Download or read book Characterization of Microbial Cell Membrane and Nanoparticle Interactions written by Darryl Nathaniel Williams and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterizing Nanoparticle Interactions at the Cellular Membrane written by Arielle Christen Mensch and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the use of nanotechnology continues to rise, the release of engineered nanomaterials into the environment becomes inevitable. A need exists to understand the implications of engineered nanomaterials and to develop sustainable alternatives as adverse impacts are uncovered. In order to reduce any negative impacts of nanomaterials and exploit any beneficial impacts, the field of environmental nanotechnology must aim to understand the behavior of nanomaterials in complex environments through the use of [in situ] analytical methods and utilize model systems (both in terms of nanomaterials and organisms) to determine the chemical factors that drive nanoparticle behavior. The work presented here focuses on the cellular membrane, which is hypothesized to be the first point of contact between a nanomaterial and an organism. The characterization of different models cellular membranes and the characterization of nanoparticle interactions at these model membranes are presented. First, we investigated the impact of natural organic matter (NOM), which is found ubiquitously in the environment, on the interactions between polymer wrapped diamond nanoparticles (DNPs) and lipopolysaccharide-containing supported lipid bilayers, a model for Gram-negative bacteria cell membranes. To demonstrate the relevance of our model system we extended our study to include experiments using a Gram-negative bacterium, [Shewanella oneidensis] MR-1. We found that NOM impacted the hydrodynamic and electrokinetic properties of DNPs in a concentration dependent manner, which altered subsequent interactions with both model and actual biological membranes. Our results demonstrate that the effects of NOM coronas on nanoparticle properties and interactions with biological surfaces can depend on the relative amounts of NOM and nanoparticles. We then examined the impact of polymer wrapped quantum dots (QDs) on supported lipid bilayers containing important biomolecules found in the outer membrane of eukaryotic cells (cholesterol and sphingomyelin). We used [in situ] analytical methods to study these interactions in real time and found that the QDs caused structural changes to the bilayers studied. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring coupled with nanoplasmonic sensing revealed favorable interaction between the QDs and the bilayers. Increases in dissipation and apparent mass gains upon rinse suggested structural rearrangement was occurring. Time-lapsed atomic force microscopy confirmed this hypothesis and revealed the disappearance of phase-segregated domains upon interaction with the QDs. Our results demonstrate the importance of using complementary [in situ] analytical methods to understand the complex interactions that occur at the cellular membrane. We next demonstrate the powerful capabilities of atomic force microscopy for imaging and characterizing biological membranes. We investigate the impact of the substrate in the formation and characteristics of phase-segregated domains in supported lipid bilayers. We considered commonly used substrates in different analytical techniques (e.g., mica, silica, and glass). We discussed the importance of considering the substrate in drawing conclusions across different techniques. We also demonstrated the spatial and temporal correlation of atomic force and fluorescence microscopy. Finally, we extended our work using atomic force microscopy and developed a protocol to image and characterize the mechanical properties of fixed and live rainbow trout ([Oncorhynchus mykiss]) gill epithelial cells. We discussed various experimental variables such as instrumental parameters, type of AFM probe used, and the confluency of the cells on the substrate. We found that the ideal imaging conditions included using an AFM probe with a low spring constant and relatively dull tip, working with cells grown to ~75% confluency, and scanning at low speeds, high amplitudes, and minimal forces. We showed that fixed trout gill cells had an increased height and modulus value as compared to live cells. This work demonstrated the first example of AFM imaging and mechanical mapping on either fixed or live trout gill cells and set a protocol to examine the impacts of different stressors, such as nanomaterials, on trout gill cells.
Download or read book Interactions of Bacteria and Viruses with Membranes and Nanoparticles written by Appala Raju Badireddy and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Micro Raman Spectroscopy written by Jürgen Popp and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-02-10 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micro-Raman Spectroscopy introduces readers to the theory and application of Raman microscopy. Raman microscopy is used to study the chemical signature of samples with little preperation in a non-destructive manner. An easy to use technique with ever increasing technological advances, Micro-Raman has significant application for researchers in the fields of materials science, medicine, pharmaceuticals, and chemistry.
Download or read book Microbial Interactions at Nanobiotechnology Interfaces written by R. Navanietha Krishnaraj and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-11-02 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MICROBIAL INTERACTIONS AT NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY INTERFACES This book covers a wide range of topics including synthesis of nanomaterials with specific size, shape, and properties, structure-function relationships, tailoring the surface of nanomaterials for improving the properties, interaction of nanomaterials with proteins/microorganism/eukaryotic cells, and applications in different sectors. This book also provides a strong foundation for researchers who are interested to venture into developing functionalized nanomaterials for any biological applications in their research. Practical concepts such as modelling nanomaterials, and simulating the molecular interactions with biomolecules, transcriptomic or genomic approaches, advanced imaging techniques to investigate the functionalization of nanomaterials/interaction of nanomaterials with biomolecules and microorganisms are some of the chapters that offer significant benefits to the researchers.
