Download or read book Changement climatique l adaptation base communautaire written by Hicham ABDEDINE and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Les populations travaillent avec la nature pour co produire l adaptation aux changements globaux dans les Alpes fran aises written by Enora Bruley and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pour répondre aux objectifs de développement durable dans le contexte du changement climatique, il est désormais urgent pour les sociétés de s'adapter afin de maintenir leur bonne qualité de vie. Celle-ci dépend en grande partie du bon état des écosystèmes et des bénéfices que les sociétés en retirent. Pour relever ce défi, les sociétés doivent rechercher des trajectoires d'adaptation vers un avenir souhaitable, garantissant un usage durable des ressources naturelles. Au cours des dernières décennies, la recherche environnementale a exploré les contributions des écosystèmes au bien-être humain et, plus récemment, leur rôle dans l'adaptation des sociétés aux changements globaux. De nombreuses études se sont focalisées sur l'efficacité et la mise en œuvre de ces « adaptations basées sur les écosystèmes ». Si ces solutions sont de plus en plus considérées pour répondre aux besoins d'adaptation, leur rôle au sein des trajectoires d'adaptation des socio-écosystèmes (SES) reste peu étudié. Mes travaux visent à mieux comprendre comment les écosystèmes peuvent être mobilisés dans les trajectoires d'adaptation aux changements climatiques et socio-économiques des SES. J'ai étudié comment les écosystèmes ont été mobilisés dans la trajectoire passée et l'état actuel d'un SES de montagne : le Pays de la Meije situé dans les Alpes françaises. J'ai également étudié comment ils pourraient être mobilisés dans les futures trajectoires d'adaptation. J'ai développé un cadre conceptuel basé sur celui de l'IPBES et sur le concept associé de « contributions de la nature aux populations » (NCP), considérant que les NCP sont co-produites par l'homme et la nature. Cette approche permet de prendre en compte l'ensemble des capitaux anthropiques et naturels impliqués à chaque étape de la production de bénéfices matériels ou immatériels (Gestion des écosystèmes ; Mobilisation physique et accès à la nature ; et Appropriation et appréciation des bénéfices). J'ai mis en place un processus participatif consultatif basé sur les connaissances, les perceptions et les visions d'une grande diversité d'acteurs locaux et régionaux suivant 4 étapes : (1) Comprendre le fonctionnement actuel du SES au travers des interactions homme/nature participant à la qualité de vie ; (2) Retracer sa trajectoire passée depuis 1900 et caractériser les mécanismes d'adaptation basés sur les écosystèmes ; (3) Co-produire une vision d'avenir pour 2040 et identifier les objectifs d'adaptation basé sur les écosystèmes ; et (4) Co-produire des trajectoires d'adaptation pour atteindre cette vision et identifier les freins et leviers à sa mise en œuvre.J'ai montré que la co-production simultanée de multiples NCP contribue aux principales dimensions de qualité de vie en lien avec le tourisme, l'agriculture et la vie locale. Les adaptations passées ou issues des objectifs de la vision future, reposent sur des changements de co-production des NCP. Elles se traduisent par des reconfigurations des capitaux en réponse à des facteurs souvent externes au SES. J'ai observé un gradient de réponses adaptatives selon l'intensité de la reconfiguration des capitaux menant à la résistance, l'ajustement ou la transformation du SES. J'ai mis en évidence des synergies entre les co-productions formant des fenêtres d'action pour l'adaptation future des communautés locales afin de maintenir le SES dans la trajectoire désirée. Ces fenêtres concernent notamment la gestion collective des écosystèmes ou la création d'opportunités pour l'agriculture. Actions dont la mise en place rencontre de nombreuses barrières humaines et sociales. Ainsi, d'importantes transformations du système social sont requises pour activer les leviers nécessaires, tels que la démocratisation de l'action collective, l'innovation sociale ou encore les connaissances et moyens pour des pratiques adaptatives. Cette approche pourrait permettre une meilleure prise en compte du rôle des écosystèmes dans les stratégies d'adaptation des territoires.
