Download or read book Child Growth Shocks and Food Aid in Rural Ethiopia written by Luc J. Christiaensen and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decades child stunting in Ethiopia has persisted at alarming rates. While the country experienced several droughts during this period, it also received enormous amounts of food aid, leading some to question the effectiveness of food aid in reducing child malnutrition. Using nationally representative household surveys from 1995-96 and controlling for program placement, Yamano, Alderman, and Christiaensen find that children between 6 and 24 months experienced about 0.9 cm less growth over a six-month period in communities where half the crop area was damaged compared with those without crop damage. Food aid was also found to have a substantial effect on the growth of children in this age group. And on average, the total amount of food aid appeared to be sufficient to protect children against plot damage, an encouraging sign that food aid can act as an effective insurance mechanism, though its cost-effectiveness needs further investigation.
Download or read book Child Growth Shocks and Food Aid in Rural Ethiopia written by Takashi Yamano and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decades child stunting in Ethiopia has persisted at alarming rates. While the country experienced several droughts during this period, it also received enormous amounts of food aid, leading some to question the effectiveness of food aid in reducing child malnutrition. Using nationally representative household surveys from 1995-96 and controlling for program placement, Yamano, Alderman, and Christiaensen find that children between 6 and 24 months experienced about 0.9 cm less growth over a six-month period in communities where half the crop area was damaged compared with those without crop damage. Food aid was also found to have a substantial effect on the growth of children in this age group. And on average, the total amount of food aid appeared to be sufficient to protect children against plot damage, an encouraging sign that food aid can act as an effective insurance mechanism, though its cost-effectiveness needs further investigation.This paper - a product of Public Services, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the consequences of economic shocks.
Download or read book Food Aid s Effects on Household Behavior in Rural Ethiopia written by Takashi Yamano and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Allocation and Welfare Effects of Emergency Food Aid in Rural Ethiopia written by Mesfin Redda and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of two separate essays. The first essay examines if the allocation of emergency food aid during the 2002/3 Ethiopian drought adheres to household rankings based on their history of consumption poverty as well as their experiences with shocks and food insecurity. We found that the allocation of free food aid benefits favored consumption-poor households with older heads. In contrast, the public works program did not favor consumption-poor households because of its work requirement. We also found the allocation of benefits in both programs to be marred by inclusion and exclusion errors. Non-deserving households that received free food aid were more likely to be headed by elderly women while those who wrongly received public works benefits were more likely to be younger and had better connections. Aid deserving households with older and/or sickly heads enjoyed lower chance of being excluded from either program. ☐ The second essay examines the effect of emergency food aid interventions during the 2002/3 Ethiopian drought on household wellbeing. We use the exogenous variation that the selection criteria provide to estimate the effect of program participation using fuzzy regression discontinuity. Results from the first stage of the RD design show that households that the criteria-based ranking deemed eligible to receive benefits had significantly higher chance of actually receiving them than those it almost deemed eligible. Despite the allocation of benefits being progressive, results from the second stage of the RD estimation indicate that neither program was effective at preventing beneficiaries from depleting assets or growing their livestock units. However, participation in the free food aid program had a positive and significant effect on real per capita food consumption. But, this estimate loses significance when households who also received public works benefits are excluded from the analysis, suggesting that the effect on consumption may be short lived. In contrast, participation in public works employment had a significant but negative effect on the rate of growth of non-food consumption. While participation in either program had no effect on household assessments of program fairness post-intervention, recipients of either benefit were more likely to view the government or its officials favorably than their non-recipient counterparts. We explain this in terms of the relief and optimism associated with securing help during a crisis situation.
Download or read book Targeting of Food Aid in Rural Ethiopia written by Thomas S. Jayne and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Food Aid in Ethiopia written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Is There Persistence in the Impact of Emergency Food Aid Evidence on Consumption Food Security and Assets in Rural Ethiopia written by Daniel O. Gilligan and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We identify the impact of emergency food aid programs after the 2002 drought in rural Ethiopia on future welfare. Based on a difference-in-differences matching estimator, participation in food-for-work increases growth in total consumption and food consumption eighteen months after the drought. Separately, receiving free food raises growth in food consumption, but, surprisingly, negatively impacts food security. Food-for-work benefited households in the middle and upper tail of the consumption distribution, while the better-targeted free food program benefited the poorest. Evidence suggests these impacts demonstrate accumulated and persistent effects of food aid received in the first twelve months after the drought.
