Download or read book Characteristics of Dayside Auroral Displays in Relation to Magnetospheric Processes written by Joseph I. Minow and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dayside Magnetosphere Interactions written by Qiugang Zong and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-13 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the processes and phenomena of Earth’s dayside magnetosphere Energy and momentum transfer, initially taking place at the dayside magnetopause, is responsible for a variety of phenomenon that we can measure on the ground. Data obtained from observations of Earth’s dayside magnetosphere increases our knowledge of the processes by which solar wind mass, momentum, and energy enter the magnetosphere. Dayside Magnetosphere Interactions outlines the physics and processes of dayside magnetospheric phenomena, the role of solar wind in generating ultra-low frequency waves, and solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling. Volume highlights include: Phenomena across different temporal and spatial scales Discussions on dayside aurora, plume dynamics, and related dayside reconnection Results from spacecraft observations, ground-based observations, and simulations Discoveries from the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission and Van Allen Probes era Exploration of foreshock, bow shock, magnetosheath, magnetopause, and cusps Examination of similar processes occurring around other planets The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Download or read book Auroral Phenomenology and Magnetospheric Processes written by Andreas Keiling and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-09 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 197. Many of the most basic aspects of the aurora remain unexplained. While in the past terrestrial and planetary auroras have been largely treated in separate books, Auroral Phenomenology and Magnetospheric Processes: Earth and Other Planets takes a holistic approach, treating the aurora as a fundamental process and discussing the phenomenology, physics, and relationship with the respective planetary magnetospheres in one volume. While there are some behaviors common in auroras of the different planets, there are also striking differences that test our basic understanding of auroral processes. The objective, upon which this monograph is focused, is to connect our knowledge of auroral morphology to the physical processes in the magnetosphere that power and structure discrete and diffuse auroras. Understanding this connection will result in a more complete explanation of the aurora and also further the goal of being able to interpret the global auroral distributions as a dynamic map of the magnetosphere. The volume synthesizes five major areas: auroral phenomenology, aurora and ionospheric electrodynamics, discrete auroral acceleration, aurora and magnetospheric dynamics, and comparative planetary aurora. Covering the recent advances in observations, simulation, and theory, this book will serve a broad community of scientists, including graduate students, studying auroras at Mars, Earth, Saturn, and Jupiter. Projected beyond our solar system, it may also be of interest for astronomers who are looking for aurora-active exoplanets.
Download or read book Dayside Aurora and Its Connection to the Solar Wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Interaction written by Boyi Wang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation presents a comprehensive study of the dayside auroral dynamics and remote sensing of coupled magnetosphere-ionosphere system responses to various upstream disturbances, which include interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) discontinuities, foreshock transients, and magnetosheath high speed jets (HSJs). Recent studies have shown that these disturbances have significant impacts on coupled magnetosphere-ionosphere system, changing the particle transportation and energy budget. However, it has been difficult to find spatial structure and evolution of the interaction processes using a limited number of in-situ measurements. This dissertation aims to understand how dayside aurora and airglow respond to upstream disturbances, and to utilize auroral imaging to determine how the magnetosphere-ionosphere system responds to the upstream disturbances. Our study takes a unique approach by taking advantage of high-resolution 2D imaging to vastly increase community's understanding of magnetosphere-ionosphere responses to upstream disturbances, through tracing location, size and propagation of optical structures. We first examine the role of IMF southward turnings as the trigger of Poleward Moving Auroral Forms (PMAFs), which are thought to be an ionospheric signature of dayside magnetic reconnection. While PMAFs are more likely to occur when the IMF is southward, how often PMAFs are triggered by changes in solar wind parameters is still a major open question and has only been poorly understood due to the use of solar wind monitors far away from the bow shock. This dissertation addresses this question with the conjunction between the all-sky imager (ASI) at Automatic Geophysical Observatories (AGO) P1 station in Antarctica and the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) B and C satellites, which provide much more accurate solar wind conditions than the solar wind monitors at the L1 point. In a statistical study using 60 PMAF events, 70% of the events show a reduction of IMF Bz before PMAF onset, which indicates that IMF southward turning plays an important role in triggering a majority of PMAFs. Those PMAFs were further found to evolve to polar cap airglow patches. This dissertation investigates how often polar cap patches originate in PMAFs and are associated with flow channels, using the conjunction