Download or read book Characterizing Positive Pressure Ventilation Using Computational Fluid Dynamics written by S. I. Kerber and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Residence Time Distributions and Computational Fluid Dynamics to Characterize Dilution Ventilation in a Confined Space Model written by Ravi Nabar and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Positive Pressure Attack for Ventilation Firefighting written by Kriss Garcia and published by PennWell Books. This book was released on 2006 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decades, lightweight building construction methods and the use of manmade materials in construction and furnishings have become more and more common. The time until structural failure can be expected in a fire has been reduced, and firefighters have seen hotter fires that generate high levels of deadly gasses. But the ventilation methods used by modern firefighters have not kept pace. Positive pressure was first used in the fire service to ventilate a structure after the fire was knocked down. Authors Kriss Garcia and Reinhard Kauffmann have taken positive pressure a step further to achieve effective ventilation in coordination with aggressive fire attack, called positive pressure attack (PPA). Properly used PPA allows firefighters great control over the interior environment of a fire building, and starts at the earliest stages of the operation when ventilation can provide the greatest benefit for victims, firefighters, and the structure. With a small investment in equipment and a commitment to training, any fire department can implement PPA at the company level. Subjects covered in this book include: - Basics of positive pressure and how to maximize its effectiveness for fireground ventilation. - PPA: how effective ventilation can be coordinated to support an aggressive fire attack. - Safety considerations and limitations of PPA and positive pressure. - Other ways positive pressure blowers can be used to help victims and firefighters in a variety of situations. - Implementing PPA on a department, and how to train each engine company to become its own firefighting force that can accomplish both ventilation and fire attack.

Download or read book Evaluation of the Ability of Fire Dynamic Simulator to Simulate Positive Pressure Ventilation in the Laboratory and Practical Scenarios written by nist and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2013-11-22 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) is a tactic that is used on fire grounds across the world everyday, both to improve tenability after the extinguishment of a fire and/or offensively during fire attack to improve firefighting conditions. PPV has proven that it can be a useful tool on the fire ground, but it can also kill or injure fire fighters and civilians if used improperly. Data from three full-scale experiments are compared with simulations completed with the computational fluid dynamic model Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS). The full-scale experiments characterize a Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) fan in an open atmosphere, in a simple room geometry and in a room fire. All experiments qualify and quantify the comparison of the experimental results with the FDS results. A concluding scenario is modeled utilizing the calibration of the full-scale experiments to examine the effects of PPV on a fire in a two-story, colonial style house.

Download or read book Modeling and Characterizing Bi directional Airflow in Natural Ventilation written by Qin Zhang (S.M.) and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bi-directional airflow in natural ventilation is an essential but not-well-understood scenario due to the complexity of airflow patterns as well as the strong coupling effect between temperature and ventilation. Neglecting bi-directional natural ventilation will result in problematic solutions and inaccuracy in estimation of ventilation performance. This work is focused on filling the knowledge gap by understanding the bi-directional airflow using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Two important scenarios are simulated and analyzed: 1. Two-zone model with pure buoyancy forces, 2. Multi-zone model with combined wind and buoyancy forces. In the 1st model, a new concept of "local discharge coefficient" is proposed for its consistency under different boundary conditions. The influence of radiative heat transfer on simulation accuracy and ventilation performance is also investigated. In the 2nd model, the transient behaviors of airflow and the dynamics of wind and buoyant forces are analyzed and characterized. A new physical model is proposed based on simplified assumptions and nondimensionalization. This model is able to predicting the transient behavior of multi-zonal ventilation that involves bidirectional airflow patterns. The result of this study is to be integrated in CoolVent, the software designed by Building Technology Lab.

Download or read book Experimental and Computational Characterization of Strong Vent Flow Enclosure Fires written by Craig George Weinschenk and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Firefighters often arrive at structures in which the state of fire progression can be described as ventilation-controlled or under-ventilated. This means that inside the enclosure the pyrolyzed fuel has consumed most, if not all of the available oxygen, resulting in incomplete combustion. Under-ventilated (fuel rich) combustion is particularly dangerous to occupants because of the high yield of toxins such as carbon monoxide and to firefighters because once firefighters enter the structure and introduce oxidizer, the environment can rapidly change into a very dangerous, fast burning condition. The fuel load in many compartment fires would support a several megawatt fire if the fire were not ventilation controlled. In the process of making entrance to the fire compartment, firefighters will likely provide additional ventilation paths for the fire and may initiate firefighting tactics like positive pressure ventilation to push the hot flammable combustion products out of the attack pathway. Forced ventilation creates a strongly mixed flow within the fire compartment. Ventilation creates a complex fluid mechanics and combustion environment that is generally not analyzed on the scale of compartment fires. To better understand the complex coupling of these phenomena, compartment scale non-reacting and reacting experiments were conducted. The experiments, which were conducted at The University of Texas at Austin's fire research facility, were designed to gain insight into the effects of ventilation on compartment thermal characteristics. Computational models (low and high order) were used to augment the non-reacting and reacting experimental results. Though computationally expensive, computational fluid dynamics models provided significant detail into the coupling of buoyantly driven fire products with externally applied wind or fan flow. A partially stirred reactor model was used to describe strongly driven fire compartment combustion processes because previously there was not an appropriate low dimensional computational tool applicable to this type of problem. This dissertation will focus on the experimental and computational characterization of strong vent flows on single room enclosure fires.

