Download or read book Chinese Regional Inequality and Sectoral Foreign Direct Investment written by Behzad Azarhoushang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the 1978 economic reforms, China gradually became first amongst developing countries and the second in the world, after the USA, in terms of stock of inward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Sustained GDP growth, a high rate of capital return and brisk economic development made China one of the best destinations for foreign capital; however, the benefits of this spectacular growth have not been evenly distributed throughout the various Chinese regions. There are many low-income and poor economic performing provinces in China although poverty is mainly concentrated in the inland regions. Since the beginning of the 2000s, a series of policies have been designed and implemented by the Chinese government to encourage foreign company investment in central and western provinces to help decrease the regional inequality with limited successes. This paper uses Panel Least Squares method to empirically analyze the impact of industrial sector FDI on Chinese regional inequality during 2003-2013. The resulting analysis shows the connection between FDI in industrial sectors and regional inequality in China. In particular, regional inequality affects FDI location choices. The findings show that economic and non-economic indicators such as human capital, infrastructure, per capita income, and government policies affect regional inequality and foreign firms' location choices. Despite government policies to support inland regional economic development, foreign firms still prefer to invest in coastal provinces further illustrating the effects of clusters in this region.

Download or read book The Effects of Foreign Direct Investment in the Industrial Sector on Regional Inequality written by Behzad Azarhoushang and published by . This book was released on 2018-06-22 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment and the Chinese Economy written by Chunlai Chen and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreign Direct Investment and the Chinese Economy provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of foreign direct investment, with extensive empirical evidence, on the Chinese economy over the last three and a half decades.

Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment and Regional Inequality in China written by Kailei Wei and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreign direct investment (FDI) is blamed for being one of the main factors widening regional inequality in Chinese regions since it is highly unevenly distributed spatially. If this logic were true, then controlling the scale of FDI could be a solution to reduce regional inequality. However, it is difficult to reconcile the positive effect of FDI on economic growth with its potential “negative” effect on regional inequality. Using the largest panel dataset covering all the Chinese regions over the entire period 1979-2003 and employing an augmented Cobb-Douglas production function, this paper proves that FDI has been an important factor responsible for regional growth differences in China. However, it suggests that FDI cannot be blamed for rising regional inequality. It is the uneven distribution of FDI instead of FDI itself that has caused regional growth differences. The research results have important policy implications on regional development in China relating to FDI.

Download or read book China in the Global Economy Foreign Direct Investment in China Challenges and Prospects for Regional Development written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2002-06-24 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a selection of papers presented at the Foreign Direct Investment in China’s Regional Development Conference, organised in Xian on 11-12 October 2001 at the request of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation.

Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment in China written by Ms.Wanda Tseng and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2002-02-01 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's increasing openness to foreign direct investment (FDI) has contributed importantly to its exceptional growth performance. This paper examines China's experience with FDI and identifies some lessons for other countries. Most of the factors explaining China's success have also been important in attracting FDI to other countries: market size, labor costs, quality of infrastructure, and government policies. FDI has contributed to higher investment and productivity growth, and has created jobs and a dynamic export sector. China's success, however, did not come without some pitfalls: an increasingly complex tax incentive system and growing regional income disparities. Accession to the WTO should broaden China's "opening up" policies and continue FDI's contributions to China's economy in the future.

Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment in China Effects on Economic Growth and Regional Inequality written by Feng Lu and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book China and the World Economy written by D. Greenaway and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-09-10 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rising importance of China and its impact on the world economy has attracted massive interest worldwide. This book examines a wide range of issues related to China and its relationship with the world economy, focusing on its successful development experiences and how its rise may affect the rest of the world in the coming decades.

Download or read book China and Its Regions written by Mary-Françoise Renard and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 20 years of reform in China, the key development has been the opening-up of the market to foreign trade and international investment.

Download or read book Recent Developments in the Chinese Economy written by Almas Heshmati and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China, following its radical economic reform has developed rapidly in recent decades with nearly double digit annual economic growth rates. China has experienced a major transformation in its transition from centrally planned economy to a developed and relatively well functioning market economy. This has been facilitated through a vision, strategy, planning, management and skilful implementation of such comprehensive reform program. The planning and implementation of the policy of reforming the economy has affected every aspect of life in China. It has implied organisational reforms and changes in production technology. The changes have required enormous amount of resources in various forms particularly in the energy sector, education and different public and private infrastructures. This book provides an up-to-date and in depth analysis of five factors crucial to the success of the policy and current state of the economy. These include: economic growth, bilateral trade relations, science and technology, flow of foreign direct investment and income inequality. They all together provide a comprehensive picture of the recent developments in the Chinese economy and its path of reform. The development has been a great source of admiration around the world.

