Download or read book Marine Chemical Ecology written by James B. McClintock and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-06-13 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interdisciplinary field of marine chemical ecology is an expanding and dynamic science. It is no surprise that the breadth of marine organisms studied expanded in concert with developments in underwater technology. With its up-to-date subject reviews by experts, Marine Chemical Ecology is the most current, comprehensive book on the subject. The

Download or read book Sensory Processing in Aquatic Environments written by Shaun P. Collin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-02-06 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on aquatic sensory processing -- the way animals see, hear, smell, taste, feel, and electrically and magnetically sense their environment -- has advanced a great deal over the last fifteen years. This book discusses the most recent and important themes that have emerged from research in the areas of neurobiology and sensory physiology. The layout of the book is arranged by function or task, rather than by a description of each sensory modality in turn. Part I, "Navigation and Communication," chiefly examines long-range sensory tasks, while "Finding Food and Other Localized Sources" (Part II) scales down to concentrate on more close-range processing. Part III, "Coevolution of Signal and Sense," describes the strong linkages between the physical parameters of the aquatic realm and the sensory receptors. Organisms living in light-limited environments have received a lot of recent attention, so Part IV gives special focus to visual adaptations in the deep sea. The final Part V, "Central Coordination and Evolution of Sensory Inputs," describes aspects of how signals are processed and filtered in the central nervous system. This book will be essential reading for all undergraduate and graduate students interested in aquatic biological sciences as well as for any researcher in sensory systems.

Download or read book Chemically mediated Foraging by Subtidal Marine Predators written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although predators can use waterborne chemical cues to find dead or damaged prey, the usefulness of distance chemoreception for finding living prey is poorly known in marine systems. In contrast, terrestrial predators like predatory insects and parasitoids commonly use volatile plant compounds released during grazing to find herbivorous prey (i.e. tritrophic signaling). Because few studies have tested for such interactions in marine organisms, it is unclear if marine predators commonly use these fluid-borne cues to find living, herbivorous prey, especially under more realistic settings. Such interactions might occur frequently in the ocean because marine predators often use chemosensory-based foraging, and herbivoreinduced chemical responses are common in some algae (especially the Phaeophyceae). To examine the ability of predators to find herbivores using waterborne chemical cues released by grazed algae, we examined the response of marine predators to several bait types using in situ trapping and video experiments. These experiments tested the attractiveness of chemical cues released by (1) Macrocystis pyrifera and Ulva sp. actively grazed by herbivores for short- or long-term periods, (2) injured herbivores, (3) fresh carrion, (positive control), or (4) negative controls. The majority of predators caught or observed were spiny lobsters. In both trapping and video experiments, actively grazed algae with live herbivores failed to attract predators relative to controls, suggesting that under realistic field conditions, these predators do not use cues from these sources to find living herbivores. Consistent with previous studies, injured herbivores and fresh carrion were highly attractive, with similar predator species contributing to the highest catch rates, visitation rates, and time spent near these treatments. Thus, chemical cues associated with live herbivores, Macrocystis, and Ulva have little influence on predator foraging strategies, especially relative to cues released from more potent or valuable food sources.

Download or read book Chemical Mediation of Coevolution written by Kevin C. Spencer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical Mediation of Coevolution explores the degree to which chemicals are the currency of information exchange in coevolved systems; it also reexamines existing concepts of coevolution through interpretation of chemical parameters. The contents of this volume are based on the ""Chemical Mediation of Coevolution"" symposium held on 14-15 August 1985 as part of the 36th annual AIBS meeting at the University of Florida. The volume contains 18 chapters majority of which address plant-chemical-insect systems. Explorations are also made into mammalian systems and into insect mimicry, as that process derives ultimately from herbivory upon plants. The data thus presented will specifically address chemistry as a factor in the establishment and maintenance of coevolution, and test coevolutionary concepts for their pertinence to chemically mediated systems. It is hoped that this collected work will provide an impetus for careful reconsideration of the possible roles played by chemistry in the establishment, maintenance, and fate of coevolutionary relationships.

Download or read book Methods in Chemical Ecology Volume 2 written by Kenneth F. Haynes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identification of chemicals that affect the naturally occurring interactions be tween organisms requires sophisticated chemical techniques, such as those docu mented in volume 1, in combination with effective bioassays. Without an effective bioassay, the identification becomes akin to looking for a needle in a haystack, but without any idea of what a needle looks like. To a large extent serniochemical identifications must be driven by bioassays. The design of bioassays for use in chemical ecology is governed by the sometimes conflicting objectives of ecological relevance and the need for simplic ity. Bioassay design should be based on observations of the interactions between organisms in their natural context, a theme that appears throughout this volume. As a result, this volume is as much about ecology and behavior as it is about specific methods. It is impossible to design a relevant bioassay, whether it is simple or complex, without understanding at least the fundamentals of how chemical cues or signals mediate the interaction in nature. Thus, the development of bioassay methods must be driven by an understanding of ecology and a knowledge of the natural history of the organisms under study. Given such an understanding, it is often possible to design assays that are both ecologically relevant and easy to perform.

