Download or read book Chemical Characterization and Two step Cure Kinetics of a High Performance Epoxy Adhesive System written by Joel D. Flores and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Author's abstract] The cure kinetics of a high performance epoxy adhesive system based on TGDDM/DGEBA/DDS/DICY and toughened with carboxy terminated poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene) rubber with aluminum filler was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. Three different sets of experiments were performed to follow the cure kinetics of the adhesive in a multi-step cure cycle. Three-dimensional plots of data entered into a surface-fitting software allowed for the interpolation of the degree and rate of cure as functions of heating rate and temperature, time and temperature, or time and initial degree of cure. Isothermal cure was modeled successfully using the kinetic model of Kamal. The gel point of the adhesive was measured using dynamic shear rheometry under isothermal conditions. Methods were developed to combine ramp and soak segments so that both the conversion (a) and rate of cure (da/dt) can be followed through a two-step cure cycle of the type used to cure composite prepreg and adhesive in an industrial setting.
Download or read book Cure Kinetics and Synthesis of Some Resins and Prepreg Systems FULL TEXT IS NOT AVAILABLE written by Rama G. Gandikota and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research reported in this dissertation details the synthesis, characterization and cure kinetics of some resin and prepreg systems. The first chapter gives an introduction to the research presented in this thesis. A summary of epoxy and amine cure reactions that occur in epoxy resins and prepreg systems, the role of catalyst and studies on the cure kinetics with differential scanning calorimetry are presented. The synthesis of various phthalonitrile resins and their cure behavior behavior is also discussed. The second chapter discusses the synthesis of control compounds and physical methods used in later chapters. The third chapter focuses on the cure kinetics of a high performance epoxy prepreg resin system based on DGEBA/TGDDM/DDS using differential scanning calorimetry. Three different sets of experiments were performed in dynamic, isothermal, and combined ramp and soak scanning to follow the cure kinetics in a multi-step cure cycle. The buildup of prepreg resin network structure during the cure cycle has been investigated using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis. Thermal Volatilization Analysis (TVA) and Sub-Ambient Thermal Volatilization Analysis (SATVA) experiments were conducted to fractionalize the condensable products released during curing of the prepreg system. The fourth chapter deals with the cure kinetics of a high performance epoxy prepreg resin system based on TGDDM/DDS with BF3 catalyst with differential scanning calorimentry. As earlier, three different sets of experiments were conducted using dynamic, isothermal and combined ramp and soak scanning to follow the cure kinetics in a multi-step cure cycle. The gel point was measured using dynamic shear rheometry of the prepreg resin in isothermal mode. The fifth nprecursor. The cure profile was investigated on preconditioned resin with muffle furnace under ramp and also combined ramp and soak conditions. The thermal stability of the precured resin was investigated with Thermomechanical analysis. Finally, TVA and SATVA experiments were conducted on uncured resin to characterize volatiles produced during cure.
Download or read book Thermal Analysis of Polymers written by Joseph D. Menczel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-07-09 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents a solid introduction to thermal analysis, methods, instrumentation, calibration, and application along with the necessary theoretical background. Useful to chemists, physicists, materials scientists, and engineers who are new to thermal analysis techniques, and to existing users of thermal analysis who wish expand their experience to new techniques and applications Topics covered include Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Differential Thermal Analysis (DSC/DTA), Thermogravimetry, Thermomechanical Analysis and Dilatometry, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, Micro-Thermal Analysis, Hot Stage Microscopy, and Instrumentation. Written by experts in the various areas of thermal analysis Relevant and detailed experiments and examples follow each chapter.
Download or read book Physical Chemical Characterization Techniques Epoxy Adhesive and Prepreg Resin Systems written by AMS P17 Polymer Matrix Composites Committee and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This recommended practice describes the physical and chemical characterization techniques for identification of epoxy adhesive and prepreg resin systems in order to verify the chemical formulation, resin B-staging (See 8.1), cure reaction rates, adhesive moisture content, and resin component mix ratios, as necessary to achieve manufacturing and quality producibility and engineering performance. ARP1610A has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE Five-Year Review policy.
