Download or read book Central Nervous System Nutrient sensing and the Regulation of Energy and Glucose Homeostasis written by Ka Lo Carol Lam and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Central Nervous System Nutrient sensing and the Regulation of Energy and Glucose Homeostasis written by Carol Ka-Lo Lam and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypothalamic lactate metabolism regulates hepatic glucose and lipid homeostasis, however it remains unclear whether hypothalamic lactate also controls energy homeostasis. Furthermore, the precise downstream molecular and signaling pathway(s) involved in hypothalamic lactate-sensing is yet to be fully elucidated. To specifically address these two questions, we tested the hypothesis that hypothalamic lactate metabolism regulates energy homeostasis (Study 1) and assessed whether the activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) of the brainstem is required for hypothalamic lactate, and sufficient per se, to regulate glucose homeostasis (Study 2). In an in vivo rat model, we reported in Study 1 that central lactate lowers food intake and body weight through its metabolism into pyruvate. In Study 2, we identified that hypothalamic lactate metabolism requires the activation of NMDA receptors in the NTS to lower hepatic glucose production. Moreover, we showed that the activation of NTS NMDA receptors per se lowers hepatic glucose production. In summary, these findings advance the understanding of central nutrient-sensing in the regulation of energy and glucose homeostasis, which is critical in bridging the therapeutic gap of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Download or read book Brain Nutrient Sensing in the Control of Energy Balance New Insights and Perspectives written by Céline Cruciani-Guglielmacci and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present Research Topic proposes reviews and original articles covering the complex field of study of the importance of brain nutrient-sensing in the control of energy balance. It aims to give a clear view on the current questions addressed by the scientific community, and to raise new questions to achieve a full understanding of the impact of nutrient-sensing, and more generally nutrition, on brain functions.
Download or read book Fuel Homeostasis and the Nervous System written by Mladen Vranic and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has a dual purpose, to review in depth the control of fuel homeostasis in the brain and the role of the nervous system in the control of fuel deposition in the body. From the methodological point of view the emphasis is on the application of advanced technologies to assess fuel transport and brain metabolism, the role of peptides in the neuroendocrine system and the response of the brain to hypoglycemia. These technologies include positron emmission tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance, immunocytochemistry, molecular biology, autoradiography. To study fuel homeostasis in the body advanced tracer methods that include modelling are set out. From the pathophysiological point of view the emphasis is on abnormalities in stress, brain metabolism in diabetes, eating and degenerative disorders. This book contains contributions from endocrinologists, physiologists, neurologists, psychoneuroendocrinOlogists, biophysicists, biochemists and experts in nutrition. This authorship represents a unique diversity of researchers who, for the first time, cover comprehensively the interaction between the nervous system and fuel homeostasis, both in health and disease. We hope this book will be an important source of information for both researchers and practicing clinicians. Mladen Vranic Suad Efendic Charles Hollenberg v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Symposium from which this volume arose (University of Toronto, June 27-28, 1990) was the first Toronto-Stockholm symposium on Perspectives in Diabetes Research. These Symposia are organized triennially by the Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto and the Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.
Download or read book Type 2 Diabetes written by Anca Pantea Stoian and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-09-22 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic high blood glucose levels. Of the various types of diabetes, type 2 diabetes is increasing in prevalence due to obesity, aging, sedentarism, and other factors. This book presents a novel approach to preventing and treating type 2 diabetes. Chapters cover such topics as diagnosis, pathogenesis, management, lifestyle and nutritional intervention, and systems to support early diagnosis and prevention of prediabetes.
Download or read book CNS Hormonal and Nutritional Regulation of Glucose and Energy Homeostasis written by Mona Abraham and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) and the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) regions contain a leaky blood-brain barrier and therefore act as critical sites of action for circulating hormones and nutrients on glucose and energy homeostasis. For example, hormones such as insulin, leptin and glucagon and nutrients such as lipids, glucose and amino acids act in the MBH and DVC to regulate hepatic glucose production, glucose tolerance, food intake and body weight, but the underlying CNS sensory mechanisms in rodents and humans remain elusive. The current dissertation unveils novel mechanisms for glucagon action in the MBH and glycine sensing in the DVC in rats and mice that maintain glucose and energy homeostasis. In Study 1, we discovered that KATP channel is necessary for MBH glucagon action to exert glucose control. In Study 2, we found that pharmacological and molecular manipulation of glycine transporter 1 in the DVC enhances glycine sensing and potently regulates glucose and energy homeostasis. In conclusion, I have discovered novel mechanisms for glucagon and glycine sensing in the brain that regulate glucose and energy homeostasis, and have unveiled CNS therapeutic targets for diabetes and obesity.
