Download or read book Cellulosic Ethanol from Corn Stover Cost Analysis Ethanol E12A written by Intratec and published by Intratec Solutions. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of second generation Ethanol production from corn stover based on a biochemical conversion process. The process examined is similar to the process reported by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). This process involves the following steps in the production of hydrous Ethanol: corn stover pretreatment with dilute acid and overliming; enzymatic hydrolysis; and fermentation. Electricity is also generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Aden, A., et al., "Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol Process Design and Economics Utilizing Co-Current Dilute Acid Prehydrolysis and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Corn Stover", Report NREL/TP-510-32438, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2002 Keywords: Ethyl Alcohol, Bioethanol, Lignocellulosic Biomass, Hemicelluloses, Cellulose

Download or read book Cellulosic Ethanol from Corn Stover Cost Analysis Ethanol E11A written by Intratec and published by Intratec Solutions. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of second generation Ethanol production from corn stover via a biochemical conversion process. The process examined is similar to the process reported by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). This process involves the following steps in the production of hydrous Ethanol: corn stover pretreatment with dilute acid and ammonia conditioning; enzymatic hydrolysis; and fermentation. Electricity is also generated as by-product. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Humbird, D., et al., "Process Design and Economics for Biochemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol, " Report NREL/TP-5100-47764, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 2011 Keywords: Ethyl Alcohol, Bioethanol, Lignocellulosic Biomass, 2nd Generation, Cellulosic Sugar, Hemicelluloses, Cellulose

Download or read book Cellulosic Ethanol from Corn Stover Cost Analysis Ethanol E12A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2017-06-01 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of second generation Ethanol production from corn stover based on a biochemical conversion process The process examined is similar to the process reported by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). This process involves the following steps in the production of hydrous Ethanol: corn stover pretreatment with dilute acid and overliming; enzymatic hydrolysis; and fermentation. Electricity is also generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Aden, A., et al., "Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol Process Design and Economics Utilizing Co-Current Dilute Acid Prehydrolysis and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Corn Stover", Report NREL/TP-510-32438, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2002 Keywords: Ethyl Alcohol, Bioethanol, Lignocellulosic Biomass, Hemicelluloses, Cellulose

Download or read book Cellulosic Ethanol from Corn Stover Cost Analysis Ethanol E14A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of second generation Ethanol production from corn stover via a biochemical conversion process. The process examined is similar to GreenPower, developed by American Process. In this process, hemicelluloses are extracted from biomass and used to produce hydrous Ethanol. The rest of the biomass is burned to generate electricity. In addition, a potassium acetate solution is also generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): US Patent 20110195468, issued to American Process in 2011 Keywords: Ethyl Alcohol, Bioethanol, Lignocellulosic Biomass, 2nd Generation, Cellulosic Sugar, Hemicelluloses, Cellulose

Download or read book Cellulosic Ethanol from Corn Stover Cost Analysis Ethanol E13A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of second generation Ethanol production from corn stover using a biochemical conversion process. The process examined is similar to AVAP technology, developed by American Process. In this process, biomass is fractionated into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. The hemicellulose and cellulose are converted to monomer sugars, which are then fermented to produce hydrous Ethanol, while lignin is burned to generate electricity. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): WO Patent 2011044378, issued to American Process in 2011 Keywords: Ethyl Alcohol, Bioethanol, Lignocellulosic Biomass, 2nd Generation, Cellulosic Sugar, Hemicelluloses, Cellulose

Download or read book Cellulosic Ethanol from Switchgrass Cost Analysis Ethanol E81A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of second generation Ethanol production from switchgrass based on a biochemical conversion process. The process examined is similar to the process reported by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). This process involves the following steps in the production of hydrous Ethanol: biomass pretreatment with dilute acid and ammonia conditioning; enzymatic hydrolysis; and fermentation. Electricity is also generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Humbird, D., et al., "Process Design and Economics for Biochemical Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol, " Report NREL/TP-5100-47764, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 2011 Keywords: Ethyl Alcohol, Bioethanol, Lignocellulosic Biomass, 2nd Generation, Cellulosic Sugar, Hemicelluloses, Cellulose

Download or read book Cellulosic Ethanol from Sugarcane Bagasse Cost Analysis Ethanol E62F written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of second generation Ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse via a biochemical conversion process. The process examined is similar to AVAP technology, developed by American Process. In this process, biomass is fractionated into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. The hemicellulose and cellulose are converted to monomer sugars, which are then fermented to produce hydrous Ethanol, while lignin is burned to generate electricity. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): WO Patent 2011044378, issued to American Process in 2011 Keywords: Ethyl Alcohol, Bioethanol, Lignocellulosic Biomass, 2nd Generation, Cellulosic Sugar, Hemicelluloses, Cellulose

