Download or read book Children and Intra Household Inequality written by S. M. Ravi Kanbur and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parental Investments and Intra household Inequality in Child Human Capital written by Michele Giannola and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intra-household inequality explains up to 50 percent of the cross-sectional variation in child human capital in the developing world. I study the role played by parents' educational investment to explain this inequality and its determinants. To mitigate the identification problem posed by observational data, I design a lab-in-the-field experiment with poor parents in India. I develop new theory-driven survey measures based on hypothetical scenarios that allow me to separately identify parental beliefs about the human capital production function and their preferences for inequality in children's outcomes, as well as study the role of household resources. I find that parents are driven by efficiency considerations rather than inequality concerns over children's final outcomes. Because they perceive investments and baseline ability to be complements in the production function, they invest more in higher-achieving children. Resources are important, as constrained parents select more unequal allocations. I then show that primitive parameters identified in the experiment are predictive of actual investment behaviour. The results indicate that families act as a reinforcing agent, magnifying ability-based educational inequalities between children.
Download or read book Three Essays on Intra household Inequality and Child Welfare written by Theophiline Bose-Duker and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis consists of three essays that investigate inequality within the household with a particular focus on the effects of intra-household resource allocation and informal child fostering on the welfare of children. The first essay estimates individual resource shares within Ghanaian households using a modern household collective model. Our findings show that mothers, along with their children, tend to be more vulnerable to poverty than fathers because mothers tend to bear most of the cost of having children. Applying the same model to a panel data set of households, the second chapter conducts a comparative study of children's resource shares between male-headed and female-headed households in Jamaica. The results indicate that children tend to be allocated a higher share of resources in female-headed households and hence may not be necessarily poorer in terms of resource shares to children in male-headed households. The final essay investigates the effects of child fostering on two educational outcomes of children in Jamaica - school attendance and the number of years of schooling. We find that being a foster child in itself has a negative impact on the number of schooling years a child accumulates but has no significant effect on school attendance.
Download or read book Living Arrangements Intra household Inequality and Children s Deprivation Evidence from EU SILC written by Eleni Karagiannaki and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Parental Investments and Intra household Inequality in Child Human Capital written by Michele Giannola and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intra household Inequalities in Child Rights and Wellbeing A Barrier to Progress written by Laura Rodríguez Takeuchi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Linear Expenditure Systems Children as Public Goods and Intra household Inequality written by S. M. Ravi Kanbur and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK written by Esther Dermott and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can we measure poverty in the United Kingdom today, and which measures are most reliable? Is poverty related to other problems and disadvantages? Based on the largest research study on UK poverty ever commissioned, these fascinating volumes answer these questions and more, providing the most authoritative and up-to-date picture ever assembled of poverty throughout the four countries of the United Kingdom. Using state-of-the-art measurement methods, Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK looks across geography, time, and key domains like health, employment, and housing to make enlightening--and sometimes shocking--comparisons. In the second volume, contributors consider different aspects of disadvantage, from access to local services, the world of work, the quality of housing and neighborhoods, and physical and mental health. They also look at wider aspects of social and community life, as well as participation in civic and political activities.
Download or read book Handbook of Population and Family Economics written by Mark Richard Rosenzweig and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Welfare State Revisited written by José Antonio Ocampo and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The welfare state has been under attack for decades, but now more than ever there is a need for strong social protection systems—the best tools we have to combat inequality, support social justice, and even improve economic performance. In this book, José Antonio Ocampo and Joseph E. Stiglitz bring together distinguished contributors to examine the global variations of social programs and make the case for a redesigned twenty-first-century welfare state. The Welfare State Revisited takes on major debates about social well-being, considering the merits of universal versus targeted policies; responses to market failures; integrating welfare and economic development; and how welfare states around the world have changed since the neoliberal turn. Contributors offer prescriptions for how to respond to the demands generated by demographic changes, the changing role of the family, new features of labor markets, the challenges of aging societies, and technological change. They consider how strengthening or weakening social protection programs affects inequality, suggesting ways to facilitate the spread of effective welfare states throughout the world, especially in developing countries. Presenting new insights into the functions the welfare state can fulfill and how to design a more efficient and more equitable system, The Welfare State Revisited is essential reading on the most discussed issues in social welfare today.
