Download or read book Characterisation of Novel Epigenetic Pathways in the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Falciparum written by Shamista Archana Selvarajah and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Discovery and Characterization of a Novel Class of Metabolic Regulators in the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Falciparum written by Ann M. Guggisberg and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, infects hundreds of millions of people per year and causes hundreds of thousands of deaths. Within the host red blood cell, the parasite relies on glycolysis for energy and synthesis of essential biomolecules. One such anabolic fate of glucose is the synthesis of isoprenoids, a broad and essential class of compounds that participate in a variety of cellular functions. In the face of ever-evolving drug resistance, new inhibitors and better understanding of parasite metabolism are required. The antibiotic fosmidomycin (FSM) targets the methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid synthesis and is a well-validated inhibitor of P. falciparum growth. A forward selection for FSM resistance generated a number of parasite strains with increased drug tolerance. We identify mutations in two members of the haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolase (HAD) superfamily, PfHAD1 and PfHAD2, as causal for resistance. Enzymatic characterization and metabolic profiling reveal that these mutations are deleterious and confirm the role of PfHAD1 and PfHAD2 as novel negative regulators of glucose and isoprenoid metabolism. Despite their homology and shared role in FSM resistance, PfHAD1, a sugar phosphatase, and PfHAD2, a purine nucleotidase, appear to mediate FSM resistance via distinct enzymatic mechanisms. To further understand the role of PfHADs as metabolic regulators, we harness a growth defect in FSM-resistant PfHAD2 mutants to select for suppressors of FSM resistance. We identify suppressor mutations in the key glycolytic enzyme phosphofructokinase (PfPFK9) and describe the effect of these mutations on enzyme function and parasite metabolism. Given its safety in humans and its specificity as a MEP pathway inhibitor, FSM is a strong candidate for clinical development and is currently being evaluated in clinical trials as part of an antimalarial combination therapy. Unfortunately, previous studies have observed high rates of recrudescence following FSM treatment when paired with the antibiotic clindamycin (CLN). To understand whether any genetic changes correlate with recrudescence, we performed whole genome sequencing on patient parasite populations before and after recrudescence. We demonstrate the use of a selective amplification method to amplify and sequence parasite genomes from blood spots. Our genotyping does not reveal any genetic changes responsible for recrudescence, but rather support the hypothesis that FSM-CLN treatment failure is due to formulation or partner drug selection. We encourage further development of FSM and other MEP pathway inhibitors as antimalarial therapies.
Download or read book Current Topics in Malaria written by Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales and published by . This book was released on 2016-11-30 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Anopheline Mosquito written by R. C. Dauglish and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Malaria Research written by Deepak Gaur and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly reviews our current understanding of malarial biology Explores the subject with insights from post-genomic technologies Looks broadly at the disease, vectors of infection, and treatment and prevention strategies A timely publication with chapters written by global researchers leaders
Download or read book Toward Precision Medicine written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-01-16 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivated by the explosion of molecular data on humans-particularly data associated with individual patients-and the sense that there are large, as-yet-untapped opportunities to use this data to improve health outcomes, Toward Precision Medicine explores the feasibility and need for "a new taxonomy of human disease based on molecular biology" and develops a potential framework for creating one. The book says that a new data network that integrates emerging research on the molecular makeup of diseases with clinical data on individual patients could drive the development of a more accurate classification of diseases and ultimately enhance diagnosis and treatment. The "new taxonomy" that emerges would define diseases by their underlying molecular causes and other factors in addition to their traditional physical signs and symptoms. The book adds that the new data network could also improve biomedical research by enabling scientists to access patients' information during treatment while still protecting their rights. This would allow the marriage of molecular research and clinical data at the point of care, as opposed to research information continuing to reside primarily in academia. Toward Precision Medicine notes that moving toward individualized medicine requires that researchers and health care providers have access to very large sets of health- and disease-related data linked to individual patients. These data are also critical for developing the information commons, the knowledge network of disease, and ultimately the new taxonomy.
Download or read book Epigenetics of Infectious Diseases written by Walter Doerfler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-26 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume of Epigenetics and Human Health is devoted to the patho-epigenetics of viral and microbial infections, an exiting new field of disease-related epigenetic research. As recognized during the past years, epigenetic reprogramming of pathogen and host genome functions – the latter frequently induced by pathogens – plays an important role in many infectious processes. Beyond their immediate relevance for pathogen proliferation and obligatorily associated symptoms, such alterations frequently contribute to severe additional complications, such as the development of immunodeficiency, cancer and various chronic disorders. This holds in particular for epigenetic dysregulation of host gene expression induced by latent infections. The present book summarizes current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying epigenetic changes caused by viral, bacterial, fungal and protozoan infections and their impact on human health.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Malaria written by and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Malaria represents a vast databank of information about the study of malaria. It provides an overview of the historical, rapid and significant developments that have occurred in malaria research, including the 2002 genome sequencing of Plasmodium falciparum and its mosquito vector, Anopheles gambiae. This work provides a concise source of up-to-date research findings in the form of definitions and essays and present comprehensive coverage of topics from history to findings to diagnosis and treatment, written by recognized malaria researchers with practical experience. It appeals to a diverse audience, including malaria researchers, teachers, investigators and public health professionals.