Download or read book PHYSIO CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES EPOXY ADHESIVE AND PREPREG RESIN SYSTEMS written by AMS P Polymeric Materials Committee and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This recommended practice describes the physical and chemical characterization techniques for identification of epoxy adhesive and prepreg resin systems in order to verify the chemical formulation, resin B-staging (See 8.1), cure reaction rates, adhesive moisture content, and resin component mix ratios, as necessary to achieve manufacturing and quality producibility and engineering performance.
Download or read book Characterization of Cure Kinetics and Physical Properties of a High Performance Glass Fiber reinforced Epoxy Prepreg and a Novel Fluorine modified Amine cured Commercial Epoxy written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phthalonitrile Resins and Composites written by Mehdi Derradji and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2018-04-25 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phthalonitrile Resins and Composites: Properties and Applications summarizes the latest research on these polymers, providing information that enables materials scientists and engineers to deploy these polymers in the real world. The book gives details on synthesis and preparation techniques for key phthalonitrile monomers. All curing techniques are discussed, along with blends and copolymers of phthalonitrile with other polymeric materials, such as epoxy, benzoxazine and bismaleimide. Fiber and particle based phthalonitrile micro and nanocomposites are also discussed, along with their potential applications in lightweight automobiles, ships, oil rigs, aircraft, wind blades, high temperature bearings, valves, battery and electronic casings, fire resistant textiles, and more. - Introduces the subject of phthalonitrile polymers and their composites - Provides precise information on the synthesis, preparation and curing techniques for phthalonitrile polymers - Discusses developments in key application areas that are intended to facilitate and stimulate real world applications of these materials
Download or read book Handbook of Epoxy Blends written by Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference work compiles and summarizes the available information on epoxy blends. It covers all essential areas – the synthesis, processing, characterization and applications of epoxy blends – in a comprehensive manner. The handbook is highly application-oriented and thus serves as a valuable, authoritative reference guide for researchers, engineers, and technologists working on epoxy blends, but also for graduate and postgraduate students, polymer chemists, and faculties at universities and colleges.The handbook is divided into three parts and organized by the types of blends and components: Part I covers epoxy rubber blends, Part II focuses on epoxy thermoplastic blends, and Part III examines epoxy block-copolymer blends. Each part starts with an introduction, and the individual chapters provide readers with comprehensive information on the synthesis and processing, analysis and characterization, properties and applications of the different epoxy blends. All parts conclude with a critical evaluation of the applications, weighing their advantages and drawbacks. Leading international experts from corporate and academic research institutions and universities discuss the correlations of different epoxy blend properties with their macro-, micro- and nanostructures. This handbook thus offers a rich resource for newcomers to the field, and a major reference work for experienced researchers, the first of its kind available on the market. As epoxies find extremely broad applications, e.g. in oil & gas, in the chemical industry, building and construction industry, automotive, aviation and aerospace, boat building and marine applications, in adhesives and coatings, and many more, this handbook addresses researchers and practitioners from all these fields.
Download or read book Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics written by ASM International and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The selection and application of engineered materials is an integrated process that requires an understanding of the interaction between materials properties, manufacturing characteristics, design considerations, and the total life cycle of the product. This reference book on engineering plastics provides practical and comprehensive coverage on how the performance of plastics is characterized during design, property testing, and failure analysis. The fundamental structure and properties of plastics are reviewed for general reference, and detailed articles describe the important design factors, properties, and failure mechanisms of plastics. The effects of composition, processing, and structure are detailed in articles on the physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Other articles cover failure mechanisms such as: crazing and fracture; impact loading; fatigue failure; wear failures, moisture related failure; organic chemical related failure; photolytic degradation; and microbial degradation. Characterization of plastics in failure analysis is described with additional articles on analysis of structure, surface analysis, and fractography.