between the ASI at the AGO P1 station and DMSP satellites. Our 50-event statistical study shows that in a majority (45) of events, longitudinally narrow flow enhancements directed anti-sunward are found to be collocated with the patches, have velocities (up to a few km/s) substantially larger than the large-scale background flows (~500 m/s) and have widths comparable to patch widths (~400 km). The patches emanated out of PMAFs and were found to have a large IMF By dependence on the MLT of patches entering the polar cap. Through investigation of dayside aurora, we noticed that auroral brightenings can occur even without substantial changes in the IMF Bz or dynamic pressure. We examined whether disturbances generated in the foreshock and magnetosheath can contribute to dayside auroral brightening. Studies of the impact of foreshock and magnetosheath transients on the magnetosphere-ionosphere system are very limited, and it has been difficult to find how the transients interact in individual events due to limited in-situ and space-based imaging observations. In this dissertation, the conjunction between the ASI at South Pole and the THEMIS satellites during 2008 through 2011 is utilized to determine the magnetosphere-ionosphere responses to foreshock transients and magnetosheath HSJs in a 2D perspective. In situ observation by the THEMIS satellites showed that a foreshock transient during 1535-1545 UT on 25 June 2008 was associated with magnetospheric compression. The ASI at South Pole observed that both diffuse and discrete aurora brightened locally soon after the appearance of this foreshock transient. With the advantage of the high-resolution 2D imaging, we were able to determine that the diffuse auroral brightening corresponds to a localized azimuthal extent of a few Re size on the equatorial plane, and propagated duskward with an average speed of ~100 km/s. Similarly, we for the first time show a nearly one-to-one relationship between the HSJs and individual localized discrete/diffuse auroral brightenings using eight HSJ events. The azimuthal size of HSJ-related diffuse auroral signatures is ~800 km at 230-km altitude in the ionosphere and ~3.7 Re in the magnetosphere, which is slightly larger but of the order of the cross-sectional diameter of HSJs (~1 Re). Furthermore, most of those auroral signatures have azimuthal motions, whose magnitude and direction agree with magnetosheath background flows. In addition to magnetospheric compression, foreshock transients were also found to cause Pc5-band (150-600s) ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves, which are important in transporting mass, energy and momentum in the coupled magnetosphere-ionosphere system. Although it is difficult to find spatial structure of dayside Pc5 waves by a small number of satellites or ground magnetometers, we have successfully determined the 2D structure and motion of ULF waves in the ionosphere using optical imagers. This dissertation reports two series of foreshock-driven Pc5 waves, which are found to be field line resonances (FLRs). The ground-based ASI at South Pole shows that periodic poleward moving east-west arcs are the ionospheric signature of FLRs. The azimuthal distribution, including dawn-dusk symmetricity and azimuthal wavenumbers, of the FLRs in the magnetosphere, are further determined by 2D imaging. The fine structure embedded in the large-scale arcs indicates a wave with high toroidal wavenumber (m ~ 140) was coupled with the FLRs. Based on these works, a likely scenario revealed from the satellite-imaging coordinated observations is as follows: Foreshock transients and magnetosheath HSJs drive compressions of the magnetopause at a few RE, much more localized than global compression by shocks. The compressions launch fast-mode waves and FLRs, which create localized electron precipitation and auroral brightenings. The auroral responses found in this study can highlight structure and evolution of the magnetospheric and ionospheric responses, and signify the geoeffectiveness of localized and transient upstream energy input.
Download or read book Dayside Magnetospheric Cleft Auroral Processes written by Richard Link and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics of Magnetospheric Substorms written by Syun-Ichi Akasofu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Man, through intensive observations of natural phenomena, has learned about some of the basic principles which govern nature. The aurora is one of the most fascinating of these natural phenomena, and by studying it, man has just begun to comprehend auroral phenomena in terms of basic cosmic electrodynamic processes. The systematic and extensive observation of the aurora during and after the great international enterprise, the International Geophysical Year (lGY), led to the concept of the auroral substorm. Like many other geophysical phenomena, auroral displays have a dual time (universal- and local-time) dependence when seen by a ground-based observer. Thus, it was a difficult task for single observers, rotating with the Earth once a day, to grasp a transient feature of a large-scale auroral display. Such a complexity is inevitable in studying many geophysical features, in particular the polar upper atmospheric phenomena. However, it was found that their complexity began to unfold when the concept of the auroral substorm was introduced. In a book entitled Polar and Magnetospheric Substorms, the predeces sor to this book, I tried to describe the auroral phenomena as completely as possible in terms of the concept of the auroral substorm. At that time, the first satellite observations of particles and magnetic fields during substorms were just becoming available, and it was suggested that the auroral sub storm is a manifestation of a magnetospheric phenomenon called the magnetospheric substorm.
