Download or read book The Cerebral Circulation written by Marilyn J. Cipolla and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.
Download or read book The Cerebral Circulation written by Marilyn J. Cipolla and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands, and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic, and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death. This chapter will review these special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy and Ultrastructure / Perivascular Innervation / Regulation of Cerebrovascular Tone / Control of Cerebral Blood Flow / Barriers of the CNS / Summary / References
Download or read book Intracranial Atherosclerosis written by Jong S. Kim and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-01-26 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intracranial atherosclerosis is the dominant cause of stroke inover 70% of the world’s population. Globalization is leadingto an increasingly heterogeneous society everywhere. Advances inimaging techinology allow this previously inaccessible pathology tobe clinically studied. Edited by internationally renowned clinicians, IntracranialAtherosclerosis is the first book to examine intracranialcauses of stroke. Clinical practice is allied with basic science toguide all those with an interest in stroke on the diagnosis andmanagement of intracranial atherosclerosis.
Download or read book Vertebrobasilar Ischemia and Hemorrhage written by Louis R. Caplan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-02 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of vascular disease in the vertebrobasilar circulation by one of the world's leading authorities, fully updated throughout.
Download or read book Manifestations of Stroke written by M. Paciaroni and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2012-02-16 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stroke is the most common neurologic disease and the leading cause of adult disability in Western countries. The initial diagnosis of stroke is clinical and needs to be done as rapidly as possible to guarantee optimal medical and interventional therapy. The emergency stroke management depends heavily upon stroke scores to quantify the damage and to speed up the diagnosis process. Unfortunately, several important stroke syndromes are not taken into consideration in these currently used stroke scores and therefore tend to be overlooked and not treated. Compiled by leading international experts, this book provides an excellent overview on current stroke syndromes, including particularly problematic clinical pictures. Thus, together with stroke scores, the publication will lead to more thorough assessments in emergency settings. This book is indispensable for neurologists, neurosurgeons, neuroradiologists and physicians involved in the care of stroke patients.
Download or read book Applied Cerebral Angiography written by Gianni Boris Bradac and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-07 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers detailed guidance on the diagnostic use of cerebral angiography based on precise description of the angiographic appearances of normal anatomy and pathological conditions. In this third edition, every chapter has been thoroughly revised and enlarged to reflect new knowledge and experiences, and more attention is paid to the correlations between anatomopathological findings and clinical manifestations. Beyond explaining the diagnostic value of cerebral angiography, a key aim is to equip readers with the precise knowledge of the anatomy of cerebral vessels required for optimal application of endovascular therapy of pathologies involving the arteries and veins of the brain. As in preceding editions, the book is divided into two parts. The first part describes the normal anatomy, with attention to morphological aspects, embryological development, function, and vascular territories. The intraorbital and extracranial vascularization is also fully considered. The knowledge provided will serve as a sound basis for the correct interpretation of pathological processes and their clinical significance, as covered in depth in the second part of the book.
Download or read book Stroke Syndromes 3ed written by Louis R. Caplan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-12 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive survey of dysfunction due to stroke, this revised edition remains the definitive guide to stroke patterns and syndromes.
Download or read book Neurovascular Surgery written by Julius July and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents the diagnosis, investigation and treatment of neurovascular diseases, and offers expert opinions and advice on avoiding complications in neurovascular surgery. It also covers complication management and post-operative follow-up care. The book is divided in to three parts; the first part discusses common approaches in neurovascular surgery, describing the steps, indications for and limitations of the approach, as well as the associated complications and how to avoid them. The second part addresses surgical treatment based on pathology, taking the different locations of lesions into consideration. The third part focuses on the technological developments that support neurovascular surgery, which may not be available everywhere, but have been included to help vascular surgeon understand the principles. This book is a guide for young neurosurgeons, neurosurgery residents and neurosurgery fellows, as well as for medical students and nurses who are interested in neurosurgery or are associated with this field in any way. It is also a useful teaching aid for senior neurosurgeons.
Download or read book Neurovascular Imaging written by Shoki Takahashi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The comparison of MR images and cadaver microangiograms of the basal perforating arteries is crucial for understanding the courses and supply areas of these vessels and in turn, for diagnosing pathologies in this region. Divided into three sections- normal anatomy of brain vessels; neurovascular imaging in pathology; and anatomy and imaging of spinal vessels- Neurovascular Imaging contains a rich collection of images to teach the reader how to interpret MR images of the brain vessels and spinal vessels, and how to identify pathological signs. Written and edited by a group of highly acclaimed experts in the field, Neurovascular Imaging is an authoritative account of the interpretation of MR images of the brain vessels and spinal vessels, and is a valuable addition to the library of the diagnostic radiologist.
Download or read book Cerebral Small Vessel Disease written by Leonardo Pantoni and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-05 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up-to-date discussion of the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this common cause of stroke and cognitive impairment.
Download or read book Transcranial Doppler Sonography written by Rune Aaslid and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every few years a dissertation comes to the area of clinical application of medical technology which carries us forward as on a magic carpet into new regions of understanding and patient care. This book is such a magic carpet. It brings together, in a clear and incisive fashion, important hemodynamic principles with a simple noninvasive method of application to a part of the cerebral vasculature which has been relatively inaccessible. To the lucky and perceptive person who reads this book, a feeling of excitement and hope for progress is engendered. The diligent application of the potentials of transcranial Doppler ultrasound brings new power to our efforts in understanding the cerebral circulation and the causes, treatment and prevention of cerebrovascular disorders. Merrill P. Spencer, M. D. Director Institute of Applied Physiology and Medicine Seattle, Wash. , July 1986 Acknowledgements I am greatly indebted to Prof. He1ge Nornes, Oslo, who introduced me to the fascinating study of cerebral hemodynamics in the early 1970's and since then continually encouraged my interest in this field. It was through his pioneering work on the cerebral circulation-using peroperative electromagnetic flowmetry and Doppler techniques-that the basis was laid for the noninvasive trans cranial approach to the circle of Willis described in this book. I also gratefully acknowledge the stimulating case discussions with Prof. Peter Huber, Berne, at the very early introduction of trans cranial Doppler, the inspiring exchange of ideas with Dr. Merrill P.
Download or read book Acute Ischemic Stroke written by R. Gilberto González and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-05 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated second edition of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Imaging and Intervention provides a comprehensive account of the state of the art in the diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke. The basic format of the first edition has been retained, with sections on fundamentals such as pathophysiology and causes, imaging techniques and interventions. However, each chapter has been revised to reflect the important recent progress in advanced neuroimaging and the use of interventional tools. In addition, a new chapter is included on the classification instruments for ischemic stroke and their use in predicting outcomes and therapeutic triage. All of the authors are internationally recognized experts and members of the interdisciplinary stroke team at the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School. The text is supported by numerous informative illustrations, and ease of reference is ensured through the inclusion of suitable tables. This book will serve as a unique source of up-to-date information for neurologists, emergency physicians, radiologists and other health care providers who care for the patient with acute ischemic stroke.
Download or read book Cerebral Angiography written by Gianni Boris Bradac and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-24 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised and enlarged edition of Cerebral Angiography, which includes new angiographic studies and illustrative drawings, offers detailed guidance on diagnostic use of the procedure. The first part of the book describes the normal anatomy of the cerebral arteries and veins, with attention to morphological aspect, embryological development, function and vascular territories. The intraorbital and extracranial vascularization is also considered. The reader will gain a sound knowledge of normal vascular anatomy and its variations that will serve as a basis for the correct interpretation of pathological processes and their clinical significance, as covered in the second part of the book. Among the pathologies considered are vascular abnormalities, including angiomas, fistulas and aneurysms; atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic stenosis and occlusion of the cerebral vessels; venous thrombosis; intraorbital and extracranial vascular malformations. Pathogenesis, morphological and dynamic aspects, responsible for clinical symptoms and influencing the therapy are described. While the emphasis throughout is on the diagnostic value of cerebral angiography, many examples of endovascular treatment in different pathological situations are also presented, with discussion of indications, risks and results.
Download or read book Telestroke the Use of Telemedicine in Stroke Care written by Thierry Moulin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue is a dedicated supplement published in addition to the regular issues of 'Cerebrovascular Diseases' focussing on one specific topic. 'Cerebrovascular Diseases' is a well-respected, international peer-reviewed journal in Neurology. Supplement issues are included in the subscription.
Download or read book Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care written by Basil F. Matta and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Core Topics in Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care is an authoritative and practical clinical text that offers clear diagnostic and management guidance for a wide range of neuroanesthesia and neurocritical care problems. With coverage of every aspect of the discipline by outstanding world experts, this should be the first book to which practitioners turn for easily accessible and definitive advice. Initial sections cover relevant anatomy, physiology and pharmacology, intraoperative and critical care monitoring and neuroimaging. These are followed by detailed sections covering all aspects of neuroanesthesia and neurointensive care in both adult and pediatric patients. The final chapter discusses ethical and legal issues. Each chapter delivers a state-of-the art review of clinical practice, including outcome data when available. Enhanced throughout with numerous clinical photographs and line drawings, this practical and accessible text is key reading for trainee and consultant anesthetists and critical care specialists.
Download or read book Manual of Neurosonology written by László Csiba and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurosonology is non-invasive, portable, and has excellent temporal resolution, making it a valuable and increasingly popular tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological conditions when compared to other imaging techniques. This guide looks beyond the use of neurovascular ultrasound in stroke to encompass a wide range of other neurological diseases and emergencies. It offers a practical approach to the examination of patients, interpretation of ultrasound studies, and the application of neurosonology to the development of management and treatment strategies. Each chapter incorporates a thorough and clear procedural methodology alongside scanning tips for trainees; this step-by-step approach is further enhanced by example images and focused diagnostic questions. Authored and edited by international experts, this practical manual of neurosonology is an invaluable resource for neurologists, neurosurgeons, intensivists, radiologists, and ultrasonographers.
Download or read book Ultrasonography in Vascular Diagnosis written by Wilhelm Schäberle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-07 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second edition of a well-received book that has been recommended for inclusion in any vascular library or vascular radiology suite. The first edition has been fully revised so as to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date account of vascular ultrasound that reflects recent advances. The emphasis remains on the clinical aspects most relevant to angiologists and vascular surgeons. Ultrasound anatomy is discussed, examination procedures explained, normal and pathological findings described, and the clinical impact of ultrasound assessed. Atlas sections present pertinent case material to illustrate typical ultrasound findings for both the more common vascular diseases and rarer conditions. This book will serve not only as an invaluable guide for beginners, but also as an indispensable reference for experienced sonographers, who will benefit from the detailed evaluation of the role of ultrasound as compared with other modalities and the discussion of ultrasound findings in their clinical context.
