Download or read book Chinese Industrial Firms Under Reform written by William A. Byrd and published by World Bank. This book was released on 1992 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reforms transformed the operating environment, financial arrangements, business and administrative relationships, and internal structure and motivation of Chinese state-owned industrial enterprises during the 1980s. This book, based on a collaborative research project between the World Bank and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, analyses these changes and their impact on enterprise behaviour and performance from the perspective of individual firms, through a series of detailed case studies. Themes emerging from this study include: the importance of market conditions in influencing enterprise actions; mandatory production planning as a serious obstacle to reforms and efficiency improvements; administrative influence over the permissable scope of enterprise activities and resulting problems; and the role of workers' interests in forming enterprise objectives.
Download or read book Two Decades of Reform written by Shahid Yusuf and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1980s, China has begun gradually integrating with the global system. In doing so the country has moved toward its own unique brand of market socialism, which recognizes private ownership, and is adopting market institutions and pursuing industrial change within the framework of an urban economic environment. The process of transition has now permeated every corner of Chinese life and no organization has been left untouched. Yet industrial organization in China-especially in the state sector-has been slow to shed many of the distinctive structural characteristics of the old line Maoist era state enterprises. The main prong of the industrial strategy in support of urban change is ownership reform that transforms state-owned enterprises into corporate entities with majority state ownership or places them wholly in private hands, in the process also bolstering the incentives for and the dynamism of the private sector. While the central government spearheads the ownership reform initiative, in the majority of cases the actual implementation is in the hands of municipal, county, and prefectural governments that must coordinate their efforts with other factors influencing urban changes. This paper situates industrial change in China within the context of urban development and examines the interplay of broad reform strategy with local implementation, and its actual practice by the reformed firms.
Download or read book China s State owned Enterprises written by Hong Sheng and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nature, the Performance, and the Reform of State-owned Enterprises provides a detailed description of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China with respect to both efficiency and income distribution. It shows that state ownership in the form of SOEs does not use resources efficiently and has a poor record in income distribution. Moreover, SOEs are found to enjoy unfair advantages in their competition with other firms. To illustrate the point, the book presents data revealing how favored policies, monopolistic powers, and subsidies benefit SOEs. These advantages are worth several trillion yuans a year. It is a sad irony that such wealth of the people is used to beef up the revenues of the SOEs, making their accounts look much better than they should be.This book, with its rich empirical data and information, is an authoritative reference for researchers interested in SOEs. It is also a good read for students of social sciences and the public to learn more about SOEs.
Download or read book Two Decades of Reform written by Shahid Yusuf and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1980s, China has begun gradually integrating with the global system. In doing so the country has moved toward its own unique brand of market socialism, which recognizes private ownership, and is adopting market institutions and pursuing industrial change within the framework of an urban economic environment. The process of transition has now permeated every corner of Chinese life and no organization has been left untouched. Yet industrial organization in China-especially in the state sector-has been slow to shed many of the distinctive structural characteristics of the old line Maoist era state enterprises. The main prong of the industrial strategy in support of urban change is ownership reform that transforms state-owned enterprises into corporate entities with majority state ownership or places them wholly in private hands, in the process also bolstering the incentives for and the dynamism of the private sector. While the central government spearheads the ownership reform initiative, in the majority of cases the actual implementation is in the hands of municipal, county, and prefectural governments that must coordinate their efforts with other factors influencing urban changes. This paper situates industrial change in China within the context of urban development and examines the interplay of broad reform strategy with local implementation, and its actual practice by the reformed firms.
Download or read book China s Industrial Reform written by Gene Tidrick and published by World Bank. This book was released on 1987 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing important implications for socialist and other developing countries, this book uses newly-acquired data to analyze China's far-reaching industrial reforms, looks at Hungary's reforms, and compares Chinese and Soviet systems.
Download or read book State owned Enterprise Reform in China written by Justin Yifu Lin and published by Chinese University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is a continuation of the authors' earlier publication, "The China Miracle: Development Strategy and Economic Reform". The authors review the historical evolution of the state-owned enterprises, analyze the current problems, and suggest the direction for future reforms.