Download or read book Multiscale Biomechanics and Tribology of Inorganic and Organic Systems written by Georg-Peter Ostermeyer and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book gathers authoritative contributions concerning multiscale problems in biomechanics, geomechanics, materials science and tribology. It is written in memory of Sergey Grigorievich Psakhie to feature various aspects of his multifaceted research interests, ranging from theoretical physics, computer modeling of materials and material characterization at the atomic scale, to applications in space industry, medicine and geotectonics, and including organizational, psychological and philosophical aspects of scientific research and teaching as well. This book covers new advances relating to orthopedic implants, concerning the physiological, tribological and materials aspects of their behavior; medical and geological applications of permeable fluid-saturated materials; earthquake dynamics together with aspects relating to their managed and gentle release; lubrication, wear and material transfer in natural and artificial joints; material research in manufacturing processes; hard-soft matter interaction, including adhesive and capillary effects; using nanostructures for influencing living cells and for cancer treatment; manufacturing of surfaces with desired properties; self-organization of hierarchical structures during plastic deformation and thermal treatment; mechanics of composites and coatings; and many more. Covering established knowledge as well as new models and methods, this book provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the field, yet also with extensive details on each single topic.
Download or read book Phospholipid Bilayers written by Gregor Cevc and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1987-05-04 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the principles underlying the fundamental physical properties of phospholipid bilayer membranes and summarizes current research in the field and directions for research. Covers the various methods of approach, summarizes a range of specific models, and gives detailed accounts of those models most useful for future work. Introduces the subject in a way that is accessible to those with little background in the subject, while presenting information at the forefront of current knowledge concerning it.
Download or read book Nanopharmaceuticals Principles and Applications Vol 3 written by Vinod Kumar Yata and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the third volume on this subject and focuses on the recent advances of nanopharmaceuticals in cancer, dental, dermal and drug delivery applications and presents their safety, toxicity and therapeutic efficacy. The book also includes the transport phenomenon of nanomaterials and important pathways for drug delivery applications. It goes on to explain the toxicity of nanoparticles to different physiological systems and methods used to assess this for different organ systems using examples of in vivo systems.
Download or read book Microbial Cell Surface Analysis written by Nava Mozes and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 1991 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Chemistry of Nanobiomaterials written by Alexandru Grumezescu and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface Chemistry of Nanobiomaterials brings together the most recent findings regarding the surface modification of currently used nanomaterials, which is a field that has become increasingly important during the last decade. This book enables the results of current research to reach those who wish to use this knowledge in an applied setting. Leading researchers from around the world present various types of nanobiomaterials, such as quantum dots (QDs), carbon nanotubes, silver nanoparticles, copper oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, magnetite, hydroxyapatite and graphene, and discuss their related functionalization strategies. This book will be of interest to postdoctoral researchers, professors and students engaged in the fields of materials science, biotechnology and applied chemistry. It will also be highly valuable to those working in industry, including pharmaceutics and biotechnology companies, medical researchers, biomedical engineers and advanced clinicians. An up-to-date and highly structured reference source for researchers, practitioners and students working in biomedical, biotechnological and engineering fields A valuable guide to recent scientific developments, covering major and emerging applications of nanomaterials in the biomedical field Proposes novel opportunities and ideas for developing or improving technologies in nanomedicine and nanobiology
Download or read book Metal Nanoparticles in Microbiology written by Mahendra Rai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following an introduction to biogenic metal nanoparticles, this book presents how they can be biosynthesized using bacteria, fungi and yeast, as well as their potential applications in biomedicine. It is shown that the synthesis of nanoparticles using microbes is eco-friendly and results in reproducible metal nanoparticles of well-defined sizes, shapes and structures. This biotechnological approach based on the process of biomineralization exploits the effectiveness and flexibility of biological systems. Chapters include practical protocols for microbial synthesis of nanoparticles and microbial screening methods for isolating a specific nanoparticle producer as well as reviews on process optimization, industrial scale production, biomolecule-nanoparticle interactions, magnetosomes, silver nanoparticles and their numerous applications in medicine, and the application of gold nanoparticles in developing sensitive biosensors.
Download or read book Atomic Force Microscopy written by Nuno C. Santos and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide examples of applications of atomic force microscopy (AFM) using biological samples, showing different methods for AFM sample preparation, data acquisition and processing, and avoiding technical problems. Divided into two sections, chapters guide readers through image artifacts, process and quantitatively analyze AFM images, lipid bilayers, image DNA-protein complexes, AFM cell topography, single-molecule force spectroscopy, single-molecule dynamic force spectroscopy, fluorescence methodologies, molecular recognition force spectroscopy, biomechanical characterization, AFM-based biosensor setup, and detail how to implement such an in vitro system, which can monitor cardiac electrophysiology, intracellular calcium dynamics, and single cell mechanics. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Atomic Force Microscopy: Methods and Protocols is useful for researchers at different stages, from newcomers to experienced users, interested in new AFM applications.
Download or read book Metal Nanoparticles in Pharma written by Mahendra Rai, Ph.D and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-14 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely dedicated to the biomedical applications of metal nanoparticles, this book covers the different toxicity problems found in healthcare situations and also provides comprehensive info on the use of metal nanoparticles in treating various diseases. Metal Nanoparticles in Pharma is the first edited volume to set up the discussion for a clinical setting and to target a pharmaceutical audience of academic and industry-based researchers.
