Download or read book Cerebral Energy Metabolism and Metabolic Encephalopathy written by D.W. McCandles and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, there has been rapid growth in knowledge pertaining to the nervous system. This has, in some measure, been due to the development and application of a number of techniques such as the 2-deoxyglucose method and microchemical methods for measuring metabolites and regional cerebral blood flow. Data from the application of these techniques are just beginning to be collected, and the next few years promise to bring many new and exciting findings. The study of energy metabolism in brain is particularly interesting due to the fact that although the brain has scant energy reserves (as compared with the liver), it has one of the highest metabolic rates in the body. Recent studies from several laboratories have shown a surprising divergence of re sponses to metabolic insult in different areas of brain. In this regard, the cer ebellum, for example, may have metabolic features which are uniqve from those of any other region. The high-energy phosphate compounds ATP and phos phocreatine, supplied by the oxidative metabolism of glucose, are necessary for normal cerebral functions such as the maintenance of membrane potentials, transmission of impulses, and synthetic processes. Interruption of substrate or "poisoning" of the system by a variety of means lead to a rapid change in cellular energetics, and ultimately cell death. From the clinical standpoint, an interesting feature of metabolic encephalopathy is that in many cases, early diagnosis and treatment may result in a rapid reversal of symptoms.
Download or read book Cerebral Energy Metabolism and Metabolic Encephalopathy written by D.W. McCandles and published by . This book was released on 1985-04-01 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pathophysiology of Cerebral Energy Metabolism written by B. B. Mrsulja and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introductory Remarks.- Pathophysiology of Cerebral Ischemia.- The Interpretation of Ultrastructural Abnormalities in Cerebral Ischemia.- Short-Term Unilateral Ischemia in Gerbils: A Reevaluation.- Some New Aspects of the Pathochemistry of the Post-Ischemic Period.- Blood Flow, Oxygen, and Electrical Dynamics in Cerebral Ischemia.- Cytochemistry of Hippocampus Following Cerebral Ischemia.- Cerebral Water and Electrolyte Content Following Ischemia and Blood-Brain Barrier Disturbances.- Behavior of the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) in Cerebral Ischemia.- Reemphasis of the Role of 5-Hydroxytryptamine.
Download or read book Brain Disorders in Critical Illness written by Robert D. Stevens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-19 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain dysfunction is a major clinical problem in intensive care, with potentially debilitating long-term consequences for post-ICU patients of any age. The resulting extended length of stay in the ICU and post-discharge cognitive dysfunction are now recognized as major healthcare burdens. This comprehensive clinical text provides intensivists and neurologists with a practical review of the pathophysiology of brain dysfunction and a thorough account of the diagnostic and therapeutic options available. Initial sections review the epidemiology, outcomes, relevant behavioral neurology and biological mechanisms of brain dysfunction. Subsequent sections evaluate the available diagnostic options and preventative and therapeutic interventions, with a final section on clinical encephalopathy syndromes encountered in the ICU. Each chapter is rich in illustrations, with an executive summary and a helpful glossary of terms. Brain Disorders in Critical Illness is a seminal reference for all physicians and neuroscientists interested in the care and outcome of severely ill patients.
Download or read book Cerebral Energy Metabolism written by Avital Schurr and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of brain energy metabolism has taken second place to that of muscle ever since the dawn of this field of research. Consequently, each new discovery made using muscle tissue that advanced our understanding of the biochemistry of energy metabolic processes was attempted to be duplicated in brain tissue. It was only when the brain\´s high energy needs were recognized that researchers realized its vulnerability to any mishap in its energy supplies and that this vulnerability may play a role in various brain disorders. Understanding of the mechanisms by which the brain deals with energy shortage is of utmost importance in shedding light on the fundamentals of brain disorders and their potential treatment. To achieve such understanding, accurate measurement of brain energy metabolic rates is necessary. This chapter summarizes the history of the current knowledge of the biochemical processes responsible for the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the brain. It briefly reviews the various techniques used to measure cerebral metabolic rates of oxygen (CMRO2) and glucose (CMRglucose), and elaborates on the potential of measuring the cerebral metabolic rate of lactate (CMRlactate) to improve our understanding of brain energy metabolism.
Download or read book Hepatic Encephalopathy written by Roger F. Butterworth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cerebral Energy Metabolism written by Amir Samii and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies on cerebral energy metabolism in experimental models of coma and stroke written by Ornella Garofalo and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brain Energy Metabolism written by Johannes Hirrlinger and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2014-09-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain Energy Metabolism addresses its challenging subject by presenting diverse technologies allowing for the investigation of brain energy metabolism on different levels of complexity. Model systems are discussed, starting from the reductionist approach like primary cell cultures which allow assessing of the properties and functions of a single brain cell type with many different types of analysis, however, at the expense of neglecting the interaction between cell types in the brain. On the other end, analysis in animals and humans in vivo is discussed, maintaining the full complexity of the tissue and the organism but making high demands on the methods of analysis. Written for the popular Neuromethods series, chapters include the kind of detailed description and key implementation advice that aims to support reproducible results in the lab. Meticulous and authoritative, Brain Energy Metabolism provides an ideal guide for researchers interested in brain energy metabolism with the hope of stimulating more research in this exciting and very important field.
Download or read book Alterations and Compartmentalization of Cerebral Energy Metabolism written by Bruce James Andersen and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metabolism of the Nervous System written by Derek Richter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolism of the Nervous System contains the proceedings of the 2nd International Neurochemical Symposium, held at Aarhus, Denmark, in July 1956. The book discusses the molecular structure and morphology of the adult nervous tissue; the chemical composition and cytochemical localization of adult nervous tissue; and the permeability and blood-brain barrier. The text also describes topics on electrolytes and nervous conduction; the metabolism of isolated nerve and ganglion; and the metabolism of the brain in vivo. The metabolism of brain tissue preparations in vitro; energy metabolism and coenzymes in relation to the nervous system; and lipid and fatty acid metabolism are also considered. The book further tackles nucleic acid metabolism; protein and amino acid metabolism; and cholinergic and non-cholinergic transmission. The text also discusses other pharmacologically active compounds related to the adult nervous tissue.
Download or read book Brain Energetics and Neuronal Activity written by Robert G. Shulman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-08-19 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is unique in linking in vivo 13C NMR measurements of neuronal activity and energetics with applications to functional imaging and certain disease states It provides a fundamental neurochemical explanation of brain activity applicable to functional imaging, theories of neuronal activity and disease states, e.g. epilepsy, psychiatric diseases and developmental disorders. Novel and potentially controversial Will inspire future research directions
Download or read book Brain Dysfunction in Metabolic Disorders written by Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cerebral Circulation written by Marilyn J. Cipolla and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.
Download or read book Metabolic Brain Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for up to one-third of combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to some estimates. TBI is also a major problem among civilians, especially those who engage in certain sports. At the request of the Department of Defense, the IOM examined the potential role of nutrition in the treatment of and resilience against TBI.
Download or read book Energy Metabolism and Brain Damage written by Gerardus Hyacinthus Maria Prenen and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
