Download or read book Characterization of the Cure of Carbon Fiber Epoxy Composite Prepregs by Differential Scanning Calorimetry written by RJ. Morgan and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Fibers on the Cure Characteristics of Carbon reinforced Epoxy Composites written by Cheryl Ann Schwalm and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics written by ASM International and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The selection and application of engineered materials is an integrated process that requires an understanding of the interaction between materials properties, manufacturing characteristics, design considerations, and the total life cycle of the product. This reference book on engineering plastics provides practical and comprehensive coverage on how the performance of plastics is characterized during design, property testing, and failure analysis. The fundamental structure and properties of plastics are reviewed for general reference, and detailed articles describe the important design factors, properties, and failure mechanisms of plastics. The effects of composition, processing, and structure are detailed in articles on the physical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Other articles cover failure mechanisms such as: crazing and fracture; impact loading; fatigue failure; wear failures, moisture related failure; organic chemical related failure; photolytic degradation; and microbial degradation. Characterization of plastics in failure analysis is described with additional articles on analysis of structure, surface analysis, and fractography.
Download or read book Quantitative Thermal Characterization of Carbon epoxy Composites Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Thermogravimetric Analysis written by Denis Noël and published by . This book was released on 1987* with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polymer Matrix Composites Guidelines for Characterization of Structural Materials written by Composite Materials Handbook – 17 (CMH-17) and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2022-09-06 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first volume of this six-volume compendium contains guidelines for determining the properties of polymer matrix composite material systems and their constituents, as well as the properties of generic structural elements, including test planning, test matrices, sampling, conditioning, test procedure selection, data reporting, data reduction, statistical analysis, and other related topics. Special attention is given to the statistical treatment and analysis of data. Volume 1 contains guidelines for general development of material characterization data as well as specific requirements for publication of material data in CMH-17. The primary purpose of this volume of the handbook is to document industry best-practices for engineering methodologies related to testing, data reduction, and reporting of property data for current and emerging composite materials. It is used by engineers worldwide in designing and fabricating products made from composite materials. The Composite Materials Handbook, referred to by industry groups as CMH-17, is a six-volume engineering reference tool that contains thousands of records of the latest test data for polymer matrix, metal matrix, ceramic matrix, and structural sandwich composites. CMH-17 provides information and guidance necessary to design, analyze, fabricate, certify and support end items using composite materials. It includes properties of composite materials that meet specific data requirements as well as guidelines for design, analysis, material selection, manufacturing, quality control, and repair.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In situ Cure Monitoring and Characterization of Graphite epoxy Composites Using Fiber Optics and Ultrasonics written by Jianyin Chen and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced composites can be fabricated by laminating multiple plies into the desired shape, and then cured in an autoclave with simultaneous application of proper heat and pressure. The knowledge of the cure process is very important in order to obtain fully cured and high-quality composites. In-situ sensors capable of monitoring the change of physical and chemical properties during the cure process are therefore desirable. The major aspects of research in this thesis are as follows: The chemical kinetic and rheological properties of AS4/3501-6 Graphite/Epoxy composites are characterized by using Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer. This indicates that at 176°C, the cure reaction is almost fully completed after 60 minutes, and increasing cure temperature results in a noticeable decrease in loss tan 6 and a profound increase in the Tg. Ultrasonic characterization shows that the moduli of 3501-6 epoxy increase with increasing cure temperature, whereas the moduli of AS4/3501-6 composite reach their maximum around 176°C. Also, the moduli of the composite increase with increasing cure time, whereas the moduli of the epoxy, after being cured at 176°C for 80 minutes, exhibit no change. A state-of-the-art fiber-optic and ultrasonic cure processing monitoring system is developed, which consists of ultrasonic transducers with clad buffer rods, Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometric fiber-optic sensors, and a special autoclave feedthrough. This system is workable in an autoclave at high temperature and gas pressure, has high ultrasonic signal to spurious noise ratio, and is suited for longitudinal and/or shear wave measurement. The development of properties of the curing AS4/3501-6 composite is monitored by using in-situ fiber-optic and/or ultrasonic sensors, indicating that (1) both sensors can sense the gelation period; (2) the ultrasonic sensor is able to determine the end-of-cure, while the fiber-optic sensor is not; (3) during the cool-down period the development of thermal mismatch strains between the mold plates and the composite panel, prior to and after the detachment, can be detected by the fiber-optic sensor.
Download or read book NASA Reference Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the American Society for Composites Technical Conference written by American Society for Composites. Technical Conference and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Composites Engineering Handbook written by P.K. Mallick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-03-19 with total page 1270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers information on the fundamental principles, processes, methods and procedures related to fibre-reinforced composites. The book presents a comparative view, and provides design properties of polymeric, metal, ceramic and cement matrix composites. It also gives current test methods, joining techniques and design methodologies.
Download or read book American Society for Composites written by Michael Hyer and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 2760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reinforced Epoxy Resin Cure Assessment in Composite Materials written by G. Zaffaroni and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of three degrees of cure (low, standard and postcured) on two carbon reinforced epoxy resins are examined. The polymerization degree is tentatively assessed by thermal analysis techniques, namely by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA). The effects on both static mechanical and fracture toughness properties have been checked. It has been found that the glass transition temperature measured by DMA is the parameter, among those studied (both thermal and mechanical), that is more sensitive to the cure degrees.