Download or read book COVID 19 and food security in Ethiopia Do social protection programs protect written by Abay, Kibrom A. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-11-11 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We assess the impact of Ethiopia’s flagship social protection program, the Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) on the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on food and nutrition security of households, mothers, and children. We use both pre-pandemic in-person household survey data and a post-pandemic phone survey. Two thirds of our respondents reported that their incomes had fallen after the pandemic began and almost half reported that their ability to satisfy their food needs had worsened. Employing a household fixed effects difference-in-difference approach, we find that the household food insecurity increased by 11.7 percentage points and the size of the food gap by 0.47 months in the aftermath of the onset of the pandemic. Participation in the PSNP offsets virtually all of this adverse change; the likelihood of becoming food insecure increased by only 2.4 percentage points for PSNP households and the duration of the food gap increased by only 0.13 months. The protective role of PSNP is greater for poorer households and those living in remote areas. Results are robust to definitions of PSNP participation, different estimators and how we account for the non-randomness of mobile phone ownership. PSNP households were less likely to reduce expenditures on health and education by 7.7 percentage points and were less likely to reduce expenditures on agricultural inputs by 13 percentage points. By contrast, mothers’ and children’s diets changed little, despite some changes in the composition of diets with consumption of animal source foods declining significantly.
Download or read book Understanding and Improving Food Aid Targeting in Rural Ethiopia written by Thomas S. Jayne and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Monitoring Report 2012 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-04-24 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This year's report summarizes the short- and long-term impact of food prices on several MDGs, explores future trends, and review policy responses, from domestic policies such as social safety nets, nutritional programs and agricultural policies, to regional trade policies to support by the international community.
Download or read book Uniting on Food Assistance written by Christopher B. Barrett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-12-20 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book chronicles the most essential causes and implications of these trends, which have expanded international food assistance well beyond the simple shipment of donated food aid commodities. We pay particular attention to how these trends shape and are shaped by European Union (EU) and United States (U.S.) food assistance policy and practice, and highlight the principles to which donors can adhere to move international food assistance forward.
Download or read book Famine in Ethiopia written by Patrick Webb and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 1992 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concepts and research approach; A record of drought and famine in Ethiopia; Household responses to drought and famine; Agricultural constraints: conflict, policy, and drought; Prices and markets during famine; Public intervention during famine.
Download or read book The State of Food and Agriculture 2006 written by Food and Agriculture Organization and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International food aid has rightly been credited with saving millions of lives and is often the only thing that stands between vulnerable people and death. However, it was a serious obstacle in the Doha Round of multilateral trade negotiations and has been sharply criticised as a donor-driven response that creates dependency on the part of recipients and undermines local agricultural producers and traders upon whom sustainable food security depends. This issue of the 'State of Food and Agriculture' report examines the issues and controversies surrounding international food aid, particularly in crisis situations. It considers the ways in which food aid can support sustainable improvements in food security, in order to preserve its essential humanitarian role whilst minimising the possibility of harmful secondary impacts.
