Download or read book Fields of Revolution written by Carmen Soliz and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2021-04-20 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fields of Revolution examines the second largest case of peasant land redistribution in Latin America and agrarian reform—arguably the most important policy to arise out of Bolivia’s 1952 revolution. Competing understandings of agrarian reform shaped ideas of property, productivity, welfare, and justice. Peasants embraced the nationalist slogan of “land for those who work it” and rehabilitated national union structures. Indigenous communities proclaimed instead “land to its original owners” and sought to link the ruling party discourse on nationalism with their own long-standing demands for restitution. Landowners, for their part, embraced the principle of “land for those who improve it” to protect at least portions of their former properties from expropriation. Carmen Soliz combines analysis of governmental policies and national discourse with everyday local actors’ struggles and interactions with the state to draw out the deep connections between land and people as a material reality and as the object of political contention in the period surrounding the revolution.

Download or read book Rural Migration in Bolivia written by Carlos Balderrama and published by IIED. This book was released on 2011 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Landscape of Migration written by Ben Nobbs-Thiessen and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wake of a 1952 revolution, leaders of Bolivia's National Revolutionary Movement (MNR) embarked on a program of internal colonization known as the "March to the East." In an impoverished country dependent on highland mining, the MNR sought to convert the nation's vast "undeveloped" Amazonian frontier into farmland, hoping to achieve food security, territorial integrity, and demographic balance. To do so, they encouraged hundreds of thousands of Indigenous Bolivians to relocate from the "overcrowded" Andes to the tropical lowlands, but also welcomed surprising transnational migrant streams, including horse-and-buggy Mennonites from Mexico and displaced Okinawans from across the Pacific. Ben Nobbs-Thiessen details the multifaceted results of these migrations on the environment of the South American interior. As he reveals, one of the "migrants" with the greatest impact was the soybean, which Bolivia embraced as a profitable cash crop while eschewing earlier goals of food security, creating a new model for extractive export agriculture. Half a century of colonization would transform the small regional capital of Santa Cruz de la Sierra into Bolivia's largest city, and the diverging stories of Andean, Mennonite, and Okinawan migrants complicate our understandings of tradition, modernity, foreignness, and belonging in the heart of a rising agro-industrial empire.

Download or read book Area Handbook for Bolivia written by Thomas E. Weil and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Peasants Entrepreneurs And Social Change written by Lesley Gill and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-20 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the 1952 revolution in Bolivia, both state and international aid agencies channelled capital and technology to regional elites for the development of large-scale cash-crop agriculture in the lowland frontier. In this book, the author examines the contradictory path taken by capitalist development in the region over the last thirty years,

Download or read book Changing Paths written by Peter P. Houtzager and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2005-07 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DIVExplores how the world's disadvantaged may be enabled to claim a greater share of material wealth /div

Download or read book A I D Spring Review of Land Reform June 1970 Bolivia Ecuador Peru written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Decentralization and Popular Democracy written by Jean-Paul Faguet and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2012-06-04 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faguet identifies the factors that determine the outcomes of national decentralization on the local level

Download or read book Embodying Belonging written by Taku Suzuki and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2010-06-30 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embodying Belonging is the first full-length study of a Okinawan diasporic community in South America and Japan. Under extraordinary conditions throughout the twentieth century (Imperial Japanese rule, the brutal Battle of Okinawa at the end of World War II, U.S. military occupation), Okinawans left their homeland and created various diasporic communities around the world. Colonia Okinawa, a farming settlement in the tropical plains of eastern Bolivia, is one such community that was established in the 1950s under the guidance of the U.S. military administration. Although they have flourished as farm owners in Bolivia, thanks to generous support from the Japanese government since Okinawa’s reversion to Japan in 1972, hundreds of Bolivian-born ethnic Okinawans have left the Colonia in the last two decades and moved to Japanese cities, such as Yokohama, to become manual laborers in construction and manufacturing industries. Based on the author’s multisited field research on the work, education, and community lives of Okinawans in the Colonia and Yokohama, this ethnography challenges the unidirectional model of assimilation and acculturation commonly found in immigration studies. In its vivid depiction of the transnational experiences of Okinawan-Bolivians, it argues that transnational Okinawan-Bolivians underwent the various racialization processes—in which they were portrayed by non-Okinawan Bolivians living in the Colonia and native-born Japanese mainlanders in Yokohama and self-represented by Okinawan-Bolivians themselves—as the physical embodiment of a generalized and naturalized "culture" of Japan, Okinawa, or Bolivia. Racializing narratives and performances ideologically serve as both a cause and result of Okinawan-Bolivians’ social and economic status as successful large-scale farm owners in rural Bolivia and struggling manual laborers in urban Japan. As the most comprehensive work available on Okinawan immigrants in Latin America and ethnic Okinawan "return" migrants in Japan, Embodying Belonging is at once a critical examination of the contradictory class and cultural identity (trans)formations of transmigrants; a rich qualitative study of colonial and postcolonial subjects in diaspora, and a bold attempt to theorize racialization as a social process of belonging within local and global schemes.

