Download or read book Cephalic Neural Crest and Placodes written by C.D.A. Verwoerd and published by Springer. This book was released on 1979-11-01 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 3-4 week human embryos, the ectoderm covering the head shows considerable re gional differences in both structure and thickness. The temporary appearance of circumscribed areas of relatively thick ectoderm has been observed in embryos of a variety of vertebrates. These areas, discovered by Van Wijhe (1882) in fish embryos, were called placodes by Von Kupffer (1894). These placodes have been studied extensively in embryos of lower vertebrates, probably be cause they can be clearly distinguished in these animals and are readily accessible for experiments. Areas of thick ectoderm in human embryos, first described by Bartelmez and Evans (1926), cover nearly the entire lateral side of the primordium of the head, but do not seem to be identical with the above-mentioned placodes. In human embryos, and in mammalian embryos in general, the placodes are probably part of these larger regions of thick ectoderm. Only incomplete and contradictory data are to be found in the literature on both the origin and development of the areas of thin and thick ectoderm. The relationship between placodes and the larger regions of thick ectoderm has scar cely been studied. In the research described here, some aspects of the problem of the initial develop ment of the ectoderm of the head were studied more closely. In addition, attention was also paid to the general morphology of the young mouse embryo to supplement a previous study (Snell, 1941).
Download or read book Cranial Placodes and Neural Crest Interactions in Craniofacial Development written by Jean-Pierre Saint-Jeannet and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-06-16 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cephalic Neural Crest and Placodes written by C.D.A. Verwoerd and published by Springer. This book was released on 1979 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neural Crest and Placodes written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-02-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural Crest and Placodes provides in-depth coverage of the topic, including information on their critical role in vertebrate development, evolution, and the way defects in their development underlie a wide range of congenital disorders. It delves deep into advances made in our understanding of the mechanisms governing the formation, migration, and differentiation of these two cell populations, also discussing their integration during embryonic development. The text highlights the application of fundamental knowledge in investigating the etiology and pathogenesis of congenital disorders and the ways the data applies to the field of regenerative medicine.
Download or read book Induction and Segregation of the Vertebrate Cranial Placodes written by Byung-Yong Park and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During evolution the vertebrate head has acquired a number of unique features including specialized paired sense organs and cranial sensory ganglia. These evolutionary novelties arise from discrete thickenings of the head ectoderm known as cranial placodes. They include the adenohypophyseal, olfactory, lens, trigeminal, profundal, otic, epibranchial and lateral line placodes. While distinct in the derivatives and cell types they will form, all cranial placodes originate from a common preplacodal domain surrounding the anterior neural plate. Recent evidence suggests that the induction of this pre-placodal domain and its subsequent subdivision into individual placodes with specific identities is a multi-step process. Here we describe the development of these placodes and their derivatives and summarize recent advances in the characterization of the repertoire of transcription factors underlying their development. We also review recent studies that have started to address the role of several classes of signaling molecules in placode induction and segregation, including Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, Fibroblast Growth Factors and Wnt molecules. Table of Contents: Introduction / Cranial Placodes and Their Derivatives / Molecular Identity of Cranial Placodes / Induction and Segregation of the Cranial Placodes / Conclusion / Acknowledgments / References / Author Biographies
Download or read book The Neural Crest in Development and Evolution written by Brian K. Hall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of the neural crest and neural crest cells, dealing with their discovery, their embryological and evolutionary origins, their cellular derivatives - in both agnathan and jawed vertebrates or gnathostomes - and the broad topics of migration and differentiation in normal development. The book also considers what goes wrong when development is misdirected by mutations, or by exposure of embryos to exogenous agents such as drugs, alcohol, or excess vitamin A, and includes discussions of tumours and syndromes and birth defects involving neural crest cells.
Download or read book Developmental and Evolutionary Aspects of the Neural Crest written by Paul F. A. Maderson and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1987-10-23 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brings together important contributions by professionals in a range of fields. Its three major sections focus on the developmental biology of the neural crest; recent advances in this area, and how current insights are contributing to our understanding of the development and organization of the nervous system; and the relationship between the neural crest and skeletal evolution. Topics discussed include interactions between cephalic neural crest and mesodermal populations, the role of tissue interactions in the evolution of the vertebrate head, tooth development in the mammalian embryo in relation to the neural crest, and much more. Extensively illustrated with over 130 pieces of artwork.