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics in Ventilation Design written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Computational Fluid and Particle Dynamics in the Human Respiratory System written by Jiyuan Tu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-18 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional research methodologies in the human respiratory system have always been challenging due to their invasive nature. Recent advances in medical imaging and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have accelerated this research. This book compiles and details recent advances in the modelling of the respiratory system for researchers, engineers, scientists, and health practitioners. It breaks down the complexities of this field and provides both students and scientists with an introduction and starting point to the physiology of the respiratory system, fluid dynamics and advanced CFD modeling tools. In addition to a brief introduction to the physics of the respiratory system and an overview of computational methods, the book contains best-practice guidelines for establishing high-quality computational models and simulations. Inspiration for new simulations can be gained through innovative case studies as well as hands-on practice using pre-made computational code. Last but not least, students and researchers are presented the latest biomedical research activities, and the computational visualizations will enhance their understanding of physiological functions of the respiratory system.

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics in Ventilation written by P. V. Nielsen and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Computational Studies of Parameters Affecting Positive Pressure Ventilation in Compartment Fires and Cold Flow Experiments in a One Room Burn Structure written by Colin McCartney Beal and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Animal Biomechanics Application of the Biomedical Engineering to the Veterinary Sciences for the Animal Healthcare written by Mauro Malvè and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-04-01 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Modelling of Ventilation related Flows Using Computational Fluid Dynamics written by Norman Rhodes and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Innovative Biosystems Engineering for Sustainable Agriculture Forestry and Food Production written by Antonio Coppola and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of innovative biosystems engineering for sustainable agriculture, forestry and food production. Focusing on the challenges of implementing sustainability in various contexts in the fields of biosystems engineering, it shows how the research has addressed the sustainable use of renewable and non-renewable resources. It also presents possible solutions to help achieve sustainable production. The Mid-Term Conference of the Italian Association of Agricultural Engineering (AIIA) is part of a series of conferences, seminars and meetings that the AIIA organizes, together with other public and private stakeholders, to promote the creation and dissemination of new knowledge in the sector. The contributions included in the book were selected by means of a rigorous peer-review process, and offer an extensive and multidisciplinary overview of interesting solutions in the field of innovative biosystems engineering for sustainable agriculture.

Download or read book Fluid Mechanics Aspects of Fire and Smoke Dynamics in Enclosures written by Bart Merci and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-03-30 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims at fulfilling the need for a handbook at undergraduate and starting researcher level on fire and smoke dynamics in enclosures, giving fluid mechanics aspects a central role. Fluid mechanics are essential at the level of combustion, heat transfer and fire suppression, but they are described only cursorily in most of the existing fire safety science literature, including handbooks. The scope of this handbook ranges from the discussion of the basic equations for turbulent flows with combustion, through a discussion on the structure of flames, to fire and smoke plumes and their interaction with enclosure boundaries. Using this knowledge, the fire dynamics and smoke and heat control in enclosures are discussed. Subsequently, a chapter is devoted to the effect of water and the related fluid mechanics aspects. The book concludes with a chapter on CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), the increasingly popular calculation method in the field of fire safety science.

Download or read book Determining Pressure Coefficients for Natural Ventilation Purproses by Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling written by Timothy Richard Eric LaFrance and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This research is concerned with improving the control of natural ventilation. Pressure coefficients at the vent openings of a naturally ventilated six bay greenhouse were found for varying wind directions, wind speeds, and vent opening configurations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). These pressure coefficients can be used in a quick running program developed by Brockett and Aibright (1987) for real time control of ventilation rates. The real time control program uses sensors to detect climatic variables and solves a series of equations based on the pressure difference method to determine air flow through vent openings. The program then adjusts vent openings to control the airflow through each vent. The program has been shown to accurately predict mass flow rates given good pressure coefficients. Validating the accuracy of the pressure coefficients was done by comparing air exchange rates and mass flow rates through each vent opening using results from both the real time control program with the CFD computed pressure coefficients as input and results from the CFD simulations. The results were compared under different scenarios, and there was a good agreement between the two programs in determining both total air exchange rates (R2=O.98) and mass flow through vent openings (R2=O.97)

Download or read book Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations on the Natural Ventilation Bahaviour Within a Building Cluster written by On-Pong Cheung and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations on the Natural Ventilation Bahaviour Within a Building Cluster" by On-pong, Cheung, 張安邦, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. DOI: 10.5353/th_b4559008 Subjects: Fluid dynamics - Mathematical models Natural ventilation - Mathematical models

Download or read book Characterization of Peak Inspiratory Flow and Alveolar Ventilation During Maximal Arm Crank Exercise With and Without Inspiratory Airflow Resistance written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Army requires an accurate understanding of ventilatory requirements for combat vehicle crewmen. This study was conducted to measure 3 specific ventilatory parameters in exercising soldiers so that (1) Army engineers would be able to optimize design specifications for tank air delivery systems, (2) strategists would be better able to develop doctrine regarding use of the disconnected protective mask apparatus (Mission Oriented Protective Posture Gear), and (3) military planners would be better able to predict carbon monoxide hazards for tank crewmen. The objective of the current protocol was to measure maximal human ventilatory parameters during upper body exercise to extend the application of observations made during a previous field study of tank crewman's requirements. This study will provide measurements of peak inspiratory flow V sub i peak), estimates of alveolar ventilation (v sub A), and understanding of respiratory muscle fatigue.