Download or read book Glucose Sensing written by Chris D. Geddes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-29 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential reference for any laboratory working in the analytical fluorescence glucose sensing field. The increasing importance of these techniques is typified in one emerging area by developing non-invasive and continuous approaches for physiological glucose monitoring. This volume incorporates analytical fluorescence-based glucose sensing reviews, specialized enough to be attractive to professional researchers, yet appealing to a wider audience of scientists in related disciplines of fluorescence.
Download or read book Glucose Metabolism in the Brain written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-11-04 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulation of glucose at the biochemical level affects every area of the brain, and has impact from cellular to behavioral brain function. It plays an important role in diseases such as diabetes, stroke, schizophrenia and drug abuse as well as in normal and dysfunctional memory and cognition. This volume represents a thorough examination of all the major issues that are relevant to glucose metabolism by brain cells in relation to disease, combining basic research and clinical findings in a single, indispensable reference. Serves as an essential reference on glucose metabolism in the brain Presents authoritative accounts by leading researchers in the field Includes thorough reviews with provocative sections on future directions
Download or read book Neuroendocrine Control of Feeding Behavior written by Serge H. Luquet and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-11-20 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis. Hypothalamic neuronal circuits thus represent a privileged target for the treatment of eating disorders and metabolic diseases. The present eBook constitutes a unique collection of research articles and reviews that highlight new concepts and recent findings about the neuroendocrine control of feeding behavior.
Download or read book Brain Energy Metabolism written by Johannes Hirrlinger and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2014-09-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain Energy Metabolism addresses its challenging subject by presenting diverse technologies allowing for the investigation of brain energy metabolism on different levels of complexity. Model systems are discussed, starting from the reductionist approach like primary cell cultures which allow assessing of the properties and functions of a single brain cell type with many different types of analysis, however, at the expense of neglecting the interaction between cell types in the brain. On the other end, analysis in animals and humans in vivo is discussed, maintaining the full complexity of the tissue and the organism but making high demands on the methods of analysis. Written for the popular Neuromethods series, chapters include the kind of detailed description and key implementation advice that aims to support reproducible results in the lab. Meticulous and authoritative, Brain Energy Metabolism provides an ideal guide for researchers interested in brain energy metabolism with the hope of stimulating more research in this exciting and very important field.
Download or read book The Pancreatic Beta Cell written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-02-20 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1943, Vitamins and Hormones is the longest-running serial published by Academic Press. The Series provides up-to-date information on vitamin and hormone research spanning data from molecular biology to the clinic. A volume can focus on a single molecule or on a disease that is related to vitamins or hormones. A hormone is interpreted broadly so that related substances, such as transmitters, cytokines, growth factors and others can be reviewed. This volume focuses on the pancreatic beta cell. Expertise of the contributors Coverage of a vast array of subjects In depth current information at the molecular to the clinical levels Three-dimensional structures in color Elaborate signaling pathways
Download or read book Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus written by E. I. Sokolov and published by VSP. This book was released on 1997-04 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the result of the study of metabolic and hormonal disorders in patients suffering obesity and diabetes mellitus, focusing on mechanisms of formation of atherosclerotic changes in the myocardium and vessels in diabetes mellitus patient.
Download or read book Fat Detection written by Jean-Pierre Montmayeur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-09-14 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the State-of-the-Art in Fat Taste TransductionA bite of cheese, a few potato chips, a delectable piece of bacon - a small taste of high-fat foods often draws you back for more. But why are fatty foods so appealing? Why do we crave them? Fat Detection: Taste, Texture, and Post Ingestive Effects covers the many factors responsible for the se
Download or read book Hormones Metabolism and the Benefits of Exercise written by Bruce Spiegelman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-07 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world is faced with an epidemic of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. This is due to changes in dietary habits and the decrease in physical activity. Exercise is usually part of the prescription, the first line of defense, to prevent or treat metabolic disorders. However, we are still learning how and why exercise provides metabolic benefits in human health. This open access volume focuses on the cellular and molecular pathways that link exercise, muscle biology, hormones and metabolism. This will include novel “myokines” that might act as new therapeutic agents in the future.
Download or read book Endocrinology of the Gut written by Frank P. Brooks and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Relationships Among the Brain the Digestive System and Eating Behavior written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On July 9-10, 2014, the Institute of Medicine's Food Forum hosted a public workshop to explore emerging and rapidly developing research on relationships among the brain, the digestive system, and eating behavior. Drawing on expertise from the fields of nutrition and food science, animal and human physiology and behavior, and psychology and psychiatry as well as related fields, the purpose of the workshop was to (1) review current knowledge on the relationship between the brain and eating behavior, explore the interaction between the brain and the digestive system, and consider what is known about the brain's role in eating patterns and consumer choice; (2) evaluate current methods used to determine the impact of food on brain activity and eating behavior; and (3) identify gaps in knowledge and articulate a theoretical framework for future research. Relationships among the Brain, the Digestive System, and Eating Behavior summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.
Download or read book The Enteric Nervous System written by John Barton Furness and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