Download or read book The Evolutionary Origins of Neural Crest and Placodes written by Philip Barron Abitua and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sudden appearance of neural crest and neurogenic placodes in early branching vertebrates has puzzled biologists for over a century. These embryonic tissues contribute to the development of the cranium and associated sensory organs, which were crucial for the evolution of the vertebrate head. The evolution of neural crest and neurogenic placodes has been postulated as a key event leading to the appearance of new cell types that fostered the transition from filter feeding to active predation in ancestral vertebrates. However, the evolutionary origin of neural crest and neurogenic placodes has remained obscure due to the lack of embryonic data from tunicates, the closest living relative to the vertebrates. We provide evidence that the tunicate Ciona intestinalis possesses a cephalic melanocyte lineage (a9.49) similar to neural crest that can be reprogrammed into migrating ectomesenchyme by the targeted misexpression of Twist. Our results suggest that the neural crest melanocyte regulatory network predated the divergence of tunicates and vertebrates. We propose that the co-option of mesenchyme determinants, such as Twist, into the neural plate ectoderm was crucial for the emergence of the vertebrate "new head". Furthermore, we show that Ciona intestinalis possesses a preplacodal ectoderm (PPE) that is specified by a BMP antagonist and expresses the key regulatory determinant Six1/2, a developmental program conserved across vertebrates. The Ciona PPE is shown to produce ciliated neurons that express gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), a G protein-coupled receptor for relaxin-3 (RXFP3), and a functional cyclic nucleotide gated channel (CNGA), suggestive of dual chemosensory and neurosecretory activities. These observations provide the first evidence that Ciona possesses a neurogenic placode, which produces multifunctional sensory and neurosecretory cells related to those derived from olfactory placodes of vertebrates. In vertebrates, GnRH neuroblasts are first formed in the olfactory placode and use the axon tracts of chemosensory neurons to guide them to their final destination in the hypothalamus. Tracing experiments have shown that olfactory and GnRH neurons form a direct neuronal circuit. We speculate that the PPE-derived neurons in Ciona resemble an ancestral cell type, a progenitor to the complex neuronal circuit that integrates sensory information and neuroendocrine control in vertebrates.
Download or read book Neural Crest Induction and Differentiation written by Jean-Pierre Saint-Jeannet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-08-28 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an international panel of recognized leaders in the field, Neural Crest Induction and Differentiation discusses all aspects of modern neural crest biology from its evolutionary significance to its specification, migration, plasticity and contribution to multiple lineages of the vertebrate body, to the pathologies associated with abnormal neural crest development and function. Abundant color figures enhance the text providing clear and attractive illustrations of central issues and concepts.
Download or read book Vertebrate Cranial Placodes written by GERHARD. SCHLOSSER and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the cranial sense organs of vertebrates arise from embryonic structures known as cranial placodes. Such placodes also give rise to sensory neurons that transmit information to the brain as well as to many neurosecretory cells. This book focuses on the development of sensory and neurosecretory cell types from cranial placodes by introducing the vertebrate head with its sense organs and neurosecretory organs and providing an overview of the various cranial placodes and their derivatives, including evidence of common embryonic primordia. Schlosser discusses how these primordia are established in the early embryo and how individual placodes develop. The latter chapters explain how various placodally derived sensory and neurosecretory cell types differentiate into discrete structures.