Download or read book L adaptation au changement climatique written by Yahaya Daya Malam Harouna and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "À l'heure actuelle, plusieurs communautés côtières du sud-est du Nouveau-Brunswick sont déjà aux prises avec des impacts liés aux inondations et à l'érosion des côtes. Dans la mémoire collective de ces communautés côtières, les tempêtes de 2000 à 2010 restent des événements marquants. Les impacts sociaux, économiques et environnementaux du changement climatique et la hausse du niveau marin qui en résultent sont importants pour ces communautés côtières où les effets dus aux inondations et à l'érosion pourraient s'accentuer dans les années à venir. Dans cette perspective, notre étude s'intéresse à trois collectivités rurales, situées dans le comté de Kent au sud-est du Nouveau-Brunswick, qui font face au défi de la gouvernance que pose l'adaptation au changement climatique : Cocagne, Grande-Digue et Dundas. Ces communautés sont d'une part vulnérables aux impacts du changement climatique et, d'autre part, leur structure de gouvernance locale ne leur permettent pas de mettre en place une planification durable afin d'accroître la résilience de leur communauté face au défi d'adaptation au changement climatique. Les limites de la gouvernance locale au sein de communautés constituent un frein majeur à la mise en place d'actions en faveur de l'adaptation. L'objectif général de notre travail consiste à comprendre et à fournir un appui à la prise de décision aux collectivités locales pour l'adapation à l'érosion et autres impacts du changement climatique. Cette étude est basée sur la méthodologie de la recherche-action participative qui consiste en un partenariat entre le chercheur et les acteurs sociaux, en l'occurance le Groupe de développement durable du pays de Cocagne, dans la résolutions des problèmes sociaux, économiques et environnementaux. Les résultats de cette recherche démontrent que le milieu associatif joue un rôle mobilisateur très important dans l'accomplissement des missions de sensibilisation, d'information et d'éducation en vue de favoriser un développement local durable. Cette étude nous montre comment une collectivité locale peut se mobiliser au moyen du milieu associatif pour relever le défi de la gouvernance afin de mettre en place sa propre politique de planification et d'aménagement des territoires. Mots-clés: changement climatique, adaptation, gouvernance locale, planification, Nouveau-Brunswick,milieu associatif, développement local, développement durable."--Sommaire.
Download or read book Vivre ensemble le changement climatique Entre subir et agir written by Conseil économique, social et environnemental and published by PUF. This book was released on 2015-11-04T00:00:00+01:00 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le changement climatique est l’affaire de tous les citoyens. Il s’agit d’en comprendre les enjeux et de savoir comment nous pouvons agir, concrètement, pour nous y adapter et pour en atténuer l’intensité. Ce volume collectif, auquel participent des conseillers du CESE et de nombreuses personnalités, abordent les perspectives climatiques, sociales, économiques, écologiques et philosophiques du changement en cours en mettant en lumière notamment les politiques régionales, l’action des associations, des entreprises et celle des particuliers.
Download or read book Community Champions written by Hannah Reid and published by IIED. This book was released on 2010 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adapting to Climate Change written by Gregory R. A. Richardson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impacts of changing climate are already evident in Canada and globally. Scientific understanding of climate change indicates that Canada will experience significant shifts in weather patterns over the period of a single generation, a trend that will likely continue for several centuries. Communities of all sizes will face many new risks and opportunities. Managing the impacts of a changing climate will require developing local strategies.
Download or read book Adapting to Climate Change written by W. Neil Adger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-25 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest science and social science research on whether the world can adapt to climate change.
Download or read book Community Seed Banks written by Ronnie Vernooy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-15 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Community seed banks first appeared towards the end of the 1980s, established with the support of international and national non-governmental organizations. This book is the first to provide a global review of their development and includes a wide range of case studies. Countries that pioneered various types of community seed banks include Bangladesh, Brazil, Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nicaragua, the Philippines and Zimbabwe. In the North, a particular type of community seed bank emerged known as a seed-savers network. Such networks were first established in Australia, Canada, the UK and the USA before spreading to other countries. Over time, the number and diversity of seed banks has grown. In Nepal, for example, there are now more than 100 self-described community seed banks whose functions range from pure conservation to commercial seed production. In Brazil, community seed banks operate in various regions of the country. Surprisingly, despite 25 years of history and the rapid growth in number, organizational diversity and geographical coverage of community seed banks, recognition of their roles and contributions has remained scanty. The book reviews their history, evolution, experiences, successes and failures (and reasons why), challenges and prospects. It fills a significant gap in the literature on agricultural biodiversity and conservation, and their contribution to food sovereignty and security.
