Download or read book Cellular Responses that Preserve Genome Stability in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Ju-mei Li and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To ensure the faithful transmission of genetic material to each progeny cell, DNA replication has to be accomplished faithfully and the duplicated chromosomes have to be distributed equally to the daughter cells. My dissertation focuses on the MSA1 gene, which functions as a transcription factor to facilitate the DNA replication during S-phase, and HSK3, which functions in the DASH complex to ensure the proper segregation of chromosomes in mitosis. DRC1 is isolated as a genomic suppressor of dpb11-1 and forms the initiator complex with Dpb11 that facilitates the recruitment of DNA polymerase to origins. The drc1-1 mutant shows sensitivity to the replication inhibitor, hydroxyurea. In the first study, we identify a cell cycle regulated transcription factor, MSA1, as a suppressor of drc1-1 . MSA1 overproduction also suppresses the temperature sensitivity of dpb11-1 and pol2-12 (the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase [varepsilon]). Conversely, msa1 deletion exacerbates the mutant phenotypes of both drc1-1 and dpb11-1 and msa1 deletion alone results in a delay in S phase entry, which suggests a positive role for MSA1 in DNA replication. MSA1 represents a new cell cycle regulated gene important for S phase entry.
Download or read book Investigating the Cellular Response to DNA Damaging Agents Through High Resolution Phenotyping in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Nikko Paulo Torres and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genome maintenance is paramount for cell viability. Cells have at their disposal an intricate and versatile set of pathways that repair DNA damage and maintain genome integrity during DNA replication stress. In this thesis I challenge the robustness of these stress response and repair pathways using pairwise drug combinations. I found that synergy is rare and that cells are able to respond to DNA damaging agents with different modes of action. Moreover, synergy was generally reduced when drugs were applied sequentially, supporting the notion that an initial dose of DNA damage primes cells for another. I then investigated the robustness of genome maintenance pathways from the perspective of the proteins that carry out repair and stress response functions. By determining the kinetics of replication stress-induced protein relocalizations previously observed (Tkach et al., 2012), I found that proteins of similar function moved with similar timing, and that relocalization timing is unique for distinct forms of replication stress. A subset of protein relocalizations is regulated by the canonical replication stress signaling cascade. Together, these findings support the notion that robustness of genome maintenance pathways stem from their multifaceted regulation. Finally, I highlight a novel function of the replication stress effector kinase Rad53 in controlling a transcriptional program by regulating Rpn4 localization.
Download or read book Termination of Replication Stress Signaling in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Carolyn Marie Jablonowski and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Systems Biology of Cancer written by Sam Thiagalingam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the current systems biology-based knowledge and the experimental approaches for deciphering the biological basis of cancer.
Download or read book A High throughput Screen for Novel Genes Involved in Maintaining Genome Stability and the DNA Damage Response Pathway in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Jason Alexander Hendry and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Elucidation of Novel Components of the Response to Genotoxic Stress in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Bryan M. O'Neill and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faithful maintenance of genome integrity is essential for cellular viability. Failure to efficiently recognize and repair DNA damage or respond to replication stress can lead to genomic instability and, in higher eukaryotes, cancer. The cellular response to genotoxic stress has been particularly well characterized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through the isolation of mutants that are hypersensitive to specific agents that cause DNA damage and/or replication stress. However, there is still much about this response that is not yet known, including many of the actual components. The work described in this dissertation was driven by a desire to improve our knowledge of this area. We used high-throughput genomic and proteomic screening approaches to identify novel genes and proteins that mediate the genotoxic stress response. From these experiments, we isolated Wss1, which is required for an efficient response to UV irradiation and replication stress. We believe Wss1 may contribute to survival by stabilizing or processing stalled or collapsed replication forks. As a result of the investigation of WSS1, we also isolated PSY2 as a gene required for viability following treatment with the DNA damaging agent MMS. Further study revealed that Psy2 partners with the phosphatase Pph3 to regulate the cell cycle checkpoint response. In addition to our efforts into the general response, we also pursued the identification of genes that when inactivated, attenuate the cells ability to mutate. From this effort, we identified two genes, FYV6 and RNR4, that function in novel pathways that induce mutagenesis in response to UV irradiation. Together, these studies illustrate that the tools available in the post-genomic era provide opportunities for novel insights into the response to genotoxic stress at a rapid pace.
Download or read book Molecular Genetics of Recombination written by Andrés Aguilera and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-24 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work offers a fascinating insight into a crucial genetic process. Recombination is, quite simply, one of the most important topics in contemporary biology. This book is a totally comprehensive treatment of the subject, summarizing all existing views on the topic and at the same time putting them into context. It provides in-depth and up-to-date analysis of the chapter topics, and has been written by international experts in the field.
Download or read book Stress Activated Protein Kinases written by Francesc Posas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-24 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book leading researchers in the field discuss the state-of-the-art of many aspects of SAPK signaling in various systems from yeast to mammals. These include various chapters on regulatory mechanisms as well as the contribution of the SAPK signaling pathways to processes such as gene expression, metabolism, cell cycle regulation, immune responses and tumorigenesis. Written by international experts, the book will appeal to cell biologists and biochemists.