Download or read book Gender Poverty and the Intra household Distribution of Resources written by Jeanette Findlay and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measuring Intra Household Inequality written by David E. Sahn and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper tests for relationships between level of well-being and inequality at both inter-country and intra-household levels, but using a different indicator of well-being, the body mass index (BMI). BMI captures individual's consumption relative to their needs, and reflects a combination of both consumption (of calories, sanitation, and health care) and health status, two important dimensions of well-being. We do not find any evidence to support either the across country Kuznets curve or the intra-household Kuznets curve. Instead, we find consistent evidence for an increase in BMI inequality as average living standards (of countries or households) improve. A distinct and surprising result is that between one half and two-thirds of BMI inequality is accounted for by within-household BMI. This finding clearly suggests that a large share of the inequality that is measured using household surveys which assumes that the well-being of all household members is the same, is likely grossly under-estimating overall inequality in a given country. In examining the within-household ratios of adult to child body mass indexes we also find some evidence that health shocks are both large and affect children more than adults; although, there are also indications that in households with chronic food deficits, there is an attempt to protect young children from food and related stresses that contribut to low BMI. It is thus clear that policies and programs that target households, not individuals, will be largely ineffective.
Download or read book Are Better off Households More Unequal Or Less Unequal written by Lawrence James Haddad and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agriculture nutrition linkages cooking time intra household equality among women and children Evidence from Tajikistan written by Hiroyuki Takeshima and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2019-11-07 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Household-level agriculture-nutrition linkage (ANL) tends to be strong in a rural subsistence setting with limited access to the food market. In such a context, markets for food processing services also may be imperfect, and consequently a household’s time-investments in cooking may become important. Using the primary data in Tajikistan, we show that longer periods of time dedicated to cooking by women in the household often significantly enhance household-level ANL. Furthermore, an increase in the diversity, scale, and efficiency of household production, as well as longer cooking time, can also reduce intrahousehold inequality in nutritional outcomes among women and children. These effects are stronger in areas with lower nighttime light intensity and for households with lower values of cooking assets. In a context where household-level ANL is strong, ANL may also depend on households’ self-production of complementary inputs, including cooking services. This dependence reveals both unique opportunities for and vulnerabilities of ANL for the rural poor.
Download or read book From Parent to Child written by Jere R. Behrman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1995-08-15 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do parents allocate human capital among their children? To what extent do parental decisions about resource allocation determine children's eventual economic success? The analyses in From Parent to Child explore these questions by developing and testing a model in which the earnings of children with different genetic endowments respond differently to investments in human capital. Behrman, Pollak, and Taubman use this model to investigate issues such as parental bias in resource allocations based on gender or birth order; the extent of intergenerational mobility in income, earnings, and schooling in the United States; the relative importance of environmental and genetic factors in determining variations in schooling; and whether parents' distributions offset the intended effects of government programs designed to subsidize children. In allocating scarce resources, parents face a trade-off between equity and efficiency, between the competing desires to equalize the wealth of their children and to maximize the sum of their earnings. Building on the seminal work of Gary Becker, From Parent to Child integrates careful modeling of household behavior with systematic empirical testing, and will appeal to anyone interested in the economics of the family.
Download or read book Sharing the Pie written by Caitlin Brown and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anti-poverty policies often aim to reach poor individuals by targeting poor households. However, intra-household inequality may mean many poor individuals reside in non-poor households. Using Bangladeshi data, we first show that undernourished individuals are spread across the household per-capita expenditure distribution. We then quantify the extent of food and total consumption inequality within families. Based on a collective model, we develop a new methodology to compute individual-level poverty rates that account for intra-household inequality. We show that women, children, and the elderly face significant probabilities of living in poverty even in households with per-capita expenditure above the poverty threshold.
Download or read book Poverty and Deprivation in Europe written by Brian Nolan and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-10-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using newly-available data on all 27 EU member states, this book combines a focus on multidimensionality with a comparative approach to survey the role of non-monetary indicators of deprivation. It shows how poverty varies across countries and over time, who is affected, and which groups should be targeted in framing anti-poverty strategies.
