Download or read book Child Labor Standards in Regional Trade Agreements written by Ryan M. Abman and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the impact of child labor standards in Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) on a variety of child labor market outcomes, including employment, education, and household inequality. We develop a stylized general equilibrium model of child labor in an economy open to international trade and consider the impact of RTAs with and without child labor bans. We empirically investigate the effects of these clauses in trade agreements in a broad international panel of 101 developing countries using harmonized survey microdata. Exploiting quasi-experimental methods to obtain plausibly causal estimates, we find that RTAs without child-labor bans lead to reductions in child employment and increases in school enrollment, particularly for older children aged 14--17. Child labor bans in RTAs perversely increase child employment among 14--17 year olds and decrease school enrollment for both young and older children. These effects appear to decrease inter-household income inequality through increased child earnings. Our findings are consistent with theoretical predictions from our model and the literature on child labor bans.
Download or read book The Impact of Child Labor on Free Trade written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Observations on International Labor Standards and Trade written by Alan B. Krueger and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the theoretical arguments for and against linking international labor standards to trade. Based on theory alone it is difficult to generalize about the effect of labor standards on efficiency and equity. Some economists have argued that international labor standards are merely disguised protectionism. An evaluation of determinants of support for legislation that would ban imports to the United States of goods made with child labor provides little support for the prevailing political economy view. In particular, members of Congress representing districts with relatively many unskilled workers, who are most likely to compete with child labor, are less likely to support a ban on imports made with child labor. Another finding is that the prevalence of child labor declines sharply with national income. Last, an analysis of compulsory schooling laws, which are often suggested as an alternative to prohibiting child labor, finds a tremendous amount of noncompliance in developing nations.
Download or read book Labor Standards and the Free Trade Area of the Americas written by Kimberly Ann Elliott and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monitoring International Labor Standards written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-03-12 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In February and March 2003, the Committee on Monitoring International Labor Standards (CMILS) of the National Research Council (NRC) convened regional forums in Costa Rica, Sri Lanka, and South Africa. Participants included representatives from the International Labour Organization (ILO), national governments, workers' and employers' organizations, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and the academic community. These meetings were designed to provide the CMILS with a broad range of international perspectives on the many complex issues related to monitoring compliance with international labor standards, particularly within developing countries. The CMILS has convened similar forums in the United States and held workshops examining data quality, assessing national legal frameworks, and exploring linkages between human capital development and compliance with labor standards.
Download or read book International Labor Standards and International Trade written by Mr.Stephen S. Golub and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-04-01 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews controversies regarding linkage of international trade and labor standards. Pressures for international harmonization of labor standards arise in the context of increased trade between countries with large disparities in wages, and also reflect the history of labor standards. A critical distinction is made between standards related to fundamental human rights and those related to employment conditions. The main conclusion is that trade sanctions to enforce labor standards should not be an option, but that international agreements on core labor standards, with voluntary compliance, may, apart from being worthwhile on ethical grounds, defuse calls for protection.
Download or read book Labor Regulation in a Global Economy written by George Tsogas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-03-27 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work categorizes and comprehensively analyzes all of the practical aspects of international labour regulation for researchers and students of human resource management (HRM). It offers realistic policy guidelines for non-academic HRM practitioners, non governmental organizations (NGOs), trade unions and governments. The book focuses primarily upon the issues, organizations and individuals in the US that influence labour regulation - NAFTA, the US GSP programme, trade unions, activists and "grass roots" movements. Major attention is also given to corresponding European Union and International Labour Organisation issues, organizations and individuals.
Download or read book International Labor Standards and International Trade written by Stephen S. Golub and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-04 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews controversies regarding linkage of international trade and labor standards. Pressures for international harmonization of labor standards arise in the context of increased trade between countries with large disparities in wages, and also reflect the history of labor standards. A critical distinction is made between standards related to fundamental human rights and those related to employment conditions. The main conclusion is that trade sanctions to enforce labor standards should not be an option, but that international agreements on core labor standards, with voluntary compliance, may, apart from being worthwhile on ethical grounds, defuse calls for protection.
