Download or read book Chemical Recycling of Polyurethane Foams with Amines written by Ema Žagar and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recycling of Polyurethane Foams written by Sabu Thomas and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2018-06-06 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recycling of Polyurethane Foams introduces the main degradation/depolymerization processes and pathways of polyurethane foam materials, focusing on industrial case studies and academic reviews from recent research and development projects. The book can aid practitioners in understanding the basis of polymer degradation and its relationship with industrial processes, which can be of substantial value to industrial complexes the world over. The main pathways of polymer recycling via different routes and industrial schemes are detailed, covering all current techniques, including regrinding, rebinding, adhesive pressing and compression moulding of recovered PU materials that are then compared with depolymerization approaches. The book examines life cycle assessment and cost analysis associated with polyurethane foams waste management, showing the potential of various techniques. This book will help academics and researchers identify and improve on current depolymerization processes, and it will help industry sustainability professionals choose the appropriate approach for their own waste management systems, thus minimizing the costs and environmental impact of their PU-based end products. - Offers a comprehensive review of all polyurethane foam recycling processes, including both chemical and mechanical approaches - Assesses the potential of each recycling process - Helps industry-based practitioners decide which approach to take to minimize the cost and environmental impact of their end product - Enables academics and researchers to identify and improve upon current processes of degradation and depolymerization
Download or read book Recycling of Polyurethane Wastes written by Mir Mohammad Alavi Nikje and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-03-18 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates processes to reduce environmental pollution and polyurethane (PU) waste going to landfill. The author explains recycling approaches as well as instrumental methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy for characterization and identification of PU recycling products.
Download or read book Chemical Recycling of Rigid Polyurethane Foam written by Supanee Keesuwan and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical recycling of rigid polyurethane (PU) foams been investigated in this work. PU foam was decomposed through the transesterification reaction. Diethanolamine was used as a decomposer for glycolysis of PU foam. This novel method has been created to use these products to harden epoxy resin. In order to avoid difficult separation of glycolyzed products, such products containing sodium hydroxide were used directly as hardener of epoxy resin. The crosslinking reaction was studied using Differential Scanning Calorimetry. The glycolyzed products were characterized by Infrared Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Gel Permeation Chromatography. Thermal properties of the cured epoxy samples were investigated using HDT - Vicat, DSC and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis. Hardness of cured epoxy resin was measured by the Shore Durmeter Type D. The results show that the glycoyzed products are mainly aromatic primary amines, polyols, aliphatic secondary amine and some unreacted diethanolamine. These glycolyzed products can used as a curing agent for DGEBA epoxy resin. The cured epoxy resins exhibit good themal and mechanical properties as commercial rigid thermosetting materials.
Download or read book Advances in Plastics Recycling Recycling of polyurethanes written by Kurt C. Frisch and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recycling of Polyurethanes, the first volume in the Advances in Plastics Recycling series, is focused on the physical and chemical recycling of polyurethanes, with attention given to energy conversion. A compilation of the present ongoing studies on recycling of urethane and, in general, isocyanate-based polymers, the focus is on thermosetting urethane polymers.
Download or read book Catalysts in Polyurethane Foams written by and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Flexible Polyurethane Foams written by Chris Defonseka and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flexible and viscoelastic polyurethane foams have enormous potential as viable business ventures and have replaced many traditional materials used in everyday life. This book describes the chemistry of flexible and viscoelastic polyurethane foams as well as calculations and formulating methodology for quality production. The author presents detailed information on foam manufacturing, based on over 45 years of hands-on industry experience.
Download or read book Polyurethane Chemistry written by Ram K. Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is about Polyurethane Chemistry: Renewable Polyols and Isocyanates"--
Download or read book Recycling of Polyurethane Wastes written by Mir Mohammad Alavi Nikje and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-03-18 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates processes to reduce environmental pollution and polyurethane (PU) waste going to landfill. The author explains recycling approaches as well as instrumental methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy for characterization and identification of PU recycling products.
