Download or read book Changing Law and Contractual Relations under COVID 19 written by Yuka Kaneko and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-22 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COVID-19 has changed not only human lives since the beginning of the year 2020, but systems of human society as well. Legal measures have been employed in every country to mandate the state’s control of human behavior in order to stop the pandemic. But the mode of legal control has differed by country, showing different results in terms of constraining the spread of infection. While the behavioral restrictions continue, the socio-economic impacts of the pandemic have been causing another catastrophe, particularly in the most vulnerable sectors of each society. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are typical representatives of such vulnerable groups, compelled to assume the economic burdens of the pandemic that have been shifted from the larger economic actors that hold the advantage in contractual negotiations. Statistical data on infection status have revealed a great gap between countries, such as European nations reaching the level of several thousand deaths per one hundred thousand population, while most Asian countries have maintained a level of one or two digits. Even though COVID-19 affects the whole world, the redistribution of risks in the pandemic is a goal to be pursued in the socio-cultural context of each society. This book explores the law and social changes in Asian countries under the impact of COVID-19, with a particular focus on the social relations surrounding the SMEs. These form the center of contractual relations between various socio-economic actors and at the same time, are a direct counterpart of the governmental SME policies, peculiar to Asian interventionist governments. A comparative approach is taken, using the results of interview surveys based on structured questions conducted via research collaboration between the contributors from Japan as well as other Asian countries. A comparative analysis of the risk redistribution in the pandemic between countries that share similar preconditions is still possible and meaningful. The authors of this book hold the view that Asian countries have sufficient bases for international comparison, particularly on the risk reallocation in the SME sector, given the relatively well-controlled level of infection, presumably due to the similarity of cooperative social culture. Another basis for comparison is the similarity of the laws surrounding the business operation of SMEs since normal times, which makes it feasible to compare the difference in the pandemic. What risks should be reallocated between whom, and how?
Download or read book Consumer Law and Policy written by Iain Ramsay and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition continues to provide a critical introduction to the legal regulation of consumer markets, situating it within the context of broader debates about rationales for regulation, the role of the state and the growth of neo-liberalism. It draws on interdisciplinary sources, assessing, for example, the increased influence of behavioural economics on consumer law. It analyses the Europeanisation of consumer law and the tensions between neo-liberalism and the social market, consumer protection and consumer choice, in the establishment of the single market ground rules. The book also assesses national, regional and international responses to the world financial crisis as reflected in the regulation of consumer credit markets. This edition incorporates recent legislative and judicial developments of the law, blending substantial extracts from primary UK, EU and international legal materials.
Download or read book What We Owe Each Other written by Minouche Shafik and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-08-23 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From one of the leading policy experts of our time, an urgent rethinking of how we can better support each other to thrive Whether we realize it or not, all of us participate in the social contract every day through mutual obligations among our family, community, place of work, and fellow citizens. Caring for others, paying taxes, and benefiting from public services define the social contract that supports and binds us together as a society. Today, however, our social contract has been broken by changing gender roles, technology, new models of work, aging, and the perils of climate change. Minouche Shafik takes us through stages of life we all experience—raising children, getting educated, falling ill, working, growing old—and shows how a reordering of our societies is possible. Drawing on evidence and examples from around the world, she shows how every country can provide citizens with the basics to have a decent life and be able to contribute to society. But we owe each other more than this. A more generous and inclusive society would also share more risks collectively and ask everyone to contribute for as long as they can so that everyone can fulfill their potential. What We Owe Each Other identifies the key elements of a better social contract that recognizes our interdependencies, supports and invests more in each other, and expects more of individuals in return. Powerful, hopeful, and thought-provoking, What We Owe Each Other provides practical solutions to current challenges and demonstrates how we can build a better society—together.
Download or read book Contract Law in Changing Times written by Normann Witzleb and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-30 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays provides a rich and contemporary discussion of the principle of pacta sunt servanda. This principle, which requires that valid agreements are to be honoured, is a cornerstone of contract law. Focusing on contributions from Asia, this book shows that, despite its natural and universal appeal, the pacta sunt servanda principle is neither absolute nor immutable. Exceptions to the binding force of contract must be available in limited circumstances to avoid hardship and unfairness. This book offers readers new comparative perspectives on the appropriate balance between contractual certainty and flexibility in an era of social instability. Expert authors, mostly from East and Southeast Asia, explore when their domestic legal systems allow exceptions from the binding force of contracts. Doctrines discussed include impossibility, frustration, change of circumstance, force majeure, illegality as well as rights of withdrawal. Other chapters consider the importance of the pacta principle in international law. The challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic feature strongly in the majority of contributions.