Download or read book A Cost Analysis for the Densification and Transportation of Cellulosic Biomass for Ethanol Production written by Jonathan Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current forage handling equipment in the cellulosic ethanol industry is severely limited by the low bulk densities of baled and ground biomass. Low bulk densities contribute to flowability problems and lack of maximizing trailer capacities. By pelleting we can increase the bulk density and flowability characteristics of forages. The objectives of this research were to evaluate (1) the energy requirements of grinding sorghum stalks, corn stover, wheat straw and big bluestem through two different screen sizes, (2) the energy requirements of pelleting forages from the two grind sizes, and (3) the physical properties of our various end products. The two screen types were found to have significantly different energy consumptions from each other (P

Download or read book Cellulosic Ethanol from Sugarcane Bagasse Cost Analysis Ethanol E63F written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of second generation Ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse using a biochemical conversion process. The process examined is similar to GreenPower, developed by American Process. In this process, hemicelluloses are extracted from biomass and used to produce hydrous Ethanol. The rest of the biomass is burned to generate electricity. In addition, a potassium acetate solution is also generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): US Patent 20110195468, issued to American Process in 2011 Keywords: Ethyl Alcohol, Bioethanol, Lignocellulosic Biomass, 2nd Generation, Cellulosic Sugar, Hemicelluloses, Cellulose

Download or read book Cellulosic Ethanol from Wood Chips Cost Analysis Ethanol E51A written by Intratec and published by Intratec Solutions. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of second generation Ethanol production from wood chips via a thermochemical process. The process examined is similar to the one reported by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). In this process, biomass is subjected to gasification generating syngas, which is then converted to hydrous Ethanol. The process employs concepts similar to those proposed in patents issued to Range Fuels. Mixed alcohols are generated as by-products. This report examines one-time costs associated with the construction of a United States-based plant and the continuing costs associated with the daily operation of such a plant. More specifically, it discusses: * Capital Investment, broken down by: - Total fixed capital required, divided in production unit (ISBL); infrastructure (OSBL) and contingency - Alternative perspective on the total fixed capital, divided in direct costs, indirect costs and contingency - Working capital and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up * Production cost, broken down by: - Manufacturing variable costs (raw materials, utilities) - Manufacturing fixed costs (maintenance costs, operating charges, plant overhead, local taxes and insurance) - Depreciation and corporate overhead costs * Raw materials consumption, products generation and labor requirements * Process block flow diagram and description of industrial site installations (production unit and infrastructure) This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Phillips, S., et al., "Thermochemical Ethanol via Indirect Gasification and Mixed Alcohol Synthesis of Lignocellulosic Biomass, " Report NREL/TP-510-41168, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), 2007 Keywords: Ethyl Alcohol, Bioethanol, Lignocellulosic Biomass, 2nd Generation, Cellulosic Sugar, Hemicelluloses, Cellulose

Download or read book Cellulosic Ethanol from Wood Chips Cost Analysis Ethanol E52A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of second generation Ethanol production from wood chips using a biochemical conversion process. The process examined is similar to AVAP technology, developed by American Process. In this process, biomass is fractionated into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. The hemicellulose and cellulose are converted to monomer sugars, which are then fermented to produce hydrous Ethanol, while lignin is burned to generate electricity. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): WO Patent 2011044378, issued to American Process in 2011 Keywords: Ethyl Alcohol, Bioethanol, Lignocellulosic Biomass, 2nd Generation, Cellulosic Sugar, Hemicelluloses, Cellulose

Download or read book Cellulosic Ethanol from Switchgrass Cost Analysis Ethanol E82A written by Intratec and published by Intratec. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a cost analysis of second generation Ethanol production from switchgrass using a biochemical conversion process. The process examined is similar to AVAP technology, developed by American Process. In this process, biomass is fractionated into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. The hemicellulose and cellulose are converted to monomer sugars, which are then fermented to produce hydrous Ethanol, while lignin is burned to generate electricity. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): WO Patent 2011044378, issued to American Process in 2011 Keywords: Ethyl Alcohol, Bioethanol, Lignocellulosic Biomass, 2nd Generation, Cellulosic Sugar, Hemicelluloses, Cellulose

Download or read book Long run Effects of Falling Cellulosic Ethanol Production Costs on the US Agricultural Economy written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable energy production has been expanding at a rapid pace. New advances in cellulosic ethanol technologies have the potential to displace the use of petroleum as a transportation fuel, and could have significant effects on both the agricultural economy and the environment. In this letter, the effects of falling cellulosic ethanol production costs on the mix of ethanol feedstocks employed and on the US agricultural economy are examined. Results indicate that, as expected, cellulosic ethanol production increases by a substantial amount as conversion technology improves. Corn production increases initially following the introduction of cellulosic technology, because producers enjoy new revenue from sales of corn stover. After cellulosic ethanol production becomes substantially cheaper, however, acres are shifted from corn production to all other agricultural commodities. Essentially, this new technology could facilitate the exploitation of a previously under-employed resource (corn stover), resulting in an improvement in overall welfare. Thus in the most optimistic scenario considered, 68% of US ethanol is derived from cellulosic sources, coarse grain production is reduced by about 2%, and the prices of all food commodities are reduced modestly.

