Download or read book Characteristics of Sovereign Wealth Fund Targets written by Philipp Reinhold and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2018 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 1,3, Technical University of Munich (TUM School of Management), language: English, abstract: Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) have reached an enormous financial power and have tripled their assets under management to 7.4 trillion American dollars during the past ten years. So far, academia has focused on the most obvious characteristic of SWFs, the state ownership, and relating governance issues. This thesis answers the question of whether there are certain company characteristics, which are preferred by SWFs when investing, and which characteristics influence the ex-post probability of becoming a SWF target. For this purpose, the selected sample is compared to a set of Year, Industry, Size, and MTBV matched peers. First, systematic differences between targets and peers are identified using t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test statistics. Second, the influence of variables on the ex-post probability of becoming a SWF target is analyzed using logistic panel regression models. The regression results are further discussed using odds ratios and marginal effects analysis. The main finding is that target companies are typically significantly larger than their matched peers, and the size of a company is identified to have the highest influence on the likelihood of becoming a target. This is accompanied by the finding that a higher proportion of held cash has a positive influence, and a higher book leverage ratio has a negative influence. Additionally, it is shown that there are no target characteristics, which would promote large or small-scale investments. As introduction into further research, it is analyzed how stock markets react on announced SWF investments. It is shown that excess returns of approximately one percent can be observed within a three-day event window.
Download or read book Economics of Sovereign Wealth Funds written by Mr.Udaibir S. Das and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-12-09 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers a wide range of topics of relevance to policymakers in countries that have sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) and those that receive SWF investments. Renowned experts in the field have contributed chapters. The book is organized around four themes: (1) the role and macrofinancial linkages of SWFs, (2) institutional factors, (3) investment approaches and financial markets, and (4) the postcrisis outlook. The book also discusses the challenges facing sovereign wealth funds in the coming years, from an inside perspective on countries, including Canada, Chile, China, Norway, Russia, and New Zealand. Economics of Sovereign Wealth Funds will contribute to a further understanding of the nature, strategies and behavior of SWFs and the environment in which they operate, as their importance is likely to grow in the coming years.
Download or read book Friends or Foes Target Selection Decisions of Sovereign Wealth Funds and Their Consequences written by Jason D. Kotter and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines investment strategies of Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs), their effect on target firm valuation, and how both of these are related to SWF transparency. We find that SWFs prefer large and poorly performing firms facing financial difficulties. Their investments have a positive effect on target firms' stock prices around the announcement date but no substantial effect on firm performance and governance in the long-run. We also find that transparent SWFs are more likely to invest in financially constrained firms and have a greater impact on target firm value than opaque SWFs. Overall, SWFs are similar to passive institutional investors in their preference for target characteristics and in their effect on target performance, and SWF transparency influences SWFs' investment activities and their impact on target firm value.
Download or read book Understanding the Decision Making Process of Sovereign Wealth Funds written by J.Y. Gnabo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) have been increasingly active over the past decade, raising concern from governments regarding their actual motives and potential cross-border stakes in national strategic sectors. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the existing literature to understand better the decisions taken by this new class of investors. the whole process of investment decision strategy is complex in the sense where it combines several dimensions that may potentially interact. For that, we investigate the economic determinants of SWF's cross-border stakes while considering the whole sequence of choices involved in this decision: (i) the decision to invest abroad or not, (ii) the decision to invest in a listed versus unlisted firm, and (iii) the decision to make large versus small investment in target company. Using a nested logit approach on one of the biggest SWF, the Singaporean fund Temasek over the 1990 to 2010 period, we provide clear evidence of dependence in the three considered levels of decision. In addition, we show that Temasek's cross-border investment probability increases with the excess of FX reserves, tends to target unlisted firms when asymmetry of information is low between the target and the home countries and involves in large stakes depending on firm financial characteristics.
Download or read book Sovereign Wealth Funds written by Edwin M. Truman and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 2010 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the role of sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) in the global economy and financial system. Sovereign wealth funds are not a new phenomenon in international finance. Governments of a few countries have used similar entities to manage their international financial assets for several decades. Moreover, countries have always held international reserves, and government-owned entities have made cross-border investments for many years. Sovereign wealth funds or their equivalent pose profound issues for the countries that own them with respect to macroeconomic policy and the potential for corruption. They also raise issues for countries that receive SWF investments as well as for the international financial system as a whole because government ownership introduces potential political and economic power issues into the management of these cross-border assets. This study traces the origins of SWFs. It describes the issues raised by these large governmental holdings of cross-border assets for the countries that own them, for the host countries, and for the international financial system. The study lays out what is known about the 50-plus SWFs of various countries. Some countries have more than one such entity, and a sample of government-managed pension funds is included in this analysis because they raise most of the same basic policy issues. Using publicly available information that is provided on a systematic basis, the author has previously developed a "scoreboard" for these funds involving a number of elements grouped in four categories: structure, governance, transparency and accountability, and behavioral rules. The 2008 edition contributed to the development of a set of generally accepted principles and practices, the Santiago Principles, for SWFs by the International Working Group operating under the auspices of the International Monetary Fund. This publication presents an updated scoreboard for an expanded list of funds, evaluates the Santiago Principles, and examines current compliance with those principles. The study also examines the policies of recipient countries and the role of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) investment codes. Finally, the study discusses the evolving role of SWFs in the context of the global economic and financial crisis and its aftermath and will make recommendations for the policies of countries both managing such funds and those that expect to receive investments from them in the future.
