Download or read book Change Detection in Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve Using Aerial Photographs written by Thein Yeen Liew and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Application of 35 Mm Color Aerial Photography to Forest Land Change Detection written by N. L. Miller and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Machine Learning Approach to Change Detection Using Multi scale Imagery written by Lisa N. Levien and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The USDA Forest Service and the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection are collaborating on a statewide change detection program to identify landcover change across all ownerships within five-year time periods. This program uses Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite imagery to derive landcover change and aid in assessing its cause. Landscape changes are initially detected using a multi-temporal Kauth-Thomas transform. Unsupervised classification of the transformed imagery creates a preliminary landscape-level change map portraying change classes with multiple levels of vegetation increase, decrease, and no change. Using a stratified random sampling scheme, this preliminary change map facilitates selection of field sites for collecting vegetation canopy cover measurements. Ground truth for the classifier is obtained by estimating canopy cover change over the 5-year timeframe using color-IR digital photos, digital orthophoto quads, and aerial photography. Canopy cover estimates from the second date of photography are calibrated using transect measurements of canopy cover from a sample of field sites. Attributes such as species and vegetative cover are also noted. A machine learning classifier approach is then employed. The classifier uses an inductive learning algorithm to generate production rules from training data, including the transformed change data and other ancillary data layers. The resultant knowledge base is then used by an expert classifier to produce classes of crown closure change. Approximately half of the field sites are reserved for accuracy assessment.
Download or read book Climate Change in Water Resources written by Prof. S. Anbazhagan and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2019-07-05 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change and global warming is one of the burning issues, which need more attention, awareness and understanding. It refers to change in average weather pattern for an extended period of time in terms of decades or millions of years. Climate change is caused by several factors like variation in solar radiation, plate movements and volcanic activities. In addition, human intervention plays a major role in ongoing climate change. The continuous rise in global temperature affecting the hydrological cycle has substantial impact on surface and sub-surface water resources. The Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2000) reports that the surging population, increasing industrialization and associated demands for freshwater, food and energy would be major areas of concern in the climate change aspect. Increase of temperature increases evaporation, resulting in droughts. Under warmer environment, more precipitation will occur as rainfall rather than snow. The changes in monsoon rainfall may be considered as measure to examine climate variability in the context of global warming. Glaciers are an important source for fresh water and considered among the most sensitive indicators of climate change. People living in the catchment areas of the Himalayas face increased risk of floods as glaciers retreat followed by drought and water scarcity. In the coming decades, it is predicted that billions of people in developing countries face shortages of water and food as a result of climate change. Rigorous action has to be taken to enable developing countries to adapt to the effects of climate change. Hence, it is an urgent need for assessing impact and vulnerabilities of climate change, as well as considering possible adaptation options. The deliberations in the conference may be useful in understanding the impact of climate change on water resource, create awareness, learning process for planning and implementing adaptation options.
Download or read book The Tropical Rain Forest written by Marius Jacobs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, tropical forests have received more attention and have been the subject of greater environmental concern than any other kind of vegetation. There is an increasing public awareness of the importance of these forests, not only as a diminishing source of countless products used by mankind, nor for their effects on soil stabilization and climate, but as unrivalled sources of what today we call biodiversity. Threats to the continued existence of the forests represent threats to tens of thousands of species of organisms, both plants and animals. It is all the more surprising, therefore, that there have been no major scientific accounts published in recent years since the classic handbook by Paul W. Richards, The Tropical Rain Forest in 1952. Some excellent popular accounts of tropical rain forests have been published including Paul Richard's The Life of the Jungle, and Catherine Caulfield's In the Rainforest and Jungles, edited by Edward Ayensu. There have been numerous, often conflicting, assessments of the rate of conversion of tropical forests to other uses and explanations of the underlying causes, and in 1978 UNESCO/UNEPI FAO published a massive report, The Tropical Rain Forest, which, although full of useful information, is highly selective and does not fully survey the enormous diversity of the forests.