Download or read book Rapport de L atelier FAO NEPAD Sur Le Changement Climatique Les Catastrophes Et Les Crises Dans Le Secteur Des P ches Et de L aquaculture en Afrique Occidentale Et Centrale Accra Ghana 1 2 Novembre 2012 written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the regional Workshop on Climate Change, Disasters and Crises in the Fisheries and Aquaculture Sector in West and Central Africa was to contribute to a process that is currently under way to determine the gaps in adaptation and disaster risk management strategies, policies and activities that aim to assist fishers, fish farmers, fish workers and the communities they live in to improve their resilience to the impacts of disasters and climate change, and to identify areas to address these gaps based on the experience of the participants. The workshop was the first of two; the second will focus on Southern and Eastern Africa. Together, they form part of the consultative process of Component C of the NEPAD-FAO Fish Programme (NFFP). The workshop addressed three main questions in respect to the fisheries and aquaculture sector and the impacts of disasters and climate change: (i) what are the impacts on and the vulnerabilities of the sector; (ii) how has the sector adapted and what can be learned from this; and (iii) what else can be done (and how) to reduce vulnerability and strengthen resilience? The workshop recommended adaptation actions at the local, national and regional levels based on practical experiences and examples of actions that have worked or not in the past. The workshop outputs will be used to complement the mapping and gap-analysis paper towards a work plan for Component C of the NFFP. The combined findings of this workshop, the forthcoming one for Southern and Eastern Africa and the mapping and gap analysis will be well placed to feed into the pan-African process of elaborating a comprehensive fisheries reform strategy and ensuring that climate change and disaster impacts are addressed for the fisheries and aquaculture sector.
Download or read book Disaster risk reduction in school curricula case studies from thirty countries written by and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2012 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adaptation and mitigation policies in Cameroon written by Félicien Kengoum and published by CIFOR. This book was released on with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study is to identify new synergistic pathways between climate change mitigation and adaptation policies in Cameroon using an approach based on a literature review of the political processes that led to the introduction of the two strategies. The common feature of the two political processes is the absence of strategy in Cameroon. The country is finding it difficult to assimilate and coordinate these processes at the national level. More attention is being given to mitigation than to adaptation. In any case, it is difficult to formulate any political options without complete studies on the responses to the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation and on the vulnerability of the forest populations and their capacity to absorb climate shocks.
Download or read book Climate and Food Security written by and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1989 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food security and agricultural research; Climatic variability and crop yields; Climatic vulnerability of major food crops; Climatic variability and factors of agricultural production; Climate modeling and climate change; Social and economic implications of climate-food interaction; Strategies for coping with climatic fluctuation and change.
Download or read book Anthropology and Climate Change written by Susan A Crate and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-03 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensively assessing anthropology's engagement with climate change, this volume both maps out exciting trajectories for research and issues a call to action. Linking sophisticated knowledge to effective actions, 'Anthropology and Climate Change' is essential for students and scholars in anthropology and environmental studies.
Download or read book Developing Adaptation Policy and Practice in Europe Multi level Governance of Climate Change written by E. Carina H. Keskitalo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitigation will not be sufficient for us to avoid climate change and we will need to adapt to its consequences. This book targets the development of adaptation policy in European countries with different relations between central and regional/local government.
Download or read book Estimates written by Canada. Indian and Northern Affairs Canada and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Ricardian Analysis of the Impact of Climate Change on African Cropland written by Pradeep Kurukulasuriya and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the impact of climate change on cropland in Africa. It is based on a survey of more than 9,000 farmers in 11 countries: Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Niger, Senegal, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The study uses a Ricardian cross-sectional approach in which net revenue is regressed on climate, water flow, soil, and economic variables. The results show that net revenues fall as precipitation falls or as temperatures warm across all the surveyed farms. In addition to examining all farms together, the study examined dryland and irrigated farms separately. Dryland farms are especially climate sensitive. Irrigated farms have a positive immediate response to warming because they are located in relatively cool parts of Africa. The study also examined some simple climate scenarios to see how Africa would respond to climate change. These uniform scenarios assume that only one aspect of climate changes and the change is uniform across all of Africa. In addition, the study examined three climate change scenarios from Atmospheric Oceanic General Circulation Models. These scenarios predicted changes in climate in each country over time. Not all countries are equally vulnerable to climate change. First, the climate scenarios predict different temperature and precipitation changes in each country. Second, it is also important whether a country is already hot and dry. Third, the extent to which farms are irrigated is also important.
Download or read book Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 2 written by Guillaume Dhérissard and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprises three parts: 1) from local to global, 2) what type of sustainable management? 3) territorial approaches. The first chapter demonstrates, from the French example, that better soil management is a societal issue. At the global level, the second chapter raises the question of land grabbing and land use conflicts. This book also raises the question of the legal status of the soil. It then shows how soils need to be integrated when defining sustainable agricultural systems. French and European examples illustrate how taking environmental problems into account depends as much on their acuity as on how problems are perceived by public and private, social or economic actors. Therefore, it is important to promote co-diagnosis involving the scientific community and the various other actors in order to improve the regulation on soils. This multi-actor soil governance is facilitated by the use of simple soil quality indicators. Finally, examples in France and Vietnam show how soils are to be considered as territorial commons within landscapes. This last chapter recommends in particular to put an end to the absolute right of soil ownership and to distribute the usufruct of land between various private and public beneficiaries.