Download or read book Friends Or Foes written by Jason Kotter and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper examines the stock price impact of 163 announcements of Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) investments. We document an average positive risk-adjusted return of 2.1 percent for target firms during two days surrounding SWF acquisition announcements. The announcement effect is both statistically and economically significant. A multivariate analysis shows that the degree of transparency of SWF activities is an important determinant of the market reaction, and both the SWF and the existing shareholders of the target firm benefit from improved SWF disclosure. In addition, target firms' profitability, growth, and governance do not change significantly in the three-year period following the SWF investment relative to a control sample. These results are robust to a battery of tests. Overall, our findings suggest that SWF investments convey a positive signal to market participants about the target firm, increased SWF transparency is enjoyed by both the SWF and existing shareholders, and SWFs are passive investors"--Federal Reserve Board web site.
Download or read book Sovereign Wealth Funds written by Abdullah Al-Hassan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents in a systematic (normative) manner the salient features of a SWF‘s governance structure, in relation to its objectives and investment management that can ensure its efficient operation and enhance its financial performance. In this context, it distinguishes among the various governing bodies and analyzes key aspects of the investment policy and setting of the risk tolerance level in order to ensure consistent risk-bearing capacity and greater accountability. Further, it discusses the important role of SWFs in macroeconomic management and the need for close coordination with other macroeconomic and financial policies as well as their role in global financial stability.
Download or read book Economic Diplomacy Trade and Commercial Policy written by Peter A. G. van Bergeijk and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1994 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic instruments of diplomacy have become increasingly important since the end of the Cold War. This work examines the impact of international diplomacy and economic sanctions on trade and investment.
Download or read book Hedge Fund Activism written by Alon Brav and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2010 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hedge Fund Activism begins with a brief outline of the research literature and describes datasets on hedge fund activism.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Sovereign Wealth Funds written by Douglas J. Cumming and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) represent both an increasingly important - and potentially dominant - category of alternative investor, and a novel form for governments to project their interests both home and abroad. As such, they represent both economic actors and embody power vested in the financial and diplomatic resources they can leverage. Although at times they have acted in concert with other alternative investors, their intergenerational savings function should, in theory at least, promote more long-termist thinking. However, they may be impelled in towards greater short termism, in response to popular pressures, demands from predatory elites and/or unforeseen external shocks. Of all the categories of alternative investment, SWFs perhaps embody the most contradictory pressures, making for diverse and complex outcomes. The aim of this volume is to consolidate the present state of the art, and advance the field through new applied, conceptual and theoretical insights. The volume is ordered into chapters that explore thematic issues and country studies, incorporating novel insights in on the most recent developments in the SWF ecosystem. This handbook is organized into four sections and 23 chapters. The four sections are: Governance of SWFs, Political and Legal Aspects of SWFs, Investment Choices and Structures of SWFs, Country and Regional Analyses of SWFs.
Download or read book Institutional Investors In Global Capital Markets written by Narjess Boubakri and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2011-09-27 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines various issues concerning the strategies of institutional investors, the role of institutional investors in corporate governance, their impact on local and international capital markets, as well as the emergence of sovereign and other asset management funds and their interactions with micro and macro economic and market environments.
Download or read book The Law of Sovereign Wealth Funds written by Fabio Bassan and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bassan provides a remarkable compendium on the relevant laws, regulations, and standards affecting sovereign wealth funds. These institutions are now at the very centre of the global financial system and demand greater appreciation of their distinctive qualities as well as their likely implications for nation-states and the global economy. Bassan s book is a unique contribution to understanding the governance and regulation of these institutions and will be an important resource book for those who must grapple with the growing power and global scope of these institutions. Gordon L. Clark, University of Oxford, UK and Monash University, Australia This book covers a true vacuum in international legal literature thanks to its multi-facet in-depth analysis of SWFs, a new type of protagonists of transnational investments in the global economy. It analyses critically the various approaches put forth to pinpoint real nature, legal set-up, relevant features in the diverse operating activity of SWF in the perspective of addressing the issue of the most appropriate regulation that would ensure two apparently conflicting goals: the protection of SWF investments and of host states legitimate concerns for vital national political or economic interests and the diverse activities. On this basis, the author reviews the various international hard and soft law regulations proposed and the relevance of existing disciplines including Bilateral Investment Treaties. The full coverage of the issue of sovereign immunity in respect of SWF is a useful completion of the author s analysis. Giorgio Sacerdoti, Bocconi University, Italy This book provides a definition and classification for Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) and discusses its phenomenon within the legal context. It identifies the rules applicable to SWFs and focuses on the bilateral relationships between states. In eight extensive chapters, Fabio Bassan considers whether SWFs may enjoy immunity with respect to host state measures as well as protection in Bilateral Investment Treaties Written from an international law perspective, The Law of Sovereign Wealth Funds will appeal to students of international business, international organizations, banks and governments.