Download or read book China s Industrial Reform and Open door Policy 1980 1997 A Case Study from Xiamen written by Qi Luo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2001. The 1980s and 1990s were not only a period in which many developing countries adopted a series of major economic policy reforms, but also an era in which all socialist countries undertook varying degrees of radical reforms in their Soviet-style central-planning economic management systems. This volume examines the performance of China's industrial reform and open-door policy during the period of 1980-1997 through conducting a case study on one of its Special Economic Zones (SEZs), Xiamen. It adopts an analytical approach - examining Xiamen's performance from the perspective of three important interactions: between the country's general economic reform policies and the Special Policy implemented in the SEZs; between the Xiamen SEZ and the vast Chinese hinterland; and between foreign (especially Taiwanese) direct investment and local industrial transformation.
Download or read book Business Transformation in China written by Henri-Claude De Bettignies and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 1996, provides an in-depth examination of China’s changing business environment as it continues to develop its business infrastructure. Leading experts from Asia and Europe present their research into developments in China. Issues include political evolution, foreign trade expansion, foreign direct investment, the distribution system, economic reform, industrial relations and HR, economic growth and the market entry strategies of foreign manufacturers.
Download or read book China s Centralized Industrial Order written by Chen Li and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-11-13 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the political economy of China’s industrial reform and the rise of a group of Chinese big businesses under the Communist Party and the central state’s control. It examines the origins, evolution and institutional configuration of this centralized system in governing the ‘commanding heights’ of the Chinese industrial economy. Shaped by persistent industrial policies to develop China’s ‘national champions’ enterprises, the core parts of China’s central industrial ministries and mono-bank system have been transformed into a ‘national team’ of giant modern business firms in industries such as oil, power generation, telecommunications, aerospace, aviation, nuclear, shipbuilding, mining, construction, automobile and banking. Through an adaptive process of learning, experimentation and restructuring, the bedrock of the authority relations and control mechanisms among the Party, government bureaucracy and firms has been consolidated rather than dismantled in the system’s transformation. This alternative view of China’s industrial reform presents a direct challenge to the neo-liberal transition model of China’s institutional development and the mainstream Western conceptions of Chinese big business.
Download or read book Industrial Reforms and Macroeconomic Instabilty in China written by Yak-yeow Kueh and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1999-02-11 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the battle against inflation in China now over? Can Zhu Rongji, the economic guru turned Chinese premier who has successfully reduced the skyrocketing inflation of the mid-1990s to a near zero level, while yet maintaining high economic growth through the new millennium, relax? These are the key questions raised by China's current economic transition towards a market-based system, and they both revolve around the institutional economics that is the focus of this volume. Dealing specifically with the giant state-owned enterprises (SOEs), Industrial Reform and Macroeconomic Instability in China unravels the intriguing dynamics between industrial deregulation and inflation, in the context of China's continuous search for sustained, stable economic growth without runaway inflation. This book is unique among western studies: it addresses the very core, but to date least reformed sector of the Chinese economy. SOEs have monopolized key industrial supplies, commanded the bulk of national investment, disctated much of the nation's credit and finance, and have been the single most important source of state budget revenue. Continually faced with enormous internal wage pressures, all attempts at marketization and price liberalization are inherently inflationary. Based upon an independently, specifically designed set of questionnaires administered to 300 large and medium-scale state industrial enterprises in six major industrial cities, this book provides an in-depth analysis of the first decade of the reforms of the 1980s. The findings are formulated as pointers for understanding the macroeconomic vicissitudes that occurred after the launching of the campaign to create a 'socialist market economy' in the early 1990s. This book will be of use to China analysts, students, and businessmen who are interested in learning about the progress made, the remaining obstacles that the state-owned enterprises face, and their inevitable impact on China's economic growth and stability.
Download or read book Management in China During the Age of Reform written by John Child and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-11-13 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and survey of management in China in the period of economic reform, first published in 1994.
Download or read book Enterprise Reform in China written by Gary H. Jefferson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book seeks to document the impact of economic reforms on China's industrial sector and to explain why China's reforms have had such wide-reaching effects. The volume contains 11 coordinated studies that document and analyze changes in the governance and performance of China's industrial enterprises. Chapter 1 presents an overview of the structure of China's industrial enterprises. Chapter 2 extracts key aspects of the survey data to describe, compare, and contrast the systems of governance of key ownership types. Chapter 3 describes the special features of China's economic and institutional structure that create a kind of dynamic endogenous reform process, "an industrial innovation ladder." The ladder has two interactive dimensions. The first is technical innovation, modeled and empirically tested in chapter 4. The second is institutional change, or enterprise reform, viewed in chapter 5 as arising from both conditions within the industrial system and the efforts of central reformers. Chapters 6 and 7 assess the performance of Chinese industry. Chapters 8 through 11 present formal models and technical econometric work. Each of these chapters seeks to examine the behavior of one or more samples of enterprises with respect to a particular enterprise function.