Download or read book Physical Signatures of Magnetospheric Boundary Layer Processes written by J.A. Holtet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Physical Signatures of Magnetospheric Boundary Layer Processes T A POTEMRA, M I PUDOVKIN, R W SMITH, V M VASYLIUNAS and A EGELAND 451 PREFACE These proceedings are based on the invited talks and selected research reports presented at the NATO Advanced Workshop on "PHYSICAL SIGNATURES OF MAGNETOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER PROCESSES", held at Sundvolden Hotel, Norway, 9.-14.May 1993. The international political and scientific communities have gradually realized that the Earth's environment is more fragile than previously believed. This has led to the establishment of international research programmes directed toward the understanding of "Global Change". The Earth's magnetosphere, "the Earth-space", is a part of our environment, and physical processes in the magnetosphere and coupling between the solar energy stream, the solar wind, and the Earth-space are important in the complete understanding of our environment. Variations in the electromagnetic and particle energy output of the Sun have a significant effect on global changes. The energy transfer mechanisms at the days ide magnetospheric boundary layers and their ionospheric signatures are perhaps even more important to solar terrestrial research than the night-side processes in this connection. The dayside boundary layers and the polar cusps are the Earth's windows to outer space. The present NATO ARW was the latest in a series of conferences focused on dayside magnetospheric phenomena. It is five years since the preceding Workshop on "Electromag netic Coupling in the Polar Clefts and Caps" was held at Lillehammer in September 1988.
Download or read book Dayside Magnetosphere Interactions written by Qiugang Zong and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the processes and phenomena of Earth's dayside magnetosphere Energy and momentum transfer, initially taking place at the dayside magnetopause, is responsible for a variety of phenomenon that we can measure on the ground. Data obtained from observations of Earth’s dayside magnetosphere increases our knowledge of the processes by which solar wind mass, momentum, and energy enter the magnetosphere. Dayside Magnetosphere Interactions outlines the physics and processes of dayside magnetospheric phenomena, the role of solar wind in generating ultra-low frequency waves, and solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling. Volume highlights include: Phenomena across different temporal and spatial scales Discussions on dayside aurora, plume dynamics, and related dayside reconnection Results from spacecraft observations, ground-based observations, and simulations Discoveries from the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission and Van Allen Probes era Exploration of foreshock, bow shock, magnetosheath, magnetopause, and cusps Examination of similar processes occurring around other planets The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book from this Q&A with the editors
Download or read book Cross Scale Coupling and Energy Transfer in the Magnetosphere Ionosphere Thermosphere System written by Yukitoshi Nishimura and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-12-07 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cross-Scale Coupling and Energy Transfer in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere System provides a systematic understanding of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere dynamics. Cross-scale coupling has become increasingly important in the Space Physics community. Although large-scale processes can specify the averaged state of the system reasonably well, they cannot accurately describe localized and rapidly varying structures in space in actual events. Such localized and variable structures can be as intense as the large-scale features. This book covers observations on quantifying coupling and energetics and simulation on evaluating impacts of cross-scale processes. It includes an in-depth review and summary of the current status of multi-scale coupling processes, fundamental physics, and concise illustrations and plots that are usable in tutorial presentations and classrooms. Organized by physical quantities in the system, Cross-Scale Coupling and Energy Transfer in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere System reviews recent advances in cross-scale coupling and energy transfer processes, making it an important resource for space physicists and researchers working on the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere. Describes frontier science and major science around M-I-T coupling, allowing for foundational understanding of this emerging field in space physics Reviews recent and key findings in the cutting-edge of the science Discusses open questions and pathways for understanding how the field is evolving
Download or read book Solar and Space Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2010, NASA and the National Science Foundation asked the National Research Council to assemble a committee of experts to develop an integrated national strategy that would guide agency investments in solar and space physics for the years 2013-2022. That strategy, the result of nearly 2 years of effort by the survey committee, which worked with more than 100 scientists and engineers on eight supporting study panels, is presented in the 2013 publication, Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. This booklet, designed to be accessible to a broader audience of policymakers and the interested public, summarizes the content of that report.
