Download or read book Characterization and Environmental Management of Stormwater Runoff from Road salt Storage Facilities written by G. Michael Fitch and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this study were to assess the quantity and quality of salt-contaminated water generated from stormwater runoff at VDOT's salt storage facilities and to evaluate management/treatment alternatives to reduce costs and better protect the environment. Data regarding detention pond surface area and volume, runoff area, and several key water quality constituents were collected from five randomly selected storage facilities in each of VDOT's nine districts, for a total of 45 sampling sites. Chloride concentrations were significantly greater than state and federal regulatory guidelines for drinking water and surface water quality criteria, with values routinely exceeding 2000 mg/L. Concentrations of total suspended solids and oil and grease were less than expected, with averages of 20 and 2 mg/L, respectively. The quantity of stormwater collected was higher than anticipated, with approximately 60 MG of contaminated runoff water being generated in an average rainfall year. Even if only the runoff generated during the 5-month winter maintenance season is considered, the volume of salt-contaminated water is in excess of 30 MG. Two alternatives to VDOT's disposal practices were examined: (1) management strategies to reduce the volume of salt-contaminated stormwater runoff generated at each facility, and (2) treatment of the runoff to remove the salt and subsequent release of the runoff back to the environment. Currently, VDOT disposes of the salt water by one of three methods: (1) connecting directly to a publicly owned treatment works system, (2) pumping and transporting the salt water to such a system by tank truck, or (3) applying the salt water to gravel roads to suppress dust temporarily.The average per gallon cost of VDOT's current method of pumping and transporting to a publicly owned treatment works system is approximately $0.13. If VDOT used a mobile ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis system, this cost would be cut by more than half. The $0.047 per gallon cost is also 58 percent of the $0.08 per gallon cost VDOT pays to use the wastewater for dust control. For a statewide annual treatment volume of 58.6 MG, this would result in an annual cost savings of $1.9 million to $4.9 million. It appears that the reverse osmosis treatment technology is worthy of additional exploration to ensure that operation problems and costs do not preclude its use by VDOT.

Download or read book Sustainable Winter Road Operations written by Xianming Shi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-08-27 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first and only comprehensive guide to best practices in winter road operations Winter maintenance operations are essential to ensure the safety, mobility, and productivity of transportation systems, especially in cold-weather climates, and responsible agencies are continually challenged to provide a high level of service in a fiscally and environmentally responsible manner. Sustainable Winter Road Operations bridges the knowledge gaps, providing the first up-to-date, authoritative, single-source overview and guide to best practices in winter road operations that considers the triple bottom line of sustainability. With contributions from experts in the field from around the world, this book takes a holistic approach to the subject. The authors address the many negative impacts on regional economies and the environment of poorly planned and inadequate winter road operations, and they make a strong case for the myriad benefits of environmentally sustainable concepts and practices. Best practice applications of materials, processes, equipment, and associated technologies and how they can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of winter operations, optimize materials usage, and minimize cost, corrosion, and environmental impacts are all covered in depth. Provides the first up-to-date, authoritative and comprehensive overview of best practices in sustainable winter road operations currently in use around the world Covers materials, processes, equipment, and associated technologies for sustainable winter road operations Brings together contributions by an international all-star team of experts with extensive experience in designing, implementing, and managing sustainable winter road operations Designed to bring professionals involved in transportation and highway maintenance and control up to speed with current best practice Sustainable Winter Road Operations is essential reading for maintenance professionals dealing with snow and ice control operations on highways, motorways and local roads. It is a valuable source of information and guidance for decision makers, researchers, and engineers in transportation engineering involved in transportation and highway maintenance. And it is an ideal textbook for advanced-level courses in transportation engineering.