Download or read book Feasibility Study for Co locating and Integrating Ethanol Production Plants from Corn Starch and Lignocellulosic Feedstocks written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NREL 2012 Achievement of Ethanol Cost Targets written by Ling Tao and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the DOE Bioenergy Technologies Office, the annual State of Technology (SOT) assessment is an essential activity for quantifying the benefits of biochemical platform research. This assessment has historically allowed the impact of research progress achieved through targeted Bioenergy Technologies Office funding to be quantified in terms of economic improvements within the context of a fully integrated cellulosic ethanol production process. As such, progress toward the ultimate 2012 goal of demonstrating cost-competitive cellulosic ethanol technology can be tracked. With an assumed feedstock cost for corn stover of $58.50/ton this target has historically been set at $1.41/gal ethanol for conversion costs only (exclusive of feedstock) and $2.15/gal total production cost (inclusive of feedstock) or minimum ethanol selling price (MESP). This year, fully integrated cellulosic ethanol production data generated by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) researchers in their Integrated Biorefinery Research Facility (IBRF) successfully demonstrated performance commensurate with both the FY 2012 SOT MESP target of $2.15/gal (2007$, $58.50/ton feedstock cost) and the conversion target of $1.41/gal through core research and process improvements in pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation.

Download or read book Fuel cycle Assessment of Selected Bioethanol Production written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large amount of corn stover is available in the U.S. corn belt for the potential production of cellulosic bioethanol when the production technology becomes commercially ready. In fact, because corn stover is already available, it could serve as a starting point for producing cellulosic ethanol as a transportation fuel to help reduce the nation's demand for petroleum oil. Using the data available on the collection and transportation of corn stover and on the production of cellulosic ethanol, we have added the corn stover-to-ethanol pathway in the GREET model, a fuel-cycle model developed at Argonne National Laboratory. We then analyzed the life-cycle energy use and emission impacts of corn stover-derived fuel ethanol for use as E85 in flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs). The analysis included fertilizer manufacturing, corn farming, farming machinery manufacturing, stover collection and transportation, ethanol production, ethanol transportation, and ethanol use in light-duty vehicles (LDVs). Energy consumption of petroleum oil and fossil energy, emissions of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide [CO2], nitrous oxide [N2O], and methane [CH4]), and emissions of criteria pollutants (carbon monoxide [CO], volatile organic compounds [VOCs], nitrogen oxide [NO(subscript x)], sulfur oxide [SO(subscript x)], and particulate matter with diameters smaller than 10 micrometers [PM10]) during the fuel cycle were estimated. Scenarios of ethanol from corn grain, corn stover, and other cellulosic feedstocks were then compared with petroleum reformulated gasoline (RFG). Results showed that FFVs fueled with corn stover ethanol blends offer substantial energy savings (94-95%) relative to those fueled with RFG. For each Btu of corn stover ethanol produced and used, 0.09 Btu of fossil fuel is required. The cellulosic ethanol pathway avoids 86-89% of greenhouse gas emissions. Unlike the life cycle of corn grain-based ethanol, in which the ethanol plant consumes most of the fossil fuel, farming consumes most of the fossil fuel in the life cycle of corn stover-based ethanol.

Download or read book A Case Study of Agricultural Residue Availability and Cost for a Cellulosic Ethanol Conversion Facility in the Henan Province of China written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A preliminary analysis of the availability and cost of corn stover and wheat straw for the area surrounding a demonstration biorefinery in the Henan Province of China was performed as a case study of potential cooperative analyses of bioenergy feedstocks between researchers and industry in the US and China. Though limited in scope, the purpose of this analysis is to provide insight into some of the issues and challenges of estimating feedstock availability in China and how this relates to analyses of feedstocks in the U.S. Completing this analysis also highlighted the importance of improving communication between U.S. researchers and Chinese collaborators. Understanding the units and terms used in the data provided by Tianguan proved to be a significant challenge. This was further complicated by language barriers between collaborators in the U.S. and China. The Tianguan demonstration biorefinery has a current capacity of 3k tons (1 million gallons) of cellulosic ethanol per year with plans to scale up to 10k tons (3.34 million gallons) per year. Using data provided by Tianguan staff in summer of 2011, the costs and availability of corn stover and wheat straw were estimated. Currently, there are sufficient volumes of wheat straw and corn stover that are considered 'waste' and would likely be available for bioenergy in the 20-km (12-mile) region surrounding the demonstration biorefinery at a low cost. However, as the industry grows, competition for feedstock will grow and prices are likely to rise as producers demand additional compensation to fully recover costs.