Download or read book Dayside and Polar Cap Aurora written by Per Even Sandholt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-10-03 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The auroral emissions in the upper atmosphere of the polar regions of the Earth are evidence of the capture of energetic particles from the Sun, streaming by the Earth as the solar wind. These auroral emissions, then, are a window to outer space, and can provide us with valuable information about electrodynamic coupling processes between the solar wind and the Earth's ionosphere and upper atmosphere. Studying the physics of these phenomena extends our understanding of our plasma universe. Ground-based remote-sensing techniques, able to monitor continuously the variations in the signatures of aurorae, in combination with in-situ satellite and rocket measurements, promise to advance dramatically our understanding of the physical processes taking place at the interface of the atmospheres of the Earth and the Sun. Decoding their complexity brings us closer to reliable prediction of communication environments, especially at high latitudes. This understanding, in turn, will help us resolve problems of communication and navigation across polar regions.
Download or read book The Polar Aurora written by Carl Størmer and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multiscale Processes in the Earth s Magnetosphere From Interball to Cluster written by Jean-Andre Sauvaud and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-07 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past forty years of space research have seen a substantial improvement in our understanding of the Earth’s magnetosphere and its coupling with the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic ?eld (IMF). The magnetospheric str- ture has been mapped and major processes determining this structure have been de?ned. However, the picture obtained is too often static. We know how the magnetosphere forms via the interaction of the solar wind and IMF with the Earth’s magnetic ?eld. We can describe the steady state for various upstream conditions but do not really understand the dynamic processes leading from one state to another. The main dif?culty is that the magnetosphere is a comp- cated system with many time constants ranging from fractions of a second to days and the system rarely attains a steady state. Two decades ago, it became clear that further progress would require multi-point measurements. Since then, two multi-spacecraft missions have been launched — INTERBALL in 1995/96 and CLUSTER II in 2000. The objectives of these missions d- fered but were complementary: While CLUSTER is adapted to meso-scale processes, INTERBALL observed larger spatial and temporal scales. However, the number of papers taking advantage of both missions simul- neously is rather small.
Download or read book Curricula in the Atmospheric Oceanic Hydrologic and Related Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Aurora written by J. W. Dungey and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transport Across the Boundaries of the Magnetosphere written by Bengt Hultqvist and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume is the second one in the Space Sciences Series of ISSI (Inter national Space Science Institute) and the October 1997 issue of Space Science Reviews. It contains the proceedings of the first workshop in the ISSI study project on "Source and Loss Processes of Magnetospheric Plasma", which was held at ISSI in Bern on October 1-5, 1996. The participants in the project, the project team, numbered at that time 51, of whom 45 participated in the workshop. The main tasks of the first workshop were to provide a basis for the further work by means of presentation and discussion of those 16 review papers which are pub lished in this volume and to prepare plans for the work of six working groups in the year up to the second workshop in October 1997. The ISSI study project on "Source and Loss Processes of Magnetospheric Plas ma" was selected by ISSI in December 1995 as the first in the solar-terrestrial physics field after consulting a number of groups of senior scientists represent ing the international space physics community at large. The undersigned, Bengt Hultqvist, is the project leader. A Core Group, consisting of two co-chairs for each of six working groups and four ex-officio members from the Space Science Com mittee of ISSI (H. Balsiger, A. Galeev, G. Haerendel, and D. Southwood), con vened at ISSI in March 1996.
Download or read book Magnetospheric Imaging The Image Prime Mission written by James L. Burch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE) is a NASA Explorer mission that is the first space mission dedicated to imaging of the Earth's magnetosphere. IMAGE was launched from Vandenberg AFB into an elliptical polar orbit by a Delta II launch vehicle on March 25, 2000. The two-year prime sci entific mission of IMAGE began on May 25, 2000 after instrument commissioning was successfully completed. IMAGE has now been approved for operation until October 1,2005, and an additional two-year extension is now being considered by NASA. The papers in this volume represent many of the scientific results obtained dur ing the IMAGE prime mission and include some of the early correlative research with ground-based measurements, measurements from other spacecraft such as Cluster II, and relevant theory and modeling programs. All of the reported work is related to the overall IMAGE science objective: How does the magnetosphere respond globally to the changing conditions in the solar wind? IMAGE addresses this question with multi-spectral imaging of most of the important plasma pop ulations of the inner magnetosphere, combined with radio sounding of gradients of total plasma content. The new experimental techniques fall into the following areas: neutral atom imaging (NAI) over an energy range from 10 eV to 500 keY for detection of ionospheric outflow, the plasma sheet, and the ring current; far ultraviolet (FUV) imaging at 121-190 nm for detection of precipitating protons and the global aurora; extreme ultraviolet (EUV) imaging at 30.