Download or read book Polymer Recycling written by John Scheirs and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1998-09-16 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an overview of state-of-the-art recycling techniques together with current and potential applications. Presents material that is normally only available in the form of conference proceedings Includes flow charts detailing the recycling process Helps identify the problems encountered in the recycling of polymers Presents pie graphs and photographs of commercial outlets A comprehensive volume which will prove to be invaluable for polymer manufacturers, recyclers and marketers as well as environmental authorities and materials engineers.
Download or read book Szycher s Handbook of Polyurethanes Second Edition written by Michael Szycher, Ph.D and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-07-13 with total page 1147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical handbook rather than merely a chemistry reference, Szycher's Handbook of Polyurethanes, Second Edition offers an easy-to-follow compilation of crucial new information on polyurethane technology, which is irreplaceable in a wide range of applications. This new edition of a bestseller is an invaluable reference for technologists, marketers, suppliers, and academicians who require cutting-edge, commercially valuable data on the most advanced uses for polyurethane, one of the most important and complex specialty polymers. internationally recognized expert Dr. Michael Szycher updates his bestselling industry "bible" With seven entirely new chapters and five that are revised and updated, this book summarizes vital contents from U.S. patent literature—one of the most comprehensive sources of up-to-date technical information. These patents illustrate the most useful technology discovered by corporations, universities, and independent inventors. Because of the wealth of information they contain, this handbook features many full-text patents, which are carefully selected to best illustrate the complex principles involved in polyurethane chemistry and technology. Features of this landmark reference include: Hundreds of practical formulations Discussion of the polyurethane history, key terms, and commercial importance An in-depth survey of patent literature Useful stoichiometric calculations The latest "green" chemistry applications A complete assessment of medical-grade polyurethane technology Not biased toward any one supplier’s expertise, this special reference uses a simplified language and layout and provides extensive study questions after each chapter. It presents rich technical and historical descriptions of all major polyurethanes and updated sections on medical and biological applications. These features help readers better understand developmental, chemical, application, and commercial aspects of the subject.
Download or read book Ullmann s Polymers and Plastics 4 Volume Set written by Wiley-VCH and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-25 with total page 1934 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Your personal Ullmann's: Chemical and physical characteristics, production processes and production figures, main applications, toxicology and safety information are all to be found here in one single resource - bringing the vast knowledge of the Ullmann's Encyclopedia to the desks of industrial chemists and chemical engineers. The ULLMANN’S perspective on polymers and plastics brings reliable information on more than 1500 compounds and products straight to your desktop Carefully selected “best of” compilation of 61 topical articles from the Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry on economically important polymers provide a wealth of chemical, physical and economic data on more than 1000 different polymers and hundreds of modifications Contains a wealth of information on the production and use of all industrially relevant polymers and plastics, including organic and inorganic polymers, fibers, foams and resins Extensively updated: more than 30% of the content has been added or updated since the launch of the 7th edition of the Ullmann’s encyclopedia in 2011 and is now available in print for the first time 4 Volumes
Download or read book Polyurethane Polymers Blends and Interpenetrating Polymer Networks written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polyurethane Polymers: Blends and Interpenetrating Networks deals with almost all aspects of blends and IPNs formed by polyurethane, including the thermal, mechanical, morphological, and viscoelastic properties of each blend presented in the book. In addition, major applications related to these blends and IPNs are mentioned. - Provides an elaborate coverage of the chemistry of polyurethane, including its synthesis and properties - Includes available characterization techniques - Relates types of polyurethanes to their potential properties - Discusses blends options