Download or read book Yeast Stress Responses written by Stefan Hohmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-23 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every cell has developed mechanisms to respond to changes in its environment and to adapt its growth and metabolism to unfavorable conditions. The unicellular eukaryote yeast has long proven as a particularly useful model system for the analysis of cellular stress responses, and the completion of the yeast genome sequence has only added to its power This volume comprehensively reviews both the basic features of the yeast genral stress response and the specific adapations to different stress types (nutrient depletion, osmotic and heat shock as well as salt and oxidative stress). It includes the latest findings in the field and discusses the implications for the analysis of stress response mechanisms in higher eukaryotes as well.
Download or read book Yeast Functional Genomics written by Frédéric Devaux and published by Humana. This book was released on 2015-10-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a collection of protocols for the study of DNA-DNA contact maps, replication profiles, transcription rates, RNA secondary structures, protein-RNA interactions, ribosome profiling and quantitative proteomes and metabolomes. Written for the Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Yeast Functional Genomics: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.
Download or read book The Nucleolus written by Mark O. J. Olson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the past two decades, extraordinary new functions for the nucleolus have begun to appear, giving the field a new vitality and generating renewed excitement and interest. These new discoveries include both newly-discovered functions and aspects of its conventional role. The Nucleolus is divided into three parts: nucleolar structure and organization, the role of the nucleolus in ribosome biogenesis, and novel functions of the nucleolus.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stress Induced Mutagenesis written by David Mittelman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-12 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery of stress-induced mutagenesis has changed ideas about mutation and evolution, and revealed mutagenic programs that differ from standard spontaneous mutagenesis in rapidly proliferating cells. The stress-induced mutations occur during growth-limiting stress, and can include adaptive mutations that allow growth in the otherwise growth-limiting environment. The stress responses increase mutagenesis specifically when cells are maladapted to their environments, i.e. are stressed, potentially accelerating evolution then. The mutation mechanism also includes temporary suspension of post-synthesis mismatch repair, resembling mutagenesis characteristic of some cancers. Stress-induced mutation mechanisms may provide important models for genome instability underlying some cancers and genetic diseases, resistance to chemotherapeutic and antibiotic drugs, pathogenicity of microbes, and many other important evolutionary processes. This book covers pathways of stress-induced mutagenesis in all systems. The principle focus is mammalian systems, but much of what is known of these pathways comes from non-mammalian systems.
Download or read book Drosophila Models for Human Diseases written by Masamitsu Yamaguchi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most biological pathways, physical and neurological properties are highly conserved between humans and Drosophila and nearly 75% of human disease-causing genes have a functional homologue in Drosophila. This volume provides recent advances in Drosophila models for various human diseases, with each chapter providing a review of studies involving Drosophila models, as well as detailed protocols commonly used in laboratories. Starting with a review of Drosophila’s value as a highly tractable model organism for studying human diseases, subsequent chapters present Drosophila models for specific human diseases. The book provides a useful resource for all scientists who are starting to use the Drosophila model in their studies, and for researchers working in the pharmaceutical industry and using new screening models to develop new medicines for various diseases.
Download or read book The DNA Damage Response Implications on Cancer Formation and Treatment written by Kum Kum Khanna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ?eld of cellular responses to DNA damage has attained widespread recognition and interest in recent years commensurate with its fundamental role in the ma- tenance of genomic stability. These responses, which are essential to preventing cellular death or malignant transformation, are organized into a sophisticated s- tem designated the “DNA damage response”. This system operates in all living organisms to maintain genomic stability in the face of constant attacks on the DNA from a variety of endogenous by-products of normal metabolism, as well as exogenous agents such as radiation and toxic chemicals in the environment. The response repairs DNA damage via an intricate cellular signal transduction network that coordinates with various processes such as regulation of DNA replication, tr- scriptional responses, and temporary cell cycle arrest to allow the repair to take place. Defects in this system result in severe genetic disorders involving tissue degeneration, sensitivity to speci?c damaging agents, immunode?ciency, genomic instability, cancer predisposition and premature aging. The ?nding that many of the crucial players involved in DNA damage response are structurally and functionally conserved in different species spurred discoveries of new players through similar analyses in yeast and mammals. We now understand the chain of events that leads to instantaneous activation of the massive cellular responses to DNA lesions. This book summarizes several new concepts in this rapidly evolving ?eld, and the advances in our understanding of the complex network of processes that respond to DNA damage.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Fission Yeast written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly researched yeast, which represents a system used by cell biologists, geneticists and molecular biologists, has been given only minimal coverage in the literature. Its properties make it an excellent organism for DNA and related biotechnology reseach. This book, which is the first attempt to collate existing information in one source, will be an invaluable aid to those initiating projects with this organism.
Download or read book Cell Cycle Regulation written by Philipp Kaldis and published by Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation. This book was released on 2006-06-26 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a state-of-the-art summary of the latest achievements in cell cycle control research with an outlook on the effect of these findings on cancer research. The chapters are written by internationally leading experts in the field. They provide an updated view on how the cell cycle is regulated in vivo, and about the involvement of cell cycle regulators in cancer.