Download or read book Recycling of Salt contaminated Stormwater Runoff for Brine Production at Virginia Department of Transportation Road salt Storage Facilities written by G. Michael Fitch and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large part of the Virginia Department of Transportation's (VDOT's) maintenance effort comprises the implementation of its snow removal and ice control program. Earlier research confirmed that VDOT captures significant volumes of salt-laden stormwater runoff at its 300+ salt storage facilities throughout the state and that the disposal options for this water are limited and costly. Although VDOT is implementing recommended management options to reduce the quantity of salt water captured, this research was undertaken to determine the possibility of recycling salt-contaminated stormwater runoff for the purpose of producing brine that can be used for pre-wetting of granular NaCl and direct application. Laboratory and field tests were conducted using bench-scale brine generation equipment. In the laboratory phase, brine was produced using tap water while hydraulic retention times and water temperatures were varied to determine how these changes would affect the quantity and quality of brine production. Stormwater runoff from a storage pond without any previous treatment was used in the field phase to allow a better estimate of the potential effects of stormwater on the quality of the brine generated. Results showed that the optimum conditions for brine production were low hydraulic retention time (high flow rates) and high temperatures. The total suspended solids present in the stormwater runoff did not diminish the quality of the brine in the field tests. Based on historic precipitation and chemical application data, VDOT appears to capture sufficient volumes of water to meet the majority of its potential brine production needs. Further, significant economic benefits can be obtained by applying this recycling strategy, with the greatest benefits resulting from generating brine for both direct application and pre-wetting. Assuming average stormwater volume collection and average total NaCl application, VDOT can save approximately $3 million each year by generating brine for pre-wetting only versus approximately $6.5 million each year by generating brine for the combination of pre-wetting and direct application.

Download or read book Stormwater Runoff and Receiving Systems written by Edwin Herricks and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-07-25 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary focus of stormwater and urban runoff research during the past twenty-five years has been on the physical description and the chemical quality assessment of runoff events and the design and implementation of the best management practices to control these events. There is a definite need for more effective integration of receiving system issues in the management and regulation of stormwater runoff. This book successfully brings together a diverse group of environmental specialists to address the issues surrounding the assessment, management, and control of stormwater, and more specifically urban runoff, from a receiving system perspective. The book's emphasis on the receiving system is timely, coming during a period when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is placing increasing emphasis on wet weather conditions through a new permit program for stormwater runoff and a policy on combined sewer overflows. Stormwater Runoff and Receiving Systems covers biocriteria, assessment of receiving water integrity, and integrated watershed analysis-all aspects of current water quality management programs for both industrial and municipal areas. More than thirty chapters are divided into six sections, offering in-depth discussions on various issues relating to stormwater, urban runoff, and receiving systems; impacts; uncertainty and risk; study design; impact mitigation; and issues analysis. Anyone who deals with regulatory programs requiring stormwater effect assessment including more than sampling and analysis of chemical water quality parameters in effluents will find this reference particularly useful.

Download or read book Assessment of Soil and Wash Water Quality Beneath Salt spreader Racks written by Megan Fuller and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Virginia Department of Transportation's (VDOT) winter maintenance program hinges primarily on the use of granular NaCl for deicing. On average, VDOT applies more than 300,000 tons of NaCl each winter season. The majority of this salt is spread by way of salt-spreaders attached to dump trucks. The spreaders require cleaning and lubricating after each use. The purpose of this research was to determine if VDOT should provide an impermeable surface beneath the spreaders to prevent potential contamination resulting from lubrication and, if so, to determine if washing could occur on the same impermeable surface, thus reducing the number of times the spreaders are handled by providing a single location for washing and lubricating. The results showed that potentially significant volumes of excess lubricants can be generated by way of the spreader lubrication process and that this excess should, therefore, be captured. In the majority of cases, this could be done by means of a drip pan or similar device. Because of dilution, if washing and lubrication were to occur at the same location and the wash water and lubricant mixture were contained and conveyed to the nearby salt ponds, lubricant concentrations found in the pond water would be relatively low. Although laboratory results indicate that these concentrations could be reduced even further by way of an in-line organoclay filter, this method of lubricant capture would be more expensive and labor intensive than the simple use of drip pans. Although paving beneath existing spreader racks was not advised unless other provisions for washing at the spreader racks are also made available, proposed best management practices were developed for three different site conditions that are likely to be found at VDOT's maintenance facilities. The benefits of following these practices include decreased potential for soil contamination beneath spreader racks and decreased potential for wash water runoff contamination and associated salt pond contamination.