Download or read book A Revolution for Our Rights written by Laura Gotkowitz and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DIVAnalyzes struggles over citizenship and nationhood in Bolivia, following the fate of subaltern projects for political inclusion and asking why ethnic/racial claims were more effectively incorporated into the revolutionary agenda than were gender demands./div

Download or read book Adaptation to a Changing Climate in the Arab Countries written by Dorte Verner and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-11-16 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Arab countries, climate change is a risk to poverty reduction and economic growth, threatening to unravel many of the development gains that have been achieved. The Arab Region is already suffering adverse consequences from climate variability and change. This book provides information on climate change and its impact in the Arab Region, as well as technical guidance on climate adaptation options for policy makers. The areas addressed include the economic impacts of climate change (as measured by the reduction in household income and GDP); the impacts of climate change on the water, health, and tourism sectors; livelihoods and well-being in rural and urban areas; biodiversity; disaster risk management; as well as gender and other social relations. The report is written through a participatory and collaborative process, led by the World Bank in partnership with the League of Arab States, incorporating both regional and international experts on the topics.

Download or read book Workers from the North written by Scott Whiteford and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-12-19 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International migration between countries in Latin America became increasingly important during the twentieth century, but for a long time it was the subject of only limited research. Whiteford sets the Argentina-Bolivia experience in historical perspective by examining the macrolevel factors that influenced social change in both countries and brought streams of migration into Argentina. Seasonal labor, the expansion of capitalist agriculture, international migration, and urbanization are central topics in this in-depth study of Bolivian migrants in Northwest Argentina. Whiteford’s vivid portrayal of the lives and working conditions of the migrants is based on two years of research during which he lived with the workers on a sugar plantation and, after the harvest, accompanied them to other farms and to the city of Salta in their search for more work. He traces the development of plantation agriculture in Northwest Argentina and the processes by which the plantation gained access to cheap labor and maintained control over it. As Bolivians migrated to Argentina in ever greater numbers, many recruited for the harvest remained. Whiteford’s analysis of the diverse strategies employed by workers and their families to support themselves during the post-harvest season is a major contribution to migration literature. The four distinct but related patterns of migration that he describes created a labor reserve that transcends rural/urban designations, one that is utilized by employers in both the countryside and the city.

Download or read book Beyond the Revolution written by James Malloy and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2010-11-23 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ten original essays discuss changes in the life, politics, and culture of Bolivia since the revolution of 1952.

Download or read book Bolivia in the Age of Gas written by Bret Gustafson and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-10 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evo Morales, Bolivia's first Indigenous president, won reelection three times on a leftist platform championing Indigenous rights, anti-imperialism, and Bolivian control over the country's natural gas reserves. In Bolivia in the Age of Gas, Bret Gustafson explores how the struggle over natural gas has reshaped Bolivia, along with the rise, and ultimate fall, of the country's first Indigenous-led government. Rethinking current events against the backdrop of a longer history of oil and gas politics and military intervention, Gustafson shows how natural gas wealth brought a measure of economic independence and redistribution, yet also reproduced political and economic relationships that contradicted popular and Indigenous aspirations for radical change. Though grounded in the unique complexities of Bolivia, the volume argues that fossil-fuel political economies worldwide are central to the reproduction of militarism and racial capitalism and suggests that progressive change demands moving beyond fossil-fuel dependence and the social and ecological ills that come with it.

Download or read book The End of Desertification written by Roy H. Behnke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-12 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question in the title of this book draws attention to the shortcomings of a concept that has become a political tool of global importance even as the scientific basis for its use grows weaker. The concept of desertification, it can be argued, has ceased to be analytically useful and distorts our understanding of social-environmental systems and their resiliency, particularly in poor countries with variable rainfall and persistent poverty. For better policy and governance, we need to reconsider the scientific justification for international attempts to combat desertification. Our exploration of these issues begins in the Sahel of West Africa, where a series of severe droughts at the end of the 20th century led to the global institutionalization of the idea of desertification. It now seems incontrovertible that these droughts were not caused primarily by local land use mismanagement, effectively terminating a long-standing policy and scientific debate. There is now an opportunity to treat this episode as an object lesson in the relationship between science, the formation of public opinion and international policy-making. Looking beyond the Sahel, the chapters in this book provide case studies from around the world that examine the use and relevance of the desertification concept. Despite an increasingly sophisticated understanding of dryland environments and societies, the uses now being made of the desertification concept in parts of Asia exhibit many of the shortcomings of earlier work done in Africa. It took scientists more than three decades to transform a perceived desertification crisis in the Sahel into a non-event. This book is an effort to critically examine that experience and accelerate the learning process in other parts of the world.

Download or read book Climate Change and the World Bank Group written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-01-26 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study from the Independent Evaluation Group draws lessons for development and climate change mitigation from the World Bank Group's far-reaching portfolio of projects in energy, forestry, transport, coal power, and technology transfer. Reviewing what has worked, what hasn't, and why, the evaluation's key findings include: Energy efficiency can offer countries direct economic returns that dwarf those of most other development projects, while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Tropical forest protected areas, on average, significantly reduce tropical deforestation, preserving carbon and biodiversity. Deforestation rates are lower in areas that allowed sustainable use by local populations than in strictly protected areas. Deforestation rates were lowest of all in indigenous forest areas. For renewable energy projects, long-duration loans have been important in making projects financially viable.. But at prevailing carbon prices, carbon offset sales had little impact on most renewable energy projects rate of returns, and did not address investors need for up-front capital. Technology transfer broadly understood to include diffusion of technical and financial innovations related to low-carbon development has worked well when the logic of piloting and demonstration is well thought out, and when grants are used to mitigate the risk of pioneering efforts.

Download or read book Global Poverty Democracy and North South Change written by Steven Langdon and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Democracy as a process of change is led increasingly by movements in the so-called "southern" countries. People's groups that are not part of the alliance of richer, industrialized states are seeking social justice that can benefit the excluded and less powerful from both the north and south