Download or read book Craniofacial Development written by Peter Thorogood and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neural Crest Cells written by Paul Trainor and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-11-23 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural Crest Cells: Evolution, Development and Disease summarizes discoveries of historical significance and provides in-depth, current analyses of the evolution of neural crest cells, their contribution to embryo development, and their roles in disease. In addition, prospects for tissue engineering, repair and regeneration are covered, offering a timely synthesis of the current knowledge in neural crest cell research. A comprehensive resource on neural crest cells for researchers studying cell biology, developmental biology, stem cells and neurobiology, Neural Crest Cells: Evolution, Development and Disease provides foundational information needed for students , practicing physicians and dentists treating patients with craniofacial defects. BMA Medical Book Awards 2014 - Highly Commended,Basic and Clinical Sciences,2014, British Medical Association Provides timely, comprehensive synthesis of the current knowledge of neural crest cells Covers the evolution and development of neural crest cells Includes content on applications for tissue engineering, repair and regeneration
Download or read book The Neural Crest written by Nicole Le Douarin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-11-28 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1999 edition of The Neural Crest contains comprehensive information about the neural crest, a structure unique to the vertebrate embryo, which has only a transient existence in early embryonic life. The ontogeny of the neural crest embodies the most important issues in developmental biology, as the neural crest is considered to have played a crucial role in evolution of the vertebrate phylum. Data that analyse neural crest ontogeny in murine and zebrafish embryos have been included in this revision. This revised edition also takes advantage of recent advances in our understanding of markers of neural crest cell subpopulations, and a full chapter is now devoted to cell lineage analysis. The major research breakthrough since the first edition has been the introduction of molecular biology to neural crest research, enabling an elucidation of many molecular mechanisms of neural crest development. This book is essential reading for students and researchers in developmental biology, cell biology, and neuroscience.
Download or read book Evolution and Development of Fishes written by Zerina Johanson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World-class palaeontologists and biologists summarise the state-of-the-art on fish evolution and development.
Download or read book Mayo Clinic Medical Neurosciences written by Eduardo E. Benarroch and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully updated and revised according to student feedback, the sixth edition of Mayo Clinic Medical Neurosciences: Organized by Neurologic System and Level provides a systematic approach to anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the nervous system inspired by the neurologist's approach to solving clinical problems. This volume has 4 sections: 1) an overview of the neurosciences necessary for understanding anatomical localization and pathophysiologic characterization of neurologic disorders; 2) an approach to localizing lesions in the 7 longitudinal systems of the nervous system; 3) an approach to localizing lesions in the 4 horizontal levels of the nervous system; and 4) a collection of clinical problems. This book provides the neuroscience framework to support the neurologist in a clinical setting and is also a great resource for neurology and psychiatry board certifications. This is the perfect guide for all medical students and neurology, psychiatry, and physical medicine residents at early stages of training. New to This Edition - A chapter devoted to multiple-choice questions for self-assessment - Discussion of emerging concepts in molecular, cellular, and system neurosciences - New chapters on emotion and consciousness systems - Incorporation of new discoveries in neuroimaging and an appendix for tables of medications commonly used to treat neurologic disorders
Download or read book Textbook of Clinical Neuroanatomy written by Vishram Singh and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-08-14 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is primarily designed for undergraduate medical and dental students. Also, it is an authoritative reference source for postgraduates and practicing neurologists and neurosurgeons. All chapters revised and updated, including details on cranial nerves and their lesions, blood supply and cerebrovascular accidents, motor and sensory disorders. new line diagrams, and real life photographs and MRI scans. Simple, to-the-point, easy-to-understand exam-oriented text Numerous, four coloured, large sized, and easy-to-draw diagrams Text provides unique problem based clinical and functional perspective
Download or read book Principles of Developmental Genetics written by Sally A. Moody and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-07-19 with total page 1094 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike anything currently available in the market, Dr. Sally A. Moody and a team of world-renowned experts provide a groundbreaking view of developmental genetics that will influence scientific approaches in embryology, comparative biology, as well as the newly emerging fields of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. Principles of Developmental Genetics highlights the intersection of developmental biology with new revolutionary genomic technologies, and details how these advances have accelerated our understanding of the molecular genetic processes that regulates development. This definitive resource provides researchers with the opportunity to gain important insights into the clinical applicability of emerging new technologies and animal model data. This book is a must-have for all researchers in genetics, developmental biology, regenerative medicine, and stem cell biology. • Includes new research not previously published in any other book on the molecular genetic processes that regulates development • Chapters present a broad understanding on the application of animal model systems, allowing researchers to better treat clinical disorders and comprehend human development • Relates the application of new technologies to the manipulation of stem cells, causes of human birth defects, and several human disease conditions • Each chapter includes a bulleted summary highlighting clinical aspects of animal models