Download or read book Chemically mediated Prey Responses written by Renae K. Reed and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of this research was to assess the predator-induced responses of a larval amphibian to its natural predators and to an unfamiliar fish. Amphibians express chemically-mediated antipredator defenses in behavior, morphology and life history, and are currently threatened with predation by invasive fish. To investigate this issue, we first initiated a behavioral assay to test the null hypotheses that predator type and diet have no effect on long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum) behavior. We exposed individual replicate A. macrodactylum to chemical cues (kairomones) from garter snakes (Thamnophis elegans), tiger salamanders (A. tigrinum) and brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans), which had been fed a larvae-diet of A. macrodactylum or a null-diet of earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris), and measured subsequent changes in A. macrodactylum behavior. A. macrodactylum decreased activity in response to their native predators, and to a greater degree if the predators were fed A. macrodactylum. Larvae increased activity in response to null-diet fish, but decreased activity in response to larvae-diet fish, indicating the use of a diet cue to identify a potential threat. We then conducted a conditioning experiment to test the null hypothesis that repeated exposure to C. inconstans kairomones with larvae-diet cues would not affect A. macrodactylum behavior when later exposed to the predator kairomones alone. A. macrodactylum were repeatedly exposed to kairomones from larvae-diet C. inconstans and later tested for a response to null-diet C. inconstans. Conditioned A. macrodactylum decreased their activity in response to fish kairomones alone, indicating they were able to learn adaptively through the use of the diet cue. We believe this is the first example of diet-dependent learning in an amphibian-fish model. During the conditioning experiment, we also measured for change in morphology, growth and development towards metamorphosis, an important life history event, as indicators of other predator-induced plastic responses. While we did not detect a significant difference in morphology or growth, conditioned A. macrodactylum reached the final stage of metamorphosis at an accelerated rate. We suggest A. macrodactylum is able to use a diet cue for predator labelling and learning, and to make potentially beneficial adjustments to its life history"--Leaf iv.

Download or read book Chemical Ecology written by Jorg D. Hardege and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-06-10 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical Ecology is a component of Encyclopedia of Chemical Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Chemical Ecology provides the essential aspects of the chemicals involved in the interactions of living organisms. It deals with studies involving defensive chemicals which are utilized to deter potential predators, which may attack a wide variety of species, animal interaction, aquatic ecosystems, chemical ecology and pest management, relation to medicine and pharmaceuticals. This volume is aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers.

Download or read book Hide and Seek written by Ryan Prescott Ferrer and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neurobiology of Chemical Communication written by Carla Mucignat-Caretta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-14 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intraspecific communication involves the activation of chemoreceptors and subsequent activation of different central areas that coordinate the responses of the entire organism—ranging from behavioral modification to modulation of hormones release. Animals emit intraspecific chemical signals, often referred to as pheromones, to advertise their presence to members of the same species and to regulate interactions aimed at establishing and regulating social and reproductive bonds. In the last two decades, scientists have developed a greater understanding of the neural processing of these chemical signals. Neurobiology of Chemical Communication explores the role of the chemical senses in mediating intraspecific communication. Providing an up-to-date outline of the most recent advances in the field, it presents data from laboratory and wild species, ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates, from insects to humans. The book examines the structure, anatomy, electrophysiology, and molecular biology of pheromones. It discusses how chemical signals work on different mammalian and non-mammalian species and includes chapters on insects, Drosophila, honey bees, amphibians, mice, tigers, and cattle. It also explores the controversial topic of human pheromones. An essential reference for students and researchers in the field of pheromones, this is also an ideal resource for those working on behavioral phenotyping of animal models and persons interested in the biology/ecology of wild and domestic species.

Download or read book Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 9 written by Anna Marchlewska-Koj and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is generally accepted that the recent progress in molecular and cellular biology would not have been possible without an understanding of the mechanisms and signaling pathways of communication inside the cell and between various cells of the animal organism. In fact a similar progress occurred in the field of chemical communication between individual organisms of vertebrate species, and this volume is aimed at presenting the current state of the art on this subject. The reader can find here both original results obtained in the laboratory or field studies and comprehensive reviews summarizing many years of research. The presentations of over 60 scientists have been grouped according to their approach into nine parts covering such fields as ecological and evolutionary aspects of chemical communication, structure and neuronal mechanisms of chemosensory systems, chemical structure of pheromones and binding proteins, kin, individual and sexual recognition, predator-prey relationships, purpose and consequences of marking behavior, scent signals and reproductive processes. Expanding on former volumes of this series, entirely new chapters have been added on prenatal chemical communication describing specific effects of the intrauterine environment. In many cases a truly multidisciplinary approach was required, such as with the population analysis of polymorphic variants of the mouse's major urinary proteins that function in carrying pheromones.