Download or read book Trade and Labor Standards written by Sandra Polaski and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Labor Standards and Trade Agreements written by Christopher Lon Erickson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Trade and Labor Standards written by Christian Barry and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors examine how the international trading system can be reformed to support efforts by poor countries to promote the well-being of their peoples.
Download or read book Broken Promises written by Elizabeth Warren and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Details decades of failed trade enforcement by American presidents including Bill Clinton, George W. Bush and Barack Obama, dating back to NAFTA in 1993 -- all failed to effectively enforce promises to protect workers, even as rogue regimes have continued to benefit from other provisions of the agreements. Uses case studies of countries under active free trade agreements (FTAs), such as Guatemala and Colombia, to show that they have not curbed abuses against their workers, who still face brutality and mistreatment. "We have two decades of experience with free trade agreements under both Democratic and Republican Presidents. Supporters of these agreements have always promised that they contain tough standards to protect workers. The rhetoric has not matched the reality." The agreements enable companies unable to exploit American workers to move their capital to a trade partner and employ child labor or slaves while still exporting their goods with no tariffs. The lack of enforcement creates a race to the bottom. The report also highlights the stark difference in FTA priorities. Corporations worried about violations of the agreement can use an extra-judicial tribunal, known as the investor-state dispute settlement process, to win monetary penalties based on "expected future profits" lost. But abused workers have no such appeals process. They must rely on governments to enforce the trade agreement. And the report shows that the United States has failed on this count, citing a report by the Government Accountability Office that found neither the office of the United States Trade Representative nor the Department of Labor monitors or enforces compliance with trade pact labor agreements.
Download or read book Core Labour Standards and International Trade written by Kofi Addo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-24 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the labour standards provisions in a number of Regional and Bilateral Trade Agreements, and assesses the potential of using the relevant clauses in these trade agreements as a benchmark for a multilateral approach. Based on the lessons learned from the Regional model, the book proposes a Global Labour and Trade Framework Agreement (GLTFA) combined with a joint ILO/WTO enforcement mechanism to resolve the contentious issue of the link between the CLS and international trade. The history of the linkage between the Core Labour Standards (CLS) and international trade dates back roughly 150 years, and has recently become one of the most vexing issues facing policy-makers. At the heart of the debate is the question whether or not trade sanctions should be imposed on countries that do not respect the CLS as embodied in multilateral conventions administered by the International Labour Organization (ILO). Concretely, this would entail inserting a social clause in the World Trade Organization (WTO) rules, and would trigger the imposition of sanctions on those countries that do not adhere to the CLS.
Download or read book Monitoring International Labor Standards written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-11 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new report provides a framework within which to assess compliance with core international labor standards and succeeds in taking an enormous step toward interpreting all relevant information into one central database. At the request of the Bureau of International Labor Affairs at the U.S. Department of Labor, the National Research Council's Committee on Monitoring International Labor Standards was charged with identifying relevant and useful sources of country-level data, assessing the quality of such data, identifying innovative measures to monitor compliance, exploring the relationship between labor standards and human capital, and making recommendations on reporting procedures to monitor compliance. The result of the committee's work is in two partsâ€"this report and a database structure. Together, they offer a first step toward the goal of providing an empirical foundation to monitor compliance with core labor standards. The report provides a comprehensive review of extant data sources, with emphasis on their relevance to defined labor standards, their utility to decision makers in charge of assessing or monitoring compliance, and the cautions necessary to understand and use the quantitative information.
Download or read book North American Free Trade Agreement written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Social Dimensions of Free Trade Agreements written by International Labour Organization and published by International Labor Office. This book was released on 2013 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a comprehensive review of all existing trade agreements that include social provisions and discusses impacts for enterprises and workers. It also helps assess the challenges for arising from the multiplication of trade agreements that include different social provisions.
Download or read book Labor Standards in a Global Economy written by Lucilla L. Tan and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