Download or read book Nanomaterials Ecotoxicity Safety and Public Perception written by Mahendra Rai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The environment is prone to suffer pollution and toxic insult from generations of nanomaterials as well from accidental releases during production, transportation, and disposal operations. The NMs could interact with and cause adverse biological effects at cellular, subcellular, and molecular levels. Assessing potential environmental/ecological risks requires quality information on transport and fate of nanoparticles in the environment, exposures and vulnerabilities of organisms to the nanomaterials and standard methods for assessing toxicity for aquatic or terrestrial organisms and human health. The systematic risk characterization and evaluation of the safety of nanomaterials require a multidisciplinary approach and convergence of knowledge and efforts from researchers and experts from toxicology, biotechnology, materials science, chemistry, physics, engineering, and other branches of life sciences. Although studies are beginning to appear in the literature addressing the toxicity of various nanomaterials and their potential for exposure, at this stage definitive statements regarding the impacts of nanomaterials on human health and the environment remain sketchy requiring an increased level of precautions with regard to nanomaterials, as has happened with other emerging contaminants and technologies (e.g., biotechnology). The need for an increased level of understanding the perception of risk and of benefits will vary and is likely to influence public, regulatory, and non-governmental activities regarding risk and benefit evaluations. Systematic identification and assessment of the risks posed by any new technology are essential. A prudent, integrated, and holistic approach is required to develop best practices based on the scientific understanding about what we know and what we don’t know but need to know. Nanomaterials addresses key issues of ecotoxicological actions and effects of nanomaterials on life and environment, their threats, vulnerability, risks, and public perception. The readers learn to read bad news objectively and think about and search for ecological ‘green’ solutions to current environmental and ecological problems with blue, grey, brown, and red shades for building a sustainable ecosystem. It shows how this molecular terrain is a common ground for interdisciplinary research and education that will be an essential component of science, engineering and technology in the future. The book is divided into three sections. Section I includes general topics related to ecotoxicity of nanomaterials to microbes, plants, human and environment. Section 2 incorporates risks generated by the use of nanomaterials. Section 3 discusss safety issues and the public.
Download or read book Nanoparticle Protein Corona written by Ashutosh Kumar and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoparticles have numerous biomedical applications including drug delivery, bone implants and imaging. A protein corona is formed when proteins existing in a biological system cover the nanoparticle surface. The formation of a nanoparticle–protein corona, changes the behaviour of the nanoparticle, resulting in new biological characteristics and influencing the circulation lifetime, accumulation, toxicity, cellular uptake and agglomeration. This book provides a detailed understanding of nanoparticle–protein corona formation, its biological significance and the factors that govern the formation of coronas. It also explains the impact of nanoparticle–protein interactions on biological assays, ecotoxicity studies and proteomics research. It will be of interest to researchers studying the application of nanoparticles as well as toxicologists and pharmaceutical chemists.
Download or read book Research Anthology on Synthesis Characterization and Applications of Nanomaterials written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-03-19 with total page 1917 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of nanotechnologies continues to grow, as nanomaterials have proven their versatility and use in many different fields and industries within the scientific profession. Using nanotechnology, materials can be made lighter, more durable, more reactive, and more efficient leading nanoscale materials to enhance many everyday products and processes. With many different sizes, shapes, and internal structures, the applications are endless. These uses range from pharmaceutics to materials such as cement or cloth, electronics, environmental sustainability, and more. Therefore, there has been a recent surge of research focused on the synthesis and characterizations of these nanomaterials to better understand how they can be used, their applications, and the many different types. The Research Anthology on Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Nanomaterials seeks to address not only how nanomaterials are created, used, or characterized, but also to apply this knowledge to the multidimensional industries, fields, and applications of nanomaterials and nanoscience. This includes topics such as both natural and manmade nanomaterials; the size, shape, reactivity, and other essential characteristics of nanomaterials; challenges and potential effects of using nanomaterials; and the advantages of nanomaterials with multidisciplinary uses. This book is ideally designed for researchers, engineers, practitioners, industrialists, educators, strategists, policymakers, scientists, and students working in fields that include materials engineering, engineering science, nanotechnology, biotechnology, microbiology, drug design and delivery, medicine, and more.
Download or read book Membrane Characterization written by Nidal Hilal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-02-18 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane Characterization provides a valuable source of information on how membranes are characterized, an extremely limited field that is confined to only brief descriptions in various technical papers available online. For the first time, readers will be able to understand the importance of membrane characterization, the techniques required, and the fundamental theory behind them. This book focuses on characterization techniques that are normally used for membranes prepared from polymeric, ceramic, and composite materials. Features specific details on many membrane characterization techniques for various membrane materials of industrial and academic interest Contains examples of international best practice techniques for the evaluation of several membrane parameters, including pore size, charge, and fouling Discusses various membrane models more suitable to a specific application Provides examples of ab initio calculations for the design, optimization, and scale-up of processes based on characterization data