Download or read book Behavior and Its Neural Control in Gastropod Molluscs written by Ronald Chase and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-07-18 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past quarter century, there has been a tremendous expansion in our knowledge about gastropods, their behavior and their neurobiology. We can understand a great deal about mammalian nervous systems by studying the relatively larger and simpler structure of the gastropod nervous system. Behavior and Its Neural Control in Gastropod Molluscs first reviews the broader aspects of molluscan biology and draws attention to the special features of the gastropod nervous system. The book then examines different types of behavior, reviewing progress in understanding the mechanisms of neural control, and emphasizing cases in which control can be attributed to identified neurons and identified neural circuits.

Download or read book Trauma and the Body A Sensorimotor Approach to Psychotherapy Norton Series on Interpersonal Neurobiology written by Pat Ogden and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2006-09-19 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychological trauma profoundly affects the body, often disrupting normal physical functioning when left unresolved. This work provides a review of research in neuroscience, trauma dissociation and attachment theory that points to the need for an integrative mind-body approach to trauma.

Download or read book Zooplankton written by Petra. H. Lenz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-11 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zooplankton is a major work of reference for researchers in plankton biology, physiology and behavior, which combines behavioral and psychological approaches to the study of plankton on present and interdisciplinary investigation of sensory processes in pelagic environments. The breadth of perspective thus achieved provides valuable insights into the larger scale ecological processes of biological productivity, community structure and population dynamics. Technological advances in almost all aspects of biological research have opened up opportunities for a re-examination of the sensory ecology of planktonic organisms. In this wide-ranging collection, leading researchers in planktonic behavior and physiology address the rapidly developing interface between these two major areas. The studies presented range from the laboratory to the field and from the cell to the whole organism, but share the common goal of understanding the special sensory world of organisms that live in pelagic environments and how their behavior and physiology relate to it.

Download or read book Proceedings of the Ninth International Polychaete Conference written by N. J. Maciolek and published by Magnolia Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chemical Ecology in Aquatic Systems written by Christer Brönmark and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-03-01 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years it has become increasingly clear that chemical interactions play a fundamental role in aquatic habitats and have far-reaching evolutionary and ecological consequences. A plethora of studies have shown that aquatic organisms from most taxa and functional groups respond to minute concentrations of chemical substances released by other organisms. However, our knowledge of this "chemical network" is still negligible. Chemical interactions can be divided into two larger sub-areas based on the function of the chemical substance. First, there are interactions where chemical substances are toxic to other organisms and are used as a defence against consumers (including both herbivores and predators) or a weapon against competitors (allelopathy). Second, chemical substances may be used as a source for information of the environment; for example: how can I find the optimal habitat, the best food, the nicest partner, and avoid being eaten? Aquatic organisms are able to detect and respond to extremely low concentrations of chemical cues to answer all these questions. The book aims at connecting these intriguing chemical interactions with traditional knowledge of organism interactions. Chemical Ecology of Aquatic Systems covers a wide range of studies, both plant and animal, from different geographic regions and habitats - pelagic as well as benthic. Most of the chemical interactions are similar in freshwater and marine habitats and this book therefore strives at integrating work on both systems.

Download or read book Chemical Communication in Crustaceans written by Thomas Breithaupt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The crustaceans are ecologically and economically important organisms. They constitute one of the dominant invertebrate groups on earth, particularly within the aquatic realm. Crustaceans include some of the preferred scientific model organism, profitable aquaculture specimen, but also invasive nuisance species threatening native animal communities throughout the world. Chemoreception is the most important sensory modality of crustaceans, acquiring important information about their environment and picking up the chemical signals that mediate communication with conspecifics. Significant advances have been made in our understanding of crustacean chemical communication during the past decade. This includes knowledge about the identity, production, transfer, reception and behavioral function of chemical signals in selected crustacean groups. While it is well known that chemical communication is an integral part of the behavioral ecology of most living organisms, the intricate ways in which organisms allocate chemicals in communication remains enigmatic. How does the environment influence the evolution of chemical communication? What are the environmental cues that induce production or release of chemicals? How do individuals economize production and utilization of chemicals? What is the importance of molecule specificity or mix of a molecule cocktail in chemical communication? What is the role of chemical cues in multimodal communication? How does the ontogenetic stage, the sex or the physiological status of an individual affect its reaction to chemical cues? Many of these questions still represent important challenges to biologists.

Download or read book Chemical Ecology written by Melany P. Puglisi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-30 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past 20 years, marine chemical ecology has emerged as a respected field of study providing a better understanding of the role natural products play in organisms and their environments. Ample data in this book advocates the conservation of marine environments for future drug discovery efforts while sustaining their overall health. Marine chemical ecology has expanded to include research in the areas of predator–prey interactions, marine microbial chemical ecology, and seasonal and geographical distribution of marine natural products.