Download or read book Chemistry and Technology of Epoxy Resins written by Bryan Ellis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epoxy resins have been commercially available for about 45 years and now have many major industrial applications, especially where technical advantages warrant their somewhat higher costs. The chemistry of these resins is fascinating and has attracted study by many very able scientists. The technological applications of the epoxy resins are very demanding and there are many new developments each year. The aims of the present book are to present in a compact form both theoretical and practical information that will assist in the study, research and innovations in the field of epoxy resin science and technology. The literature on epoxy resins is so vast that it is not possible to be encyclopaedic and that is not the function of the present text. It is the editor's hope that the selection of topics discussed will provide an up-to-date survey. There is some overlap in the chapters but this is minimal and so each chapter is essentially self contained. As with all chemicals there are toxicological and other hazards. These are not dealt with in this text since a little knowledge can be dangerous, but material supplied can provide information regarding any safety precautions that may be necessary. However, often these precautions are not onerous and epoxy resins, or more specifically the hardeners, can be handled readily. It is hoped that this text will provide an up-to-date outline of the science and technology of epoxy resins and stimulate further research into unsolved problems and assist further technological developments.
Download or read book Thermal Characterization of Two Epoxy Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composite materials for application on Naval aircraft must possess certain unique characteristics including toughness, resistance to temperature and moisture, and high specific strength. Two resin systems being investigated for potential airframe applications include Phthalonitrile and PETl-5. Both are addition systems with high temperature applications. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) were used to determine the glass transition temperatures (Tg) before and after thermal heat treatment as well as to determine thermal decomposition kinetics. Both resin systems were autoclaved cured but it was found that the Phthalonitrile resin needed an additional post cure at 3750C for 8 hours in order to maximize mechanical properties. Decomposition kinetics were utilized to investigate the effect of post cure Phthalonitrile compared to the standard autoclave cure.
Download or read book The Rheology Handbook written by Thomas G. Mezger and published by Vincentz Network GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2006 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Santiago Ram n written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The folder may include clippings, announcements, small exhibition catalogs, and other ephemeral items.
Download or read book Epoxy Polymers written by Jean-Pierre Pascault and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-12-09 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the only book to focus on new developments and innovations in this hot field international experts from industry and academia present everything scientists need to know. The first section provides general concepts of the synthesis and properties of epoxy polymers and serves as a basis for the subsequent chapters. The second section includes new types of epoxy polymers recently commercialized or not yet present on the market, while the third section includes chapters related to the capacity of generating controlled nanostructures in epoxy-based materials. A fourth section is devoted to innovations in epoxy-based materials such as adhesives, coatings, pre-pregs, structural foams, injection-molded products and self-healing epoxies. Concluding remarks and perspectives are discussed in a short final section. The result is a one-stop reference source, collecting scientific and technological breakthroughs otherwise spread over hundreds of publications, patents and reports.
Download or read book Epoxy Adhesives written by Ammar Abbas Patel and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epoxy adhesives constitute a large majority of the structural adhesive market. Most of these adhesives are 2-component systems consisting of a bisphenol A based resin and an amine based hardener. Bisphenol A is an endocrine disruptor and a known carcinogen, as well as derived from petroleum which in itself is a finite resource. Due to these disadvantages, BPA has been banned in multiple countries and replacements for BPA based resins are persistently sought. One of the most common amine curing agents used in epoxy adhesives is petroleum derived isophorone diamine (IPDA) which has been found to be toxic and a skin sensitizer. The need for adhesive systems that can replace bisphenol A based resins and petroleum based IPDA has never been more urgent. A family of biobased epoxies derived from diphenolic acid (DGEDP epoxies) were recently synthesized that have an estrogen binding capacity of an order of magnitude less than BPA but similar thermo mechanical properties to the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), the most commonly used epoxy resin derived from BPA. This family of resins, differing amongst each other only in ester chain length in terms of structure exhibited excellent potential as suitable replacements to DGEBA. Their curing kinetics with regards to IPDA were studied to determine which resin would be suitable for adhesive applications. Isoconversional analysis indicated that the resins cured via an autocatalytic mechanism and modeling of the curing behavior