Download or read book Strategies to Mitigate the Impacts of Chloride Roadway Deicers on the Natural Environment written by Laura Fay and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 449 : Strategies to Mitigate the Impacts of Chloride Roadway Deicers on the Natural Environment documents the range of methods, tools, and techniques used by transportation agencies to minimize the environmental impact of chloride-based roadway deicers"--Publisher's description.

Download or read book Urban Stormwater Management in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid conversion of land to urban and suburban areas has profoundly altered how water flows during and following storm events, putting higher volumes of water and more pollutants into the nation's rivers, lakes, and estuaries. These changes have degraded water quality and habitat in virtually every urban stream system. The Clean Water Act regulatory framework for addressing sewage and industrial wastes is not well suited to the more difficult problem of stormwater discharges. This book calls for an entirely new permitting structure that would put authority and accountability for stormwater discharges at the municipal level. A number of additional actions, such as conserving natural areas, reducing hard surface cover (e.g., roads and parking lots), and retrofitting urban areas with features that hold and treat stormwater, are recommended.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Urban Runoff Management written by Earl Shaver and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Potential Use of Reverse Osmosis in Managing Saltwater Waste Collected at Road salt Storage Facilites sic written by G. Michael Fitch and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The implementation of its anti-icing program comprises a large part of the Virginia Department of Transportation's (VDOT) maintenance effort. Earlier research confirmed that VDOT captures a large volume of salt-laden stormwater runoff at its 300+ salt storage facilities throughout the state and that the disposal options for this water are limited and costly. Although VDOT is implementing recommended management options to reduce the quantity of saltwater captured, this research was undertaken to determine if the use of reverse osmosis (RO) is a feasible method of treating the captured water. Field and laboratory tests were conducted using RO to treat stormwater containing high levels of NaCl. The results of these tests suggest that RO is a feasible method to reduce the levels of Cl to less than 250 mg/L for nearly all initial levels of NaCl found in VDOT's stormwater ponds. However, the RO system tested would not be capable of reducing Cl levels to 25 mg/L for all NaCl concentrations found throughout the state. Overall, although RO proved to be quite successful at reducing the levels of Cl, pretreating the stormwater to reduce the turbidity levels of the runoff water before it entered the RO system was very difficult, but achievable.

Download or read book Draft Environmental Assessment written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chemical Deicers and the Environment written by Frank M. D'Itri and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-03-30 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical Deicers and the Environment provides a complete discussion of chemical deicer technology and history in the United States and Canada. The book describes engineering applications, maintenance procedures, economic evaluations, in addition to environmental problems and concerns relative to the use of chemical deicing. It also provides a technical appraisal of the latest technology to stimulate further research and discussion directed toward achieving a more integrated approach for the application of new deicers that will protect motor vehicles, highways and infrastructures, and the environment. Chemical Deicers and the Environment will be a useful reference volume for scientists, legislators, transportation engineers, environmentalists, consultants, and concerned individuals interested in learning about the economic and environmental advantages and disadvantages of today's chemical deicers.

Download or read book Statistical Characterization of Stormwater Runoff and Environmental Implications written by Md. Sabbir Mostafa Khan and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Management Practices for Mitigation of Highway Stormwater Runoff Pollution Literature review written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Selected Urban Storm Water Runoff Abstracts written by Dorothy A. Sandoski and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NPDES Storm Water Sampling Guidance Document written by Washington Us Epa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-02-18 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NPDES Storm Water Sampling Guidance Document provides a comprehensive description of basic sampling requirements for NPDES storm water discharge permit applications and offers procedural guidance on how to conduct sampling. Many of the procedures in this manual are also applicable to the sampling requirements contained in NPDES storm water permits. Topics covered include background information and a summary of permit application requirements, the fundamentals of sampling (including obtaining flow data, handling samples, and sending them to the lab), analytical considerations, regulatory flexibility regarding storm water sampling, and health and safety considerations. This book will be a cornerstone of NPDES compliance for wastewater treatment plant managers and supervisors, consultants, laboratories, lab managers and chemists, regulators, current NPDES permit holders, and anyone applying for an NPDES permit.

Download or read book EPA 600 2 written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: