Download or read book Charge Transport Theory as Applied to Flexible Organic Materials written by Matthew L. Rossi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modelling Charge Transport for Organic Solar Cells within Marcus Theory written by Riccardo Volpi and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2016-12-20 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the technological advancement of modern society, electronic devices are getting progressively more integrated in our everyday lives. Their continuouslygrowing presence is generating numerous concerns about costs, efficiency and the environmental impact of the electronic waste. In this context, organic electronics is finding its way through the market, allowing for potentially low-cost, light, flexible, transparent and environmentally friendly electronics. Despite the numerous successes of organic electronics, the functioning of several categories of organic devices still represents a technological challenge, due to problems like low efficiencies and stabilities (degradation over time). Organic devices are composed by one or more organic materials depending on the particular application. The conformation and electronic structure of the organic molecules as well as their supramolecular arrangement in the single phase or at the interface are known to strongly a affect the mobility and/or the efficiency of the device. While there is consensus on the fundamental physics of organic devices, we still lack a detailed comprehensive theory able to fully explain experimental data. In this thesis we focus on trying to expand our knowledge of charge transport in organic materials through theoretical modelling and simulation of organic electronic devices. While the methodology developed is generally valid for any organic device, we will particularly focus on the case represented by organic photovoltaics. The morphology of the system is obtained by molecular dynamics simulations. Marcus theory is used to calculate the hopping rate of the charge carriers and subsequently study the possibility of free charge carriers production in an organic solar cell. The theory is then compared both with Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations and with experiments to identify the main pitfalls of the actual theory and ways to improve it. The Marcus rate between two molecules depends on the molecular orbital energies, the transfer integral between the two molecules and the reorganization energy. The orbital energies and the transfer integrals between two neighbouring molecules are obtained through quantum mechanical calculations in vacuum. Electrostatic effects of the environment are included through atomic charges and atomic polarizabilities, producing a correction both to the orbital energy and to the reorganization energy. We have studied several systems in the single phase (polyphenylene vinylene, C60, PC61BM) and at the interface between two organic materials (anthracene/C60, TQ1/PC71BM). We show how a combination of different methodologies can be used to obtain a realistic ab-initio model of organic devices taking into account environmental effects. This allows us to obtain qualitative agreement with experimental data of mobility in the single phase and to determine whether or not two materials are suitable to be used together in an organic solar cell.

Download or read book Theory of Charge Transport in Carbon Electronic Materials written by Zhigang Shuai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-05 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanism of charge transport in organic solids has been an issue of intensive interests and debates for over 50 years, not only because of the applications in printing electronics, but also because of the great challenges in understanding the electronic processes in complex systems. With the fast developments of both electronic structure theory and the computational technology, the dream of predicting the charge mobility is now gradually becoming a reality. This volume describes recent progresses in Prof. Shuai’s group in developing computational tools to assess the intrinsic carrier mobility for organic and carbon materials at the first-principles level. According to the electron-phonon coupling strength, the charge transport mechanism is classified into three different categories, namely, the localized hopping model, the extended band model, and the polaron model. For each of them, a corresponding theoretical approach is developed and implemented into typical examples.

Download or read book Some Aspects of Charge Transport in Organic Semiconductors written by Yaping Li and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Flexible Organic Electronics written by Stergios Logothetidis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-12-03 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic flexible electronics represent a highly promising technology that will provide increased functionality and the potential to meet future challenges of scalability, flexibility, low power consumption, light weight, and reduced cost. They will find new applications because they can be used with curved surfaces and incorporated in to a number of products that could not support traditional electronics. The book covers device physics, processing and manufacturing technologies, circuits and packaging, metrology and diagnostic tools, architectures, and systems engineering. Part one covers the production, properties and characterisation of flexible organic materials and part two looks at applications for flexible organic devices. - Reviews the properties and production of various flexible organic materials. - Describes the integration technologies of flexible organic electronics and their manufacturing methods. - Looks at the application of flexible organic materials in smart integrated systems and circuits, chemical sensors, microfluidic devices, organic non-volatile memory devices, and printed batteries and other power storage devices.

Download or read book Organic Flexible Electronics written by Piero Cosseddu and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-09-29 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic Electronics is a novel field of electronics that has gained an incredible attention over the past few decades. New materials, device architectures and applications have been continuously introduced by the academic and also industrial communities, and novel topics have raised strong interest in such communities, as molecular doping, thermoelectrics, bioelectronics and many others.Organic Flexible Electronics is mainly divided into three sections. The first part is focused on the fundamentals of organic electronics, such as charge transport models in these systems and new approaches for the design and synthesis of novel molecules. The first section addresses the main challenges that are still open in this field, including the important role of interfaces for achieving high-performing devices or the novel approaches employed for improving reliability issues.The second part discusses the most innovative devices which have been developed in recent years, such as devices for energy harvesting, flexible batteries, high frequency circuits, and flexible devices for tattoo electronics and bioelectronics.Finally the book reviews the most important applications moving from more standard flexible back panels to wearable and textile electronics and more futuristic applications like ingestible systems. - Reviews the fundamental properties and methods for optimizing organic electronic materials including chemical doping and techniques to address stability issues - Discusses the most promising organic electronic devices for energy, electronics, and biomedical applications - Addresses key applications of organic electronic devices in imagers, wearable electronics, bioelectronics

Download or read book Charge Transport in Organic Materials written by Matthias H. Hettler and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Different Types of Field Effect Transistors written by Momčilo Pejović and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-06-07 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1959, Atalla and Kahng at Bell Labs produced the first successful field-effect transistor (FET), which had been long anticipated by other researchers by overcoming the "surface states" that blocked electric fields from penetrating into the semiconductor material. Very quickly, they became the fundamental basis of digital electronic circuits. Up to this point, there are more than 20 different types of field-effect transistors that are incorporated in various applications found in everyday's life. Based on this fact, this book was designed to overview some of the concepts regarding FETs that are currently used as well as some concepts that are still being developed.

Download or read book Flexible and Stretchable Electronics written by Run-Wei Li and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the recently well developed areas of Internet of Thing, consumer wearable gadgets and artificial intelligence, flexible and stretchable electronic devices have spurred great amount of interest from both the global scientific and industrial communities. As an emerging technology, flexible and stretchable electronics requires the scale-span fabrication of devices involving nano-features, microstructures and macroscopic large area manufacturing. The key factor behind covers the organic, inorganic and nano materials that exhibit completely different mechanical and electrical properties, as well as the accurate interfacial control between these components. Based on the fusion of chemistry, physics, biology, materials science and information technology, this review volume will try to offer a timely and comprehensive overview on the flexible and stretchable electronic materials and devices. The book will cover the working principle, materials selection, device fabrication and applications of electronic components of transistors, solar cells, memories, sensors, supercapacitors, circuits and etc.

Download or read book Organic Electronics written by Gregor Meller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-18 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dear Readers, Since the ground-breaking, Nobel-prize crowned work of Heeger, MacDiarmid, and Shirakawa on molecularly doped polymers and polymers with an alternating bonding structure at the end of the 1970s, the academic and industrial research on hydrocarbon-based semiconducting materials and devices has made encouraging progress. The strengths of semiconducting polymers are currently mainly unfolding in cheap and easily assembled thin ?lm transistors, light emitting diodes, and organic solar cells. The use of so-called “plastic chips” ranges from lightweight, portable devices over large-area applications to gadgets demanding a degree of mechanical ?exibility, which would overstress conventionaldevices based on inorganic,perfect crystals. The ?eld of organic electronics has evolved quite dynamically during the last few years; thus consumer electronics based on molecular semiconductors has gained suf?cient market attractiveness to be launched by the major manufacturers in the recent past. Nonetheless, the numerous challenges related to organic device physics and the physics of ordered and disordered molecular solids are still the subjects of a cont- uing lively debate. The future of organic microelectronics will unavoidably lead to new devi- physical insights and hence to novel compounds and device architectures of - hanced complexity. Thus, the early evolution of predictive models and precise, computationally effective simulation tools for computer-aided analysis and design of promising device prototypes will be of crucial importance.

Download or read book Springer Handbook of Nanomaterials written by Robert Vajtai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-20 with total page 1234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Springer Handbook of Nanomaterials covers the description of materials which have dimension on the "nanoscale". The description of the nanomaterials in this Handbook follows the thorough but concise explanation of the synergy of structure, properties, processing and applications of the given material. The Handbook mainly describes materials in their solid phase; exceptions might be e.g. small sized liquid aerosols or gas bubbles in liquids. The materials are organized by their dimensionality. Zero dimensional structures collect clusters, nanoparticles and quantum dots, one dimensional are nanowires and nanotubes, while two dimensional are represented by thin films and surfaces. The chapters in these larger topics are written on a specific materials and dimensionality combination, e.g. ceramic nanowires. Chapters are authored by well-established and well-known scientists of the particular field. They have measurable part of publications and an important role in establishing new knowledge of the particular field.