using the Kamal Sourour model showed that the methyl ester resin (DGEDP-methyl) exhibited unusually high curing rates. This resin was then chosen for further development as the resin component for a biobased adhesive. However, when lap shear samples on aluminum were prepared, DGEDP-methyl when cured with IPDA exhibited extremely brittle behavior failing at very low stresses. A commercially available highly aliphatic biobased epoxy resin (NC-514) derived from cashew nut shell liquid was hypothesized to increase the energy dissipating ability of the system when blended with DGEDP-methyl. Studying the morphology, thermo mechanical properties and molecular weight between crosslinks of the DGEDP-methyl and NC-514 blend at different ratios, it was found that the 60:40 DGEDP-methyl:NC-514 weight ratio served as a boundary between the 2 components displaying the strength of the DGEDP-methyl and the flexibility of the NC-514. This increase in properties however corresponded to a significant decrease in curing speed with the addition of NC-514. Also, both resins exhibited Newtonian behavior making it difficult to use this adhesive system for vertical configurations. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), a biobased filler, were dispersed into the 60:40 resin blend to induce shear thinning and increase curing rate. A percolated network was identified between 0.5 and 1 wt % which also corresponded to an increase in adhesive failure strength. Finally, after optimizing the resin component of the system (60:40 ratio of DGEDP-methyl and NC-514 with 1 wt % CNC) IPDA was replaced by a biobased curing agent: bis(furfurylamine)A. The system cured with a biobased hardener exhibited a very wide glass transition temperature window as well as a transition from brittle to ductile fracture behavior with a crack propagating all through the length of the sample before failure occurred. This led to a significant increase in adhesive failure strength. The completely biobased adhesive system was tested on multiple different substrates with differing surface energies. The wetting of a liquid droplet on a solid surface i.e. spreading coefficient theory was applied to the system to determine compatibility between adhesive and substrate and by extension adhesive failure strength. The value of spreading coefficient was also able to predict the type of failure that occurred. Finally, a novel coating system that increased the strength of epoxy bonded to HDPE was designed. Using silane chemistry, vinyl silane was grafted on the surface of HDPE and an amine silane was condensed via Si-O-Si linkages on the vinyl silane graft in successive steps leaving the amine free to react with the epoxy. In this way, a silane bridge between HDPE and epoxy was formed that led to an increase in adhesive failure strength. This thesis thus investigates the criteria and challenges involved in developing a completely biobased epoxy adhesive system and discusses the mechanism of adhesion used to bond to multiple substrates. Using this information, it then attempts to devise a method to increase adhesive failure strength to difficult to bond substrates.
Download or read book Modeling and Prediction of Polymer Nanocomposite Properties written by Vikas Mittal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-07 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book series 'Polymer Nano-, Micro- and Macrocomposites' provides complete and comprehensive information on all important aspects of polymer composite research and development, including, but not limited to synthesis, filler modification, modeling, characterization as well as application and commercialization issues. Each book focuses on a particular topic and gives a balanced in-depth overview of the respective subfi eld of polymer composite science and its relation to industrial applications. With the books the readers obtain dedicated resources with information relevant to their research, thereby helping to save time and money. This book lays the theoretical foundations and emphasizes the close connection between theory and experiment to optimize models and real-life procedures for the various stages of polymer composite development. As such, it covers quantum-mechanical approaches to understand the chemical processes on an atomistic level, molecular mechanics simulations to predict the filler surface dynamics, finite element methods to investigate the macro-mechanical behavior, and thermodynamic models to assess the temperature stability. The whole is rounded off by a look at multiscale models that can simulate properties at various length and time scales in one go - and with predictive accuracy.
Download or read book Micro and Nanostructured Epoxy Rubber Blends written by Sabu Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-09-04 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epoxy resins are polymers which are extensively used as coating materials due to their outstanding mechanical properties and good handling characteristics. A disadvantage results from their high cross-link density: they are brittle and have very low resistance to crack growth and propagation. This necessitates the toughening of the epoxy matrix without impairing its good thermomechanical properties. The final properties of the polymer depend on their structure. The book focuses on the microstructural aspects in the modification of epoxy resins with low molecular weight liquid rubbers, one of the prime toughening agents commonly employed. The book follows thoroughly the reactions of elastomer-modified epoxy resins from their liquid stage to the network formation. It gives an in-depth view into the cure reaction, phase separation and the simultaneous development of the morphology. Chapters on ageing, failure analysis and life cycle analysis round out the book.