Download or read book The role of epigenetics in infectious diseases written by Veron Ramsuran and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-03-08 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Malaria written by Dyann Fergus Wirth and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease caused by parasitic protozoa that belong to the genus Plasmodium. This disease imposes a significant global health burden, claiming the lives of several thousand children and pregnant women each day. Increasing antimalarial drug resistance and the complexity of the Plasmodium life cycle, among other factors, have made eradication difficult. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine examines the biology, pathology, and epidemiology of malaria, as well as ongoing efforts to treat infections and manage their spread. Contributors discuss the Plasmodium life cycle, focusing on the molecular mechanisms by which the various parasitic stages induce clinical symptoms, interact with the immune system, and lead to further transmission of malaria. They also explore topics such as the interaction between mosquito reproduction and Plasmodium development, epigenetic regulation of malaria-associated genes, and unique features of malaria in pregnant women (e.g., parity-dependent susceptibility) and describe how an improved understanding of these phenomena may lead to novel intervention strategies. The driving forces behind antimalarial drug resistance are covered, as is progress in developing an effective vaccine and controlling mosquito populations. This volume is therefore an essential reference for all scientists, clinicians, and public health professionals interested in understanding malaria and reducing its devastating effects.
Download or read book Apicomplexan Parasites written by Katja Becker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is the first dealing with the discovery of drugs directed against apicomplexan parasites. Amongst others, this group of endoparasites includes the causative agents of Malaria, Toxoplasmosis, and Babesiosis, the latter occurring mainly in animals. Written by renowned scientific experts from academia and industry, the book focuses on currentdrug development approaches for all apicomplexan diseases making it appealing to a large audience, ranging from research labs in academia to the human and veterinarian pharmaceutical industry. This work is the second volume of the new book series 'Drug Discovery in Infectious Diseases', edited by Prof. Dr Paul M. Selzer.
Download or read book World Malaria Report 2016 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2017-05-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Malaria Report 2016 summarizes information received from malaria-endemic countries and other sources and updates the analyses presented in the 2015 report. The World Malaria Report is WHO's flagship malaria publication released each year in December. It assesses global and regional malaria trends, highlights progress towards global targets, and describes opportunities and challenges in controling and eliminating the disease. Most of the data presented in this report is for 2015.
Download or read book Parasite Infections From Experimental Models to Natural Systems written by Toni Aebischer and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eukaryotic parasites (including parasitic protozoans, worms and arthropods) are more complex and heterogeneous organisms than pathogenic bacteria and viruses. This notion implies different evolutionary strategies of host exploitation. Typically, parasites establish long-term infections and induce relatively little mortality, as they often limit pathological changes by modulating host cells and downregulating adverse immune responses. Their pattern of distribution tends to be endemic rather than epidemic. Despite these seemingly benign traits, parasites usually cause substantial chronic morbidity, thus constituting an enormous socioeconomic burden in humans, particularly in resource poor countries, and in livestock worldwide. Parasite-induced fitness costs are an evolutionary force that can shape populations and contribute to species diversity. Therefore, a thorough understanding of parasites and parasitic diseases requires detailed knowledge of the respective biochemical, molecular and immunological aspects as well as of population genetics, epidemiology and ecology. This Research Topic (RT) bridges disciplines to connect molecular, immunological and wildlife aspects of parasitic infections. The RT puts emphases on four groups of parasites: Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Giardia and intestinal helminths. Co-infections are also covered by the RT as they represent the most common form of parasite infections in wildlife and domestic animal populations. Within the four types of parasites the following topics are addressed: (1) Experimental models: hypothesis testing, translation and limits. (2) Critical appraisal of experimental models. (3) Natural systems: Technological advances for investigations in natural parasite-host systems and studies in natural systems. (4) The urgent need for better models and methods in natural parasite systems. Hence, the RT covers and illustrate by the means of four main parasitic infections the parasite-host system at the molecular, cellular and organismic level.
Download or read book Chemical Epigenetics written by Antonello Mai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an authoritative review of the most significant findings about all the epigenetic targets (writers, readers, and erasers) and their implication in physiology and pathology. The book also covers the design, synthesis and biological validation of epigenetic chemical modulators, which can be useful as novel chemotherapeutic agents. Particular attention is given to the chemical mechanisms of action of these molecules and to the drug discovery prose which allows their identification. This book will appeal to students who want to know the extensive progresses made by epigenetics (targets and modulators) in the last years from the beginning, and to specialized scientists who need an instrument to quickly search and check historical and/or updated notices about epigenetics.
Download or read book World Malaria Report 2015 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2016-01-30 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Malaria Report 2015assesses global malaria disease trends and changes in the coverage and financing of malaria control programs between 2000 and 2015. It also summarizes progress towards international targets, and provides regional and country profiles that summarize trends in each WHO region and each country with malaria. The report is produced with the help of WHO regional and country offices, ministries of health in endemic countries, and a broad range of other partners. The data presented are assembled from the 96 countries and territories with ongoing malaria transmission, and a further five countries that have recently eliminated malaria. Most data are those reported for 2014 and 2015, although in some cases projections have been made into 2015, to assess progress towards targets for 2015.
Download or read book Evolving Human Nutrition written by Stanley J. Ulijaszek and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploration of changing human nutrition from evolutionary and social perspectives and its influence on health and disease, past and present.
Download or read book Disorders of Hemoglobin written by Martin H. Steinberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-17 with total page 883 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised new edition of the definitive reference on disorders of hemoglobin.