Download or read book Regional Disparities in China s Economic Growth and Foreign Direct Investment written by Xinzhong Lee and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Globalization and Regional Inequality in China written by Tsun Se Cheong and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the impacts of globalization on intraprovincial inequality in China. The empirical analysis is based on a dataset of Chinese counties and county level cities. It is found that foreign direct investment (FDI) and intraprovincial regional inequality are negatively correlated, whereas the relationship between international trade and regional inequality is statistically in significant. In addition, it is shown that the level of industrialization and service development in Chinese provinces has a positive effect on intraprovincial inequality. It implies that intraprovincial regional inequality will increase as the primary sector declines. The results also show that domestic trade is negatively correlated with regional inequality, whereas the transportation infrastructure has a positive effect on inequality in the country.

Download or read book The Distribution of Foreign Direct Investment in China written by Harry G. Broadman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Developing China The Remarkable Impact of Foreign Direct Investment written by Michael J. Enright and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-09-12 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of foreign investment to China goes well beyond the USD 1.6 trillion in investment received since its opening. The unique analysis in this book shows that the investments, operations, and supply chains of foreign enterprises have accounted for roughly one-third of China’s GDP in recent years, and that foreign enterprises have made numerous additional contributions to China through technological, managerial, business practice, supply chain, and other spillovers. This book shows how China’s leaders managed this process and provides lessons for policy makers interested in building their own economies and tools for companies to demonstrate their contribution to host countries.

Download or read book Development Centre Studies Economic Opening and Growth in China written by Démurger Sylvie and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2000-03-09 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, the specific effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into China is measured quantitatively and estimated on a regional basis. The authors find that there is a much more complex relationship between such flows and growth overall than had hitherto been supposed.

Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in China s Regions 1979 2003 written by Kailei Wei and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 1978 to 2007, China has gone through 30 years of exciting economic development and social changes. In this thirty-year period, China's gross domestic product (GDP) increased from 0.36 trillion RMB to about 24 trillion RMB in current prices, or a 14 fold increase in constant prices. On a per capita basis, real GDP increased over ten fold during the same period. It is predicted that China will overtake Germany to become the world's third largest economy in 2007 or 2008. In 2006, China became the world's third largest exporter, moving from the 23rd place in the world ranking in 1978. By 2010, China will become the world's largest exporter, overtaking both the US and Germany. From 1994, China has been the largest host country of foreign direct investment in the developing countries and the second largest in the world after the US. Over 1979-2006, China accumulated a FDI stock of $692 billion. The total trade volume in 2006 was $1.76 trillion, generating a surplus of $177 billion. By November 2007, China had accumulated a foreign exchange reserve of $1.45 trillion, which was the largest in the world. The emergence of China has probably induced the most profound impact on the global social, economic and political order in world development history as the momentum of China's economic growth is predicted to last for at least another two to three decades. Economic development in China over the last thirty years can be divided into two main stages. The first stage was from 1978 to 1991, when the economic development strategy was characterized by institutional reforms in agriculture and industry. Agricultural reform began with the introduction of the rural household production responsibility System in 1978. By 1984, rural reform had made remarkable achievements in grain output, farm income, land productivity, and above ail, poverty reduction. The success of agricultural reform provided a solid foundation for the reforms in the industrial and urban sectors, starting from the early 1980s. As the urban industrial economy was dominated by state ownership, especially the state-owned enterprises, similar reforms methods that were proved successful in the countryside such as the production responsibility did not work very well in the cities. As a result, urban and industrial reforms encountered far more complication and difficulty in the 1980s and 1990s. To break the iceberg of the traditional Chinese planned system, opening was an important strategy of Deng Xiaoping to change the urban industrial economy to a market-oriented system. This was why China began with four special economic zones and 14 open coastal cities in the 1980s to experiment with capitalism and market in order to demonstrate that state-ownership and socialist planning can be substituted by, or at least supplemented with market capitalism. The second stage of China's economic reform started from 1992 after Deng Xiaoping made his tour to South China to encourage the people in the south, especially in Guangdong, to move faster towards a more open and market-oriented economy, allowing the inflow of foreign capital in large scale. Only after 1992 did foreign direct Investment (FDI) become a significant phenomenon in China's economic growth. Before 1992, FDI was allowed in the special economic zones and open coastal cities on an experimental basis. The amount of FDI was small because the government and the people did not have experiences in attracting foreign capital and were afraid that FDI could change the nature of the socialist state and the nature of the communist party. However, the difficulty in reforming the state-owned industrial sector also meant that if the government did not allow foreign capital to flow into China, it would have been impossible to achieve the reform objectives, one of which was to increase China's international competitiveness and industrial productivity. In short, economic reforms during 1978-92 can be regarded as reforms of domestic institutions and reforms after 1992 can be regarded as openness, export-push and globalization. One of the key elements of reforms after 1992 is FDL The role of FDI in China's economic development is not necessary to make up the shortfall of investments in the country as China has maintained a high saving rate since economic reforms. The most important contributions of FDI to the Chinese economy include technological transfer, competition, and export promotion. This thesis uses the most up-to-date and comprehensive data covering all the Chinese provinces over the period 1979-2003 to examine how FDI has contributed to economic growth. The growth models and the empirical results prove the following two important hypotheses: (1) FDI is a mover of production efficiency. It means that the presence of FDI helps domestic firms to reduce production inefficiency. (2) FDI is a shifter of the domestic production frontier. This means that FDI can help China to move to a higher technological production frontier so that for the same amount of inputs, China is able to produce more outputs, ceteris paribus, because the embedded technologies in FDI have brought about new technologies, production processes and management that were not existent within the country before. In the literature, few researchers have argued against the positive contribution of FDI to economic growth in China, but many have argued that FDI must have contributed to the rising income inequality, especially regional income inequality in the country. One important problem emerging from China's fast economic growth over the past three decades is the ever rising income inequality. Spatial inequality is an important part of total inequality. It happens that the pattern of this inequality is coincided with the pattern of FDI distribution. The east region has taken a lion's share of FDI whilst the inland regions assume a small portion. This thesis analyses both the patterns of income and FDI distribution across the provinces. It suggests that FDI cannot be blamed for regional inequality. Instead, it is the unequal distribution of FDI that has been responsible for the rising regional inequality. Consequently, the government should encourage, rather than discourage FDI to reduce regional income inequality, but the inflows of FDI must be directed more towards to the inland regions in the future. Another part of this thesis is to identify the main determinants of FDI in China. It is shown that market size, measured by GDP, infrastructure, population density, human capital, exchange rate, location and government policies are important factors influencing the inflows of FDI into China. The main conclusions in this thesis are as follows: (1) Fast economic growth in China has been helped by the massive inflows of FDI. (2) FDI helped domestic firms in improving competition and productivity. FDI also helped improving China's technological progress. Over the period 1979-2003, total factor productivity in China increased about 4% per annum and the contribution of FDI was roughly one-third of this productivity growth. Technological progress in China exhibits a two-steps waterfall shape, Coming down from more than 4% in the east, to less than 2% in the central, and to less than 1% in the west. (3) FDI cannot be blamed for the rising regional inequality in China. FDI should be encouraged, especially in the inland areas, to promote growth and to reduce regional inequality. (4) FDI inflows have been affected by many factors, among which government policies and macro-economic environment are important. To promote FDI, the relatively backward areas in the west and the central regions should be given more preferential policies, including taxation, infrastructure and education.

Download or read book China s Economic Miracle written by Sumei Tang and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This insightful book analyses the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in China as well as making valuable contributions to the theory of FDI more broadly. the authors provide empirical analysis of key factors including the location-specific determinants of FDI; the impact of FDI on domestic investment, income distribution, consumption and tourism; the relationship between FDI inflows and income inequality; causality between FDI, domestic investment and economic growth; and causality between FDI and tourism. the study concludes that FDI plays a crucial and positive role in the economic development of China. Rather than crowding out domestic investment, FDI is found to stimulate economic growth by complementing it. China's Economic Miracle will be warmly welcomed by potential investors who are interested in investing in China. It will be highly useful for academics and postgraduate students with an interest in FDI or the Chinese economy. With strong policy-oriented analyses and discussions on implications the book will also prove invaluable to policy-makers in various government and private sectors who have trade-links with China.