Download or read book Contractual Performance and COVID 19 written by Franz Schwarz and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2021-11-25 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to take its toll, contractual parties have frequently faced significant obstacles in performing their contractual obligations due to unexpected impediments arising from the pandemic and government measures taken in response. This indispensable book – the most comprehensive comparative examination of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on contractual performance – discusses the legal provisions and doctrines available to address these issues. The book examines under what circumstances COVID-19-related impediments may excuse contractual performance or lead to modification or termination of the affected contractual obligations in twelve representative civil and common law jurisdictions – the United States, England and Wales, Singapore, Brazil, Germany, France, Switzerland, Austria, Hong Kong, Costa Rica, China, and Russia. For each country, the book examines the following aspects in depth: the relevant fundamental legal principles; the various legal emergency valves available to an obligor to respond to COVID-19-related events; any remedies available to the obligee; selected examples for specific government measures related to particular types of contracts (e.g., construction, employment, lease agreements); and how the legal framework applies in typical factual scenarios. As further legal and factual developments occur, and with further jurisdictions being added, this publication will continue to be updated both online and in print. The book provides a detailed explanation under what conditions the emergency valves specific to each jurisdiction may apply. It cuts through the seeming complexity of the various legal rules and doctrines in these jurisdictions and shows that they often produce similar results in practice. The book thus opens up a wealth of insights for businesses, practitioners, and academics around the globe by providing an easily accessible analytical framework across key jurisdictions and typical factual scenarios. ‘Definitely mandatory reading for practitioners and academics alike!’ –Klaus Peter Berger, University of Cologne ‘Everyone who has had or is likely to have a brush with a COVID-19-induced legal issue would be well advised to keep this book within arm’s reach.’ – Davinder Singh, Davinder Singh Chambers LLC, Singapore ‘The “holy book” for all those lawyers whose clients become ensnared in the rising attempts to fix legal liability midst the rampant COVID-19.’ – Charles Brower, Twenty Essex, London
Download or read book Coronavirus and the Law in Europe written by Ewoud Hondius and published by . This book was released on 2021-08-19 with total page 1100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 30 January 2020, in response to the globalisation of COVID-19, the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The deadly outbreak has caused unprecedented disruption to travel and trade and is raising pressing legal questions across all disciplines, which this book attempts to address.00The aims of this book are twofold. First, it is intended to serve as a "toolbox" for domestic and European judges. They will soon be dealing with the interpretation of COVID-19-related legislation and administrative measures, as well as the disruption the pandemic has caused to society and fundamental rights.00Second, it aims to assist businesses and citizens who wish to be informed about the implications of the virus in the existence, performance and enforcement of their contracts.
Download or read book Commercial Litigation in New York State Courts written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polish Entrepreneurial Law in the Era of the COVID 19 Pandemic written by Edyta Hadrowicz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contract Changes written by Dacian C. Dragos and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-01-20 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contract Changes comparatively analyses the contract modification regulation of 11 EU Member States, drawing on case law and common legal practice. As the first comparative study of material contract modifications, this book explores the interpretation of key concepts such as: unforeseen circumstances, non-equivocal clauses and the overall nature of the contract.
Download or read book A Treatise on the Modern Law of Contracts written by Charles Fisk Beach (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1896 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book FIDIC Contracts in the Americas written by Donald Charrett and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIDIC contracts are the most widely used contracts for international construction around the world and are used in many different jurisdictions, both common law and civil law. For any construction project, the General Conditions of Contract published by FIDIC may need to be supplemented by Particular Conditions that specify the specific requirements of that project and jurisdiction. FIDIC Contracts in the Americas: A Practical Guide to Application provides readers with an overview of the legal environment, the construction industry and features of contract law applying to construction contracts in a number of jurisdictions in the Americas. It provides detailed guidance for the preparation of the Particular Conditions for FIDIC contracts that will comply with the requirements of the applicable laws that apply to the site where the work is carried out, and for the governing law of the contract. This book also details the impact of COVID-19 on both the execution of construction projects and the operation of construction contracts in each jurisdiction. This book is essential reading for construction professionals, lawyers and students of construction law.