Download or read book Biopolymers and Biotech Admixtures for Eco Efficient Construction Materials written by Fernando Pacheco-Torgal and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-01-11 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1930 more than 100,000 new chemical compounds have been developed and insufficient information exists on the health assessment of 95 percent of these chemicals in which a relevant percentage are used in construction products. For instance Portland cement concrete, the most used material on the Planet (10.000 million tons/year that in the next 40 years will increase around 100 %) currently used in around 15% of total concrete production contains chemicals used to modify their properties, either in the fresh or hardened state. Biopolymers are materials that are developed from natural resources. They reduce dependence on fossil fuels and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. There is a worldwide demand to replace petroleum-based materials with renewable resources. Currently bio-admixtures represent just a small fraction of the chemical admixtures market (around 20%) but with environmental awareness for constituents in construction materials generally growing (the Construction Products Regulation is being enforced in Europe since 2013), the trend towards bio-admixtures is expected to continue. This book provides an updated state-of-the-art review on biopolymers and their influence and use as admixtures in the development of eco-efficient construction materials. - Provides essential knowledge for researchers and producers working on the development of biopolymer-modified construction materials - Discusses the various types of biopolymers currently available, their different production techniques, their use as bio-admixtures in concretes and mortars and applications in other areas of civil engineering such as soil stability, wood preservation, adhesives and coatings - All contributions are made from leading researchers, who have intensive involvement in the design and use of biopolymers in construction materials
Download or read book Chemical Decomposition of Flexible Polyurethane Foam to Generate a Media for Microbial Upcycling written by and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract : Polyurethane waste is becoming a global concern as a large amount is being disposed of in landfills every year, and only a fraction is being recycled. Several polyurethane recycling techniques exist, of which ammonolysis and base-catalyzed hydrolysis is the least explored. Flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) decomposition can generate amines that can act as a carbon source for the growth of microbial consortia. This study aims to generate a novel media capable of microbial upcycling via ammonolysis and base-catalyzed hydrolysis of flexible polyurethane foams (FPUFs) using ammonium hydroxide and subsequently determine the reaction conditions for maximum solubilization of polyurethane foam in ammonium hydroxide. Flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) samples were decomposed using 16% NH4OH at 6.25%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% weight percent solids loading for a temperature range of 140°C-200°C with 20°C intervals. Residence times of 30 minutes and 60 minutes were tested. The effectiveness of the decomposition process was determined based on the solubilization of flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) in ammonium hydroxide. The solid and liquid products were analyzed using FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, respectively, to determine the decomposed products. 2,4-toluenediamine (TDA) was identified as the carbon source in the liquid from the NMR spectra of the liquid product. Aditionally, microbial growth was studied in a media prepared using the liquid product and a minimal media. This work successfully achieved 95% solubilization of flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) in NH4OH. 2,4-toluenediamine (TDA), the major chemical used to make 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, which is used in the manufacture of polyurethanes, was identified as a product. Two microbial species - Brevudimonas diminuta and Chelatococcus daeguensis - were comparatively enriched when consortia were grown in media containing pure TDA or FPUF liquid. However, an initial increase in microbial growth in the PUF and TDA media within the first 24 hours was quickly followed by a reduction in OD600, indicating either rapid depletion of the carbon source or generation of a toxic by-product. Future work will attempt to isolate the organisms that may be responsible for TDA metabolism and develop a method to quantify the amount of TDA in the liquid product.
Download or read book Studies in Depolymerization of Polyurethanes Foam written by Vayyaprontavida Kaliyathan Abitha and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-07 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presented to readers is a part of my Masterly Scholar work carried out at Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, India. The work presents a unique methods of recycling polyurethanes using amines so the method is aminolysis i.e solvolysis. The book will guide you through the work carried out on polyurethane foam recycling, the novel technique used to destroy the urethane linkages i.e microwave methods has also been studied and compared with conventional methods, I hope you would enjoy reading my manuscript.
Download or read book Polyurethanes written by Mark F. Sonnenschein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, cohesively written by an expert author with supreme breadth and depth of perspective on polyurethanes, provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of the science and technology on one of the most commonly produced plastics. Covers the applications, manufacture, and markets for polyurethanes, and discusses analytical methods, reaction mechanisms, morphology, and synthetic routes Provides an up-to-date view of the current markets and trend analysis based on patent activity and updates chapters to include new research Includes two new chapters on PU recycling and PU hybrids, covering the opportunities and challenges in both