Download or read book Organic Thin Film Transistor Applications written by Brajesh Kumar Kaushik and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-09-15 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Text provides information about advanced OTFT (Organic thin film transistor) structures, their modeling and extraction of performance parameters, materials of individual layers, their molecular structures, basics of pi-conjugated semiconducting materials and their properties, OTFT charge transport phenomena and fabrication techniques. It includes applications of OTFTs such as single and dual gate OTFT based inverter circuits along with bootstrap techniques, SRAM cell designs based on different material and circuit configurations, light emitting diodes (LEDs). Besides this, application of dual gate OTFT in the logic gate, shift register, Flip-Flop, counter circuits will be included as well.

Download or read book Handbook of Materials Modeling written by Sidney Yip and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-17 with total page 2903 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first reference of its kind in the rapidly emerging field of computational approachs to materials research, this is a compendium of perspective-providing and topical articles written to inform students and non-specialists of the current status and capabilities of modelling and simulation. From the standpoint of methodology, the development follows a multiscale approach with emphasis on electronic-structure, atomistic, and mesoscale methods, as well as mathematical analysis and rate processes. Basic models are treated across traditional disciplines, not only in the discussion of methods but also in chapters on crystal defects, microstructure, fluids, polymers and soft matter. Written by authors who are actively participating in the current development, this collection of 150 articles has the breadth and depth to be a major contributor toward defining the field of computational materials. In addition, there are 40 commentaries by highly respected researchers, presenting various views that should interest the future generations of the community. Subject Editors: Martin Bazant, MIT; Bruce Boghosian, Tufts University; Richard Catlow, Royal Institution; Long-Qing Chen, Pennsylvania State University; William Curtin, Brown University; Tomas Diaz de la Rubia, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Nicolas Hadjiconstantinou, MIT; Mark F. Horstemeyer, Mississippi State University; Efthimios Kaxiras, Harvard University; L. Mahadevan, Harvard University; Dimitrios Maroudas, University of Massachusetts; Nicola Marzari, MIT; Horia Metiu, University of California Santa Barbara; Gregory C. Rutledge, MIT; David J. Srolovitz, Princeton University; Bernhardt L. Trout, MIT; Dieter Wolf, Argonne National Laboratory.

Download or read book Organic Thermoelectric Materials written by Zhiqun Lin and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-10-18 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarises the significant progress made in organic thermoelectric materials, focusing on effective routes to minimize thermal conductivity and maximize power factor.

Download or read book Organic Conductors written by Jean-Pierre Farges and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-16 with total page 874 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work examines all aspects of organic conductors, detailing recent theoretical concepts and current laboratory methods of synthesis, measurement, control and analysis. It describes advances in molecular-scale engineering, including switching and memory systems, Schottky and electroluminescent diodes, field-effect transistors, and photovoltaic devices and solar cells.

Download or read book Thin Film and Flexible Thermoelectric Generators Devices and Sensors written by Sergey Skipidarov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-13 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents and facilitates new research and development results with hot topics in the thermoelectric generators (TEGs) field. Topics include: novel thin film; multilayer, composite and nanostructured thermoelectric materials; simulation of phenomena related to thermoelectricity; thermoelectric thin film and multilayer materials manufacturing technologies; measurement techniques for characterization; thermoelectric generators; and the simulation, modeling, design, thermal, and mechanical degradation problems. This book helps researchers tackle the challenges that still remain in creating cheap and effective TEGs and presents the latest trends and technologies in development and production of advanced thermoelectric generation devices.

Download or read book Handbook of Organic Materials for Optical and Opto Electronic Devices written by Oksana Ostroverkhova and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-08-31 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small molecules and conjugated polymers, the two main types of organic materials used for optoelectronic and photonic devices, can be used in a number of applications including organic light-emitting diodes, photovoltaic devices, photorefractive devices and waveguides. Organic materials are attractive due to their low cost, the possibility of their deposition from solution onto large-area substrates, and the ability to tailor their properties. The Handbook of organic materials for optical and (opto)electronic devices provides an overview of the properties of organic optoelectronic and nonlinear optical materials, and explains how these materials can be used across a range of applications.Parts one and two explore the materials used for organic optoelectronics and nonlinear optics, their properties, and methods of their characterization illustrated by physical studies. Part three moves on to discuss the applications of optoelectronic and nonlinear optical organic materials in devices and includes chapters on organic solar cells, electronic memory devices, and electronic chemical sensors, electro-optic devices.The Handbook of organic materials for optical and (opto)electronic devices is a technical resource for physicists, chemists, electrical engineers and materials scientists involved in research and development of organic semiconductor and nonlinear optical materials and devices. - Comprehensively examines the properties of organic optoelectronic and nonlinear optical materials - Discusses their applications in different devices including solar cells, LEDs and electronic memory devices - An essential technical resource for physicists, chemists, electrical engineers and materials scientists