Download or read book SAS Tracking Handbook written by Barry Davies and published by Skyhorse. This book was released on 2014-08-05 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tracking originated with man’s need for food; he needed to understand what he was following and what the rewards would be if he was successful. Little has changed over time about the terms of tracking. We still track game for sport and food, but we have also found other uses for tracking. Border police patrol to stop illegal immigrants from entering their country; the military tracks down wanted terrorists or enemy forces. Tracking has become a military skill. In the SAS Tracking Handbook, former SAS soldier and British Empire Medal (BEM) award–winner Barry Davies teaches not only how to survive in the outdoors with the skills of tracking, but how to use these skills from a military standpoint. Included in this book are many helpful tips on topics including: The types of dogs used for tracking. Traps for catching wild animals. Modern military tracking. Using your surroundings to your advantage. And much more. The success or failure of the modern tracker is dependent on the personal skills of the individual tracker. Training is vital in learning tracking skills, and continuous exercise the best way to interpret signs. These skills are rarely found, but they remain hidden deep within all of us. So whether you’re already a skilled tracker or a novice in the field, the SAS Tracking Handbook will be your guide to mastering this old and respected art.
Download or read book The Guerrilla and how to Fight Him written by and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Promised Land written by Marcus Colchester and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Computer Processing of Remotely Sensed Images written by Paul M. Mather and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-12-13 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remotely-sensed images of the Earth's surface provide a valuable source of information about the geographical distribution and properties of natural and cultural features. This fully revised and updated edition of a highly regarded textbook deals with the mechanics of processing remotely-senses images. Presented in an accessible manner, the book covers a wide range of image processing and pattern recognition techniques. Features include: New topics on LiDAR data processing, SAR interferometry, the analysis of imaging spectrometer image sets and the use of the wavelet transform. An accompanying CD-ROM with: updated MIPS software, including modules for standard procedures such as image display, filtering, image transforms, graph plotting, import of data from a range of sensors. A set of exercises, including data sets, illustrating the application of discussed methods using the MIPS software. An extensive list of WWW resources including colour illustrations for easy download. For further information, including exercises and latest software information visit the Author's Website at: http://homepage.ntlworld.com/paul.mather/ComputerProcessing3/
Download or read book Towards Climate responsible Peatlands Management written by Riccardo Biancalani and published by Mitigation of Climate Change i. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this guidebook is to support the reduction of GHG emissions from managed peatlands and present guidance for responsible management practices that can maintain peatlands ecosystem services while sustaining and improving local livelihoods. This guidebook also provides an overview of the present knowledge on peatlands, including their geographic distribution, ecological characteristics and socio-economic importance.
Download or read book The Consul s File written by Paul Theroux and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2011-08-04 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Award-winning writer Paul Theroux takes us on a journey through small town Malaysia through the eyes of the exuberant Spencer Savage in his breathtaking novel The Consul's File. Spencer Savage, a young American consul, is posted to Ayer Hitam, a small Malaysian town, in the 1970s. Told to close down this remote outpost in the sweltering jungle, he instead finds himself drawn to the many characters he meets among the Malays, Indians, Japanese, Chinese and the clubbable expat Brits. Through his eyes we see the rich tapestry of multi-ethnic life in post-colonial Malaysia, from adultery to murder, from ghost stories to the murky waters of diplomatic politics. It is a brilliant portrait of a vanished time, a lost landscape and scattered peoples. 'A cool and witty sequence. . . a polished and professional performance' Guardian 'Theroux's writing is at its most adventurous in The Consul's File. There is no book I can compare this to: Mr Theroux's artistry is individual, serene, yet also grainy with fierce truths' The Times American travel writer Paul Theroux is known for the rich descriptions of people and places that is often streaked with his distinctive sense of irony; his novels and collected short stories, My Other Life, The Collected Stories, My Secret History, The Lower River, The Stranger at the Palazzo d'Oro, A Dead Hand, Millroy the Magician, The Elephanta Suite, Saint Jack, The Family Arsenal, The Mosquito Coast, and his works of non-fiction, including the iconic The Great Railway Bazaar are available from Penguin.