Download or read book Chinese Firms and the State in Transition Property Rights and Agency Problems in the Reform Era written by Lily Xiao Hong Lee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 1992: In this volume, Keun Lee has presented a throughly documented framework for understanding not only the progress and problems of China's past reform efforts, but also the measures which must be undertaken if future initiatives are to lead to more beneficial results. The book draws from the literature of socialist enterprise models and Western agency and property rights discourse and focuses on the evaluation of reform efforts in Chinese state enterprises.
Download or read book The Theory of the Firm and Chinese Enterprise Reform written by Xiao Qin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes to corporate structure, including the role of the corporate headquarters, have been key factors in bringing about economic reform in China. In this penetrating and insightful book, Xiao questions the conventional theory of the firm, arguing that the ultimate goal of the headquarters of modern large corporations is to function as a substitute for the market, and introducing a new explanation for the nature of the firm - the 'substitution function model'. He provides an insider's account of the reforms in CITIC, a rare narrative that should be essential reading for scholars and practitioners who care about the theory and practice of the firm, in particular in the context of Chinese enterprise reform.
Download or read book Forging Reform in China written by Edward S. Steinfeld and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The greatest economic challenge facing China in the post-Deng era is the reform of unprofitable, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) which threaten to drag down the rest of the economy. Despite an array of well-intentioned, market-oriented reform measures, these firms have never truly been forced to face the pressure of a bottom line, or the threat of bankruptcy. Forging Reform in China explains how and why these measures have not been sweepingly successful to date, and what it would take to achieve meaningful reform. The author investigates firm-level processes, including case studies of China's steel industry giants, revealing institutional and systemic barriers to market-oriented performance. This book makes a compelling argument that private ownership cannot work in China's current system until governance over complex economic factors has been established, that is, until credit is tightened and market selection processes made to work.
Download or read book Contrasting Styles of Industrial Reform written by George Rosen and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1992-05 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since World War II, China has had a command economy administered under a dictatorship, while India's democracy has introduced a highly regulated economy. Despite obvious differences in their political systems, each country endured remarkably similar economic problems with respect to industry during the 1960s and 1970s. Both embarked in the 1980s on a series of industrial reforms designed to improve technology and efficiency in the use of resources, as well as to stimulate industrial growth in the face of declining productivity. For economists, the two countries offer an interesting test case for examining similar reform programs launched from disparate political and economic systems. For policymakers concerned with the region's stability, a clear view of the economic futures of these two major powers is paramount. Examining and comparing the reform experiences of China and India up to the present, George Rosen shows that although China enacted more sweeping reform measures and produced more impressive local growth, it also experienced more significant inflationary spurts. Two-thirds of each nation's population was involved in agriculture at the start of the reform period and nearly that many at the conclusion. Ultimately, the effects of the past industrial reforms in both countries in terms of significantly greater industrial employment or well-being of their populations were limited. An important lesson in these findings, argues Rosen, is that they actually reveal more about the political factors that limit and shape economic policy reforms in a dictatorship or democracy than they confirm the virtues of either capitalism or communism.
Download or read book The State Strikes Back written by Nicholas R. Lardy and published by Peterson Institute for International Economics. This book was released on 2019-01-01 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's extraordinarily rapid economic growth since 1978, driven by market-oriented reforms, has set world records and continued unabated, despite predictions of an inevitable slowdown. In The State Strikes Back: The End of Economic Reform in China?, renowned China scholar Nicholas R. Lardy argues that China's future growth prospects could be equally bright but are shadowed by the specter of resurgent state dominance, which has begun to diminish the vital role of the market and private firms in China's economy. Lardy's book arrives in timely fashion as a sequel to his pathbreaking Markets over Mao: The Rise of Private Business in China, published by PIIE in 2014. This book mobilizes new data to trace how President Xi Jinping has consistently championed state-owned or controlled enterprises, encouraging local political leaders and financial institutions to prop up ailing, underperforming companies that are a drag on China's potential. As with his previous book, Lardy's perspective departs from conventional wisdom, especially in its contention that China could achieve a high growth rate for the next two decades—if it reverses course and returns to the path of market-oriented reforms.