Download or read book Commodity based Sovereign Wealth Funds written by Abdullah Al-Hassan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commodity-based sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) have been at a crossroads following the recent fall in commodity prices. This paper provides a framework for commodity-based SWF management, focusing on stabilization and savings funds, by (i) examining macrofiscal linkages for SWFs; (ii) presenting an integrated sovereign asset and liability management (SALM) approach to SWF management; and (iii) applying this framework to a scenario where assets are being accumulated and to a scenario where the SWF is drawn on to cover a financing gap due to lower commodity prices.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Sovereign Wealth Funds written by Douglas Cumming and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sovereign Wealth Funds have become increasingly powerful and influential investors. Their increasing role, and unusual character as both political and market actors, raise a number of issues with regard to finance, politics, regulation, and international business. This handbook draws together the growing but fragmented research on SWFs.
Download or read book Norway s Government Pension Fund Global written by Magdalena Andonoska and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sovereign Wealth Funds' (SWF) formidable purchasing power and size have been judged a threat to financial market stability. However, during the Global Financial Crisis of 2008, Sovereign Wealth Funds salvaged five firms on the verge of financial collapse -- to the total of $53 Billion (USD) in assets. This thesis' goal is to contribute to the growing research on SWFs and offer insight to market participants that may be interested in securing sovereign wealth investment flows. A database of 2456 unique companies from three global stock exchanges was created to examine the equity investment of one particular SWF, Norway's Government Pension Fund -- Global (PFG) between 2005 and 2008. The findings show that PFG targets stocks of profitable companies with increasing free cash flow and visibility on the global financial markets. PFG is not negatively influenced by gearing in a company and it does not target large companies. Furthermore, Tobin Q regression results show that market participants consider PFG a market leader in relation to stock selection, since SWF ownership generated increase in the company's market value. Therefore firms, including small cap ones, could transform their corporate models and policies to deliver the critical attributes that would attract SWF investment. This thesis contributes to the growing field of SWF research by modelling SWF investment decisions based on firm-level characteristics of target investments holdings. Future research should build upon this text by incorporating other unobserved determinants of SWF investment selection and including other SWFs in the institutional investors' database.
Download or read book ESG and Responsible Institutional Investing Around the World A Critical Review written by Pedro Matos and published by CFA Institute Research Foundation. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This survey examines the vibrant academic literature on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) investing. While there is no consensus on the exact list of ESG issues, responsible investors increasingly assess stocks in their portfolios based on nonfinancial data on environmental impact (e.g., carbon emissions), social impact (e.g., employee satisfaction), and governance attributes (e.g., board structure). The objective is to reduce exposure to investments that pose greater ESG risks or to influence companies to become more sustainable. One active area of research at present involves assessing portfolio risk exposure to climate change. This literature review focuses on institutional investors, which have grown in importance such that they have now become the largest holders of shares in public companies globally. Historically, institutional investors tended to concentrate their ESG efforts mostly on corporate governance (the “G” in ESG). These efforts included seeking to eliminate provisions that restrict shareholder rights and enhance managerial power, such as staggered boards, supermajority rules, golden parachutes, and poison pills. Highlights from this section: · There is no consensus on the exact list of ESG issues and their materiality. · The ESG issue that gets the most attention from institutional investors is climate change, in particular their portfolio companies’ exposure to carbon risk and “stranded assets.” · Investors should be positioning themselves for increased regulation, with the regulatory agenda being more ambitious in the European Union than in the United States. Readers might come away from this survey skeptical about the potential for ESG investing to affect positive change. I prefer to characterize the current state of the literature as having a “healthy dose of skepticism,” with much more remaining to be explored. Here, I hope the reader comes away with a call to action. For the industry practitioner, I believe that the investment industry should strive to achieve positive societal goals. CFA Institute provides an exemplary case in its Future of Finance series (www.cfainstitute.org/research/future-finance). For the academic community, I suggest we ramp up research aimed at tackling some of the open questions around the pressing societal goals of ESG investing. I am optimistic that practitioners and academics will identify meaningful ways to better harness the power of global financial markets for addressing the pressing ESG issues facing our society.
Download or read book Investment Banks Hedge Funds and Private Equity written by David P. Stowell and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-09-01 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dynamic environment of investment banks, hedge funds, and private equity firms comes to life in David Stowell's introduction to the ways they challenge and sustain each other. Capturing their reshaped business plans in the wake of the 2007-2009 global meltdown, his book reveals their key functions, compensation systems, unique roles in wealth creation and risk management, and epic battles for investor funds and corporate influence. Its combination of perspectives—drawn from his industry and academic backgrounds—delivers insights that illuminate the post-2009 reinvention and acclimation processes. Through a broad view of the ways these financial institutions affect corporations, governments, and individuals, Professor Stowell shows us how and why they will continue to project their power and influence. - Emphasizes the needs for capital, sources of capital, and the process of getting capital to those who need it - Integrates into the chapters ten cases about recent transactions, along with case notes and questions - Accompanies cases with spreadsheets for readers to create their own analytical frameworks and consider choices and opportunities