Download or read book National Forest Inventories written by Erkki Tomppo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest inventories throughout the world have evolved gradually over time. The content as well as the concepts and de?nitions employed are constantly adapted to the users’ needs. Advanced inventory systems have been established in many countries within Europe, as well as outside Europe, as a result of development work spanning several decades, in some cases more than 100 years. With continuously increasing international agreements and commitments, the need for information has also grown drastically, and reporting requests have become more frequent and the content of the reports wider. Some of the agreements made at the international level have direct impacts on national economies and international decisions, e. g. , the Kyoto Protocol. Thus it is of utmost importance that the forest information supplied is collected and analysed using sound scienti?c principles and that the information from different countries is comparable. European National Forest Inventory (NFI) teams gathered in Vienna in 2003 to discuss the new challenges and the measures needed to get data users to take full advantage of existing NFIs. As a result, the European National Forest Inventory Network (ENFIN), a network of NFIs, was established. The ENFIN members decided to apply for funding for meetings and collaborative activities. COST– European Cooperation in Science and Technology - provided the necessary ?n- cial means for the realization of the program.
Download or read book Virus Dynamics written by Martin Nowak and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2000-11-23 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking book describes the emerging field of theoretical immunology, in particular the use of mathematical models to describe the spread of infectious diseases within patients. It reveals fascinating insights into the dynamics of viral and other infections, and the interactions between infectious agents and immune responses. Structured around the examples of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B, Nowak and May show how mathematical models can help researchers to understand the detailed dynamics of infection and the effects of antiviral therapy. Models are developed to describe the dynamics of drug resistance, immune responses, viral evolution and mutation, and to optimise the design of therapy and vaccines.
Download or read book Dr Eleanor s Book of Common Ants written by Eleanor Spicer Rice and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this witty, accessible, and beautifully illustrated guide, Eleanor Spicer Rice, Alex Wild, and Rob Dunn metamorphose creepy-crawly revulsion into myrmecological wonder. Dr. Eleanor?s Book of Common Ants provides an eye-opening entomological overview of the natural history of species most noted by project participants. Exploring species from the spreading red imported fire ant to the pavement ant, and featuring Wild?s stunning photography, this guide will be a tremendous resource for teachers, students, and scientists alike. But more than this, it will transform the way we perceive the environment around us by deepening our understanding of its littlest inhabitants, inspiring everyone to find their inner naturalist, get outside, and crawl across the dirt?magnifying glass in hand.
Download or read book Swiss National Forest Inventory Methods and Models of the Fourth Assessment written by Christoph Fischer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-24 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Swiss National Forest Inventory (NFI) is a forest survey on national level which started in 1982 and has already reached its 5th survey cycle (NFI5). It can be characterized as a multisource and multipurpose inventory where information is mainly collected from terrestrial field surveys using permanent sample plots. In addition, data from aerial photography, GIS and forest service questionnaires are also included. The NFI's main objective is to provide statistically reliable and sound figures to stakeholders such as politicians, researchers, ecologists, forest service, timber industry, national and international organizations as well as to international projects such as the Forest Resources Assessment of the United Nations. For Switzerland, NFI results are typically reported on national and regional level. State of the art methods are applied in all fields of data collection which have been proven to be of international interest and have even served as a basis for other European NFIs. The presented methods are applicable to any sample based forest inventory around the globe. In 2001 the Swiss NFI published its methods for the first time. Since then, many methodological changes and improvements have been introduced. This book describes the complete set of methods and revisions since NFI2. It covers various topics ranging from inventory design and statistics to remote sensing, field survey methods and modelling. It also describes data quality concepts and the software framework used for data storage, statistical analysis and result presentation.
Download or read book A Review of Dipterocarps written by Simmathiri Appanah and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Municipal Solid Waste Management in Asia and the Pacific Islands written by Agamuthu Pariatamby and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-05 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid waste management issues, technologies and challenges are dynamic. More so, in developing and transitory nations in Asia. This book, written by Asian experts in solid waste management, explores the current situation in Asian countries including Pacific Islands. There are not many technical books of this kind, especially dedicated to this region of the world. The chapters form a comprehensive, coherent investigation in municipal solid waste (MSW) management, including, definitions used, generation, sustainable waste management system, legal framework and impacts on global warming. Several case studies from Asian nations are included to exemplify the real situation experienced. Discussions on MSW policy in these countries and their impacts on waste management and minimization (if any) are indeed an eye-opener. Undoubtedly, this book would be a pioneer in revealing the latest situation in the Asian region, which includes two of the world’s most dynamic nations in the economic growth. It is greatly envisaged to form an excellent source of reference in MSW management in Asia and Pacific Islands. This book will bridge the wide gap in available information between the developed and transitory/developing nations.