Download or read book The African Food System and Its Interaction with Human Health and Nutrition written by Per Pinstrup-Andersen and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hunger, malnutrition, poor health, and deficient food systems are widespread in Sub-Saharan Africa. While much is known about African food systems and about African health and nutrition, our understanding of the interaction between food systems and health and nutrition is deficient. Moreover, the potential health gains from changes in the food system are frequently overlooked in policy design and implementation.The authors of The African Food System and its Interactions with Human Health and Nutrition examine how public policy and research aimed at the food system and its interaction with human health and nutrition can improve the well-being of Africans and help achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Several of the MDGs focus on health-related challenges: hunger alleviation; maternal, infant, and child mortality; the control of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria; and the provision of safe water and improved sanitation. These challenges are intensified by problems of low agricultural and food system productivity, gender inequity, lack of basic infrastructure, and environmental degradation, all of which have direct and indirect detrimental effects on health, nutrition, and the food system.Reflecting the complexity and multidisciplinary nature of these problems and their solutions, this book features contributions by world-renowned experts in economics, agriculture, health, nutrition, food science, and demography. Contributors: Harold Alderman, World Bank; Christopher B. Barrett, Cornell University; Kathryn J. Boor, Cornell University; Laura K. Cramer, Cornell University; Stuart Gillespie, International Food Policy Research Institute; Anna Herforth, Cornell University; Dorothy Nakimbugwe, Makerere University; Rebecca Nelson, Cornell University, Onesmo K. ole-MoiYoi, Kenyatta University and Kenya Agricultural Research Institute; Per Pinstrup-Andersen, Cornell University and the University of Copenhagen; Marie T. Ruel, International Food Policy Research Institute; David E. Sahn, Cornell University; Barbara Boyle Torrey, Population Reference Bureau; E. Fuller Torrey, Stanley Medical Research Institute; Joachim von Braun, University of Bonn; Speciosa Wandira, Concave International; Derrill D. Watson, Cornell University
Download or read book Building resilience to conflict through food security policies and programs written by Breisinger, Clemens Ecker, Olivier and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-04-30 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food insecurity at the national and household level not only is a consequence of conflict but can also cause and drive conflicts. This paper makes the case for an even higher priority for food securityrelated policies and programs in conflict-prone countries. Such policies and programs have the potential to build resilience to conflict by not only helping countries and people cope with and recover from conflict, but also contributing to preventing conflicts and supporting economic development more broadlythat is, helping countries and people become even better off. Based on this definition and a new conceptual framework, the paper offers several insights from four case studies on Egypt, Somalia, Sudan, and Yemen. First, conflicts are often related to other shocks such as economic crises, price shocks, and natural disasters. Second, increasing subsidies is a favored policy measure in times of crisis; however, such measures do not qualify as resilience building. Third, climate change adaptation should be an integral part of conflict prevention in part because climate change is expected to significantly increase the likelihood of conflict in the future. Fourth, building price information systems, introducing and expanding credit and insurance markets, geographic targeting of social safety nets, and building functioning and effective institutions are key measures for building resilience to conflict. Finally, the paper points to several important knowledge gaps.
Download or read book How Fair is Workfare written by Maria Agnes R. Quisumbing and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Men's and women's participation in FFW and self-employment responds differently to household and community shocks. After controlling for selection in which gender plays an important role, gender disadvantages in the wage labor market and FFW are insignificant. Returns to schooling and height are consistently positive in both wage labor and FFW, suggesting returns to human capital investment, even in the low-skill labor markets of rural Ethiopia. Program characteristics significantly affect participation, with differential effects on men and women. Participation, days worked, wages, and earnings vary according to the type of project. Relative to infrastructure projects, water, social services, and other projects decrease participation probabilities. Distance has a strong negative effect on women's participation relative to men's"--Abstract
Download or read book Aiding and Abetting written by Jessica Trisko Darden and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-24 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is the world's leading foreign aid donor. Yet there has been little inquiry into how such assistance affects the politics and societies of recipient nations. Drawing on four decades of data on U.S. economic and military aid, Aiding and Abetting explores whether foreign aid does more harm than good. Jessica Trisko Darden challenges long-standing ideas about aid and its consequences, and highlights key patterns in the relationship between assistance and violence. She persuasively demonstrates that many of the foreign aid policy challenges the U.S. faced in the Cold War era, such as the propping up of dictators friendly to U.S. interests, remain salient today. Historical case studies of Indonesia, El Salvador, and South Korea illustrate how aid can uphold human freedoms or propagate human rights abuses. Aiding and Abetting encourages both advocates and critics of foreign assistance to reconsider its political and social consequences by focusing international aid efforts on the expansion of human freedom.