Download or read book Internationalism or Extinction written by Noam Chomsky and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his new book, Noam Chomsky writes cogently about the threats to planetary survival that are of growing alarm today. The prospect of human extinction emerged after World War II, the dawn of a new era scientists now term the Anthropocene. Chomsky uniquely traces the duality of existential threats from nuclear weapons and from climate change—including how the concerns emerged and evolved, and how the threats can interact with one another. The introduction and accompanying interviews place these dual threats in a framework of unprecedented corporate global power which has overtaken nation states’ ability to control the future and preserve the planet. Chomsky argues for the urgency of international climate and arms agreements, showing how global popular movements are mobilizing to force governments to meet this unprecedented challenge to civilization’s survival.
Download or read book FIDIC Contracts in Europe written by Donald Charrett and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-11-29 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIDIC contracts are the most widely used contracts for international construction around the world and are used in many different jurisdictions, both common law and civil law. For any construction project, the General Conditions of Contract published by FIDIC need to be supplemented by Particular Conditions that specify the specific requirements of that project. FIDIC Contracts in Europe: A Practical Guide to Application provides readers with detailed guidance and resources for the preparation of the Particular Conditions that will comply with the requirements of the applicable laws that apply to the site where the work is carried out, and for the governing law of the contract, for a number of the jurisdictions in which FIDIC contracts are used. This book closely follows the format of The International Application of FIDIC Contracts, with the addition of an outline of the construction industry and information on the impact of COVID-19 on both the execution and operation of construction contracts in each jurisdiction. This book is essential reading for construction professionals, lawyers and students of construction law.
Download or read book FIDIC Conditions of Contract for Design Build and Operate Projects written by International Federation of Consulting Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hospitality Construction Disputes Post Covid written by Steven Shapiro and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-11-20 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hospitality and construction industries are international economic drivers, with complex economic relationships and diverse legal issues. Cases and rulings are not static and move along a continuum in time and context. The evolution of legal agreements and disputes in hospitality and construction are not confined to any sort of strict schedule. This volume addresses the many cases and experiences of parties, counsel and arbitrators during the pandemic, and discusses issues such as key contract provisions, the impact of the COVID pandemic on investment treaties, and access to arbitral institutions.
Download or read book Quo vadis Commercial Contract written by Mads Andenas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-15 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings volume combines chapters derived from papers presented at the 4th and 5th Annual Conferences on the Future of the Commercial Contract in Scholarship and Law Reform. This ongoing research project brings together scholars from all over the world at an annual international conference in London. The book focusses on technology in commercial contract law as well as on sustainability in commercial contracts. The latter theme was inspired by the United Nations' climate conference that was to take place in Glasgow in the United Kingdom that same year. The book combines topical current issues in commercial contract law and practice organized in three parts. The first part contains contributions to the area of law and technology. The second part of the book expands on aspects of sustainability understood as environmental reasonableness in the context of commercial contracts. The third part includes several chapters on the topics of supervening events and contractual ethics. This book is therefore part of a coherent line of contributions to the furthering of modern contract theory. The choice of topics is closely following current issues of legal policy and contract practice.
Download or read book International Arbitration and the COVID 19 Revolution written by Maxi Scherer and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2020-11-17 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Arbitration and the COVID-19 Revolution Edited by Maxi Scherer, Niuscha Bassiri & Mohamed S. Abdel Wahab The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on all major economic sectors and industries has triggered profound and systemic changes in international arbitration. Moreover, the fact that entire proceedings are now being conducted remotely constitutes so significant a deviation from the norm as to warrant the designation ‘revolution’. This timely book is the first to describe and analyse how the COVID-19 crisis has redefined arbitral practice, with critical appraisal from well-known practitioners of the pandemic’s effects on substantive and procedural aspects from the commencement of proceedings until the enforcement of the award. With practical guidance from a variety of perspectives – legal, practical, and sector-specific – on the conduct of international arbitration during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond, the chapters present leading practitioners’ insights into the unprecedented and multifaceted issues that arise. They provide expert tips and challenges in such practical matters as the following: preventing and resolving disputes of particular types – construction, energy, aviation, technology, media and telecommunication, finance and insurance; arbitrator appointments; issues of planning, preparation and sample procedural orders; witness preparation and cross-examination; e-signature of arbitral awards; setting aside and enforcement proceedings; and third-party funding. Also included are an empirical survey of users’ views and an overview of how the COVID-19 revolution has affected the arbitration rules of leading arbitral seats. With this timely and practical book, arbitration practitioners and scholars will gain up-to-date knowledge of sector-specific challenges brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic and approach arbitration proceedings with an understanding of the most important legal and practical considerations during the crisis and beyond.