Download or read book Resin Film Infusion Process for Carbon Fiber Epoxy Composite Plates written by Arya Roessler and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) have been heavily used in the aerospace industry the past few decades due to their high specific properties when compared to traditional metals. Structural aerospace parts are made from carbon fiber fabric pre-impregnated with a resin system (prepregs). Traditionally, consolidating the prepregs in autoclaves is the preferred method of manufacturing CFRPs for the aerospace industry because of the resulting high-quality parts. Recently, out-of-autoclave (OOA) prepregs have been pursued instead of autoclave prepregs that come with the high startup and operating costs. Producing CFRPs using OOA prepregs will reduce costs, but some challenges exist because only atmospheric pressure (101 kPa) is applied to the part while curing, resulting in potentially more voids. Advancements in the cure kinetics of resin systems have decreased the void content in CFRPs fabricated with OOA prepregs, allowing them to become useful for aerospace applications, but more studies are necessary to understand the epoxy infiltration behaviors during the OOA process, especially as nanofillers are added in the future. In this thesis, the benefits and challenges of fabricating CFRPs through the OOA process are investigated along with the main objective of developing an OOA/VBO process using B-staged epoxy layers. To achieve this objective, three research tasks were set forth. First, thermal analysis was conducted on the EPON 862/Epikure W (862/W) epoxy resin system using a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) machine. Three experiments with sample masses of 4 -- 5 mg were conducted to determine the average total heat of reaction, H_r, of the 862/W resin system and the average glass transition temperature, T_g. The H_r was compared to the heat of reaction of an 862/W sample at 121°C to determine the predicted degree of cure. Second, using the evaluated curing behavior, a B-staging process was established for the 862/W epoxy resin system that effectively infiltrates dry carbon fabric layers, while remaining handleable. Different combinations of B-staged epoxy layers (1, 2 and 3 layers) and dry unidirectional carbon fabric (8, 16, and 24 layers) were cured through an OOA/VBO process to create carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) plates. By decreasing the B-staging curing time to 30 minutes at 121°C, adding a sealant tape edge dam to restrict lateral resin flow, and adding a vacuum compaction step to the OOA/VBO process steps, the B-staged epoxy layers effectively infiltrated the dry carbon fabric. Third, the prepared CFRP plates were tested for interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) through short beam shear (SBS) testing to evaluate the effectiveness of the OOA process with three B-staged epoxy layers. The average interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the OOA plate fabricated with three B-staged epoxy layers was 34.28 + 2.83 MPa according to the standard calculation formula in ASTM D2344, which was higher than that of a reference plate fabricated through the wet-layup process, 27.42 + 0.86 MPa. These seemingly low ILSS values were attributed to the atypical location of interlaminar failure along the stitching threads holding the dry unidirectional fibers together. The ILSS of the OOA plate was re-calculated based on the actual failure location as 27.02 + 2.45 MPa and the wet-layup plate as 20.39 + 6.09 MPa. The void volume fraction of the OOA plate manufactured using three B-staged epoxy layers was 1.20% compared with 5.30% for the plate fabricated with the wet-layup process. With the information provided by SBS testing and optical microscopy, the OOA plate provides evidence that the B-staging and OOA/VBO process stated in this thesis produces CFRPs with better results than the traditional wet-layup procedure. A 20% increase in ILSS and a 4.10% decrease in void content was observed for the OOA plates with B-staged epoxy layers when compared to a reference wet-layup plate. For future SBS tests, choosing a different unidirectional carbon fabric is necessary to limit the failure of the specimens at the locations of stitching. The B-staging and OOA/VBO process developed in this thesis will be useful in the next steps to integrate carbon nanotubes into CFRPs to increase their ILSS.
Download or read book The ACEE Program and Basic Composites Research at Langley Research Center 1975 to 1986 written by Marvin B. Dow and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Characterization and Two step Cure Kinetics of a High Performance Epoxy Adhesive System written by Joel D. Flores and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Author's abstract] The cure kinetics of a high performance epoxy adhesive system based on TGDDM/DGEBA/DDS/DICY and toughened with carboxy terminated poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene) rubber with aluminum filler was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. Three different sets of experiments were performed to follow the cure kinetics of the adhesive in a multi-step cure cycle. Three-dimensional plots of data entered into a surface-fitting software allowed for the interpolation of the degree and rate of cure as functions of heating rate and temperature, time and temperature, or time and initial degree of cure. Isothermal cure was modeled successfully using the kinetic model of Kamal. The gel point of the adhesive was measured using dynamic shear rheometry under isothermal conditions. Methods were developed to combine ramp and soak segments so that both the conversion (a) and rate of cure (da/dt) can be followed through a two-step cure cycle of the type used to cure composite prepreg and adhesive in an industrial setting.
Download or read book Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimetry written by Mike Reading and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-02-22 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MTDSC provides a step-change increase in the power of calorimetry to characterize virtually all polymer systems including curing systems, blends and semicrystalline polymers. It enables hidden transitions to be revealed, miscibility to be accurately assessed, and phases and interfaces in complex blends to be quantified. It also enables crystallinity in complex systems to be measured and provides new insights into melting behaviour. All of this is achieved by a simple modification of conventional DSC. In 1992 a new calorimetric technique was introduced that superimposed a small modulation on top of the conventional linear temperature program typically used in differential scanning calorimetry. This was combined with a method of data analysis that enabled the sample’s response to the linear component of the temperature program to be separated from its response to the periodic component. In this way, for the first time, a signal equivalent to that of conventional DSC was obtained simultaneously with a measure of the sample’s heat capacity from the modulation. The new information this provided sparked a revolution in scanning calorimetry by enabling new insights to be gained into almost all aspects of polymer characteristics. This book provides both a basic and advanced treatment of the theory of the technique followed by a detailed exposition of its application to reacting systems, blends and semicrystalline polymers by the leaders in all of these fields. It is an essential text for anybody interested in calorimetry or polymer characterization, especially if they have found that conventional DSC cannot help them with their problems.
Download or read book Engineered Materials Handbook written by Cyril A. Dostal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1988-11-01 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
