Download or read book Causatives and Causation written by Jae Jung Song and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Causatives and Causation is the first comprehensive study of causative constructions found in the world's languages. This important new research, based on a data base of more than 600 languages, not only investigates fully the richness and variety of causative types, but also presents an alternative perspective to the traditional typological approach. The new typology enables a better understanding of how the human mind cognizes causation and how this is reflected in language. Causatives and Causation is also an important attempt to integrate language typology with diachrony by constructing a diachronic model of causative affixes on the basis of this new typology. Drawing on the theoretical insight of Role and Reference Grammar, this book provides a case study of the causative constructions in Korean, providing additional support for both the proposed new typology and the diachronic model. It also examines the pragmatic foundations of causatives, an important but previously unexplored area of study.

Download or read book The Grammar of Causation and Interpersonal Manipulation written by Masayoshi Shibatani and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents fifteen original papers dealing with various aspects of causative constructions ranging from morphology to semantics with emphasis on language data from Central and South America. Informed by a better understanding of how different constructions are positioned both synchronically (e.g., on a semantic map) and diachronically (e.g., through grammaticalization processes), the volume affords a comprehensive up-to-date perspective on the perennial issues in the grammar of causation such as the distribution of competing causative morphemes, the meaning distinctions among them, and the overall form-meaning correlation. Morphosyntactic interactions of causatives with other phenomena such as incorporation and applicativization receive focused attention as such basic issues as the semantic distinction between direct and indirect causation and the typology of causative constructions.

Download or read book Causatives and Transitivity written by Bernard Comrie and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together 18 typological studies of causative and related constructions (transitivity, voice, other expressions of cause) by 19 scholars from North America, Western Europe, and Russia. The inspirations for the volume is the pioneering work on causative constructions by the Leningrad Typology Group; several of the contributors have close connections to the charter members of that group, others have appreciated this work from a distance. The volume as a whole is based on the concept of causative constructions as embracing both morphology and syntax, with an important semantic component as well. In addition to general studies concerning the morpho syntactic and semantic typology and the history of causative constructions and relations to other phenomena, the following individual languages are treated in detail: Russian, English, Dutch, Svan, Even, Korean, Yukaghir, Alutor, Aleut, Haruai, Dogon, Athabaskan languages. The volume will be of interest to typologists, to other linguists interested in causative constructions and transitivity relations, and to all who are interested in the linguistic expression of causal relations.

Download or read book The Grammar of Causative Constructions written by Masayoshi Shibatani and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-01-13 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corpus Cognition and Causative Constructions written by Gaëtanelle Gilquin and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English causative constructions with "cause," "get," " have "and "make" are often mistakenly presented as (quasi-)synonymous and more or less interchangeable. This book demonstrates the value of corpus linguistics in identifying the syntactic, semantic, lexical and stylistic features that are distinctive for each of these constructions. It also underlines the usefulness of providing corpus studies with a solid theoretical foundation by showing how corpus linguistics can be fruitfully combined with cognitive linguistics, which is used both as a starting point for the analysis (top-down approach) and as a framework within which to interpret the corpus results (bottom-up approach). From a methodological point of view, the study illustrates the complementarity of corpus and elicitation data, and offers tools and methods that could be used to investigate other syntactic structures. Finally, the book also has a pedagogical dimension in that it examines how the research findings can be applied to foreign language teaching.

Download or read book The Syntax of anti causatives written by Florian Schäfer and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops an approach to the causative alternation that assumes syntactic event decomposition and a configurational theta theory. It is couched within the framework of the Minimalist Program and, especially, within Distributed Morphology. Central to the work is the syntax and semantics of canonical external arguments of causative verbs as well as of oblique causers and causative PPs in the context of anticausative verbs in different languages such as Germanic, Romance, Balkan, and Caucasian languages. The book also develops a new account of the origin and nature of the morphological marking which is often found on anticausatives across languages. The main claim is that this morphology is a reflex of a syntactic way to prohibit the assignment of the external theta role. Moreover, the book develops an account about the origin of the implicit agent in generic middles which often bear the same morphology as marked anticausatives.

Download or read book Causatives in Minimalism written by Mercedes Tubino Blanco and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2011-07-12 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph studies issues of current minimalist concern, such as whether differences in the expression of argument and syntactic structure can all be attributed to the parameterization of specific functional heads. In particular, this book studies in-depth the extent to which variation in the expression of causation, available both intra- and crosslinguistically, can be accounted for by appealing only to the microparameterization of the causative head, Cause, as previously argued for by linguists such as Pylkkänen. It concludes that the microparameterization of Cause may explain some major characteristics associated with causatives, but it cannot be regarded as the only explanation behind variation in these structures. The book includes relevant discussion on argument structure and looks in detail at languages, such as the Uto-Aztecan Hiaki, that have not received much attention before. It is mostly intended for an audience interested in theoretical approaches to argument structure and variation.

Download or read book Causation in Grammatical Structures written by Bridget Copley and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together research on the topic of causation from experts in the fields of linguistics, philosophy, and psychology. It draws on data from a wide range of languages and seeks to arrive at a more sophisticated understanding of how causal concepts are expressed in causal meanings, and how those meanings are organized into structures.

Download or read book A Linguistics Study of Causative Constructions written by Masayoshi Shibatani and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book English Causative Sentences Active and Passive Causatives written by Manik Joshi and published by Manik Joshi. This book was released on 2014-10-25 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Book Covers The Following Topics: What are “Causative Sentences”? Causative Sentences -- HAVE Structure 1(A) ---- Active Causative Structure Structure 1(B) ---- Passive Causative Structure Structure 2(A) ---- Active Causative Structure Structure 2(B) ---- Passive Causative Structure Structure 3(A) ---- Active Causative Structure Structure 3(B) ---- Passive Causative Structure Causative Verb ‘Have’ and Tense Change Causative Sentences -- GET Structure (1) ---- Active Causative Structure Structure (2) ---- Passive Causative Structure Causative Verb ‘Get’ and Tense Change Causative Sentences -- MAKE Causative Sentences -- LET Causative Sentences -- HELP Sentences with Verb ‘Cause’ Other ‘Causative Verbs’ Use of ‘Modal Verbs’ with Causative Verbs Exercises: 1(A) and 1(B) Exercises: 2(A) and 2(B) Exercises: 3(A) and 3(B) Exercises: 4(A) and 4(B) Sample This: What are “Causative Sentences”? In a causative, a person or thing does not perform an action directly. The subject (person or thing) causes it to happen by forcing, persuading, assisting, etc. an agent (another person or thing) to perform it. The subject (person or thing) does not carry out an action oneself but rather has the action done by an agent (another person or thing). Examples: The faulty design caused a bridge to collapse. Modern lifestyles cause children and adults to spend most of their time indoors. Rain caused water to collect on the road. She caused the needle to run. Causative verbs – Have, Get, Make, Let, Help -- Comparison Causative ‘Have’ has less force and authority than Causative ‘Get’. Causative ‘Get’ has less force and authority than Causative ‘Make’ Causative Verb ‘Have’ -- used to express “arrangement/duty/responsibility” [Less Forceful] Causative Verb ‘Get’ -- used to express “encouragement/persuasion". [Forceful] Causative Verb ‘Make’ -- used to express "compulsion/insistence/requirement” [Most Forceful] Causative Verb ‘Let’ -- used to express “permission". [No Force] Causative Verb ‘Help’ -- used to express “assistance". [No Force] Causative ‘Have’ is more formal than causative ‘Get’. In the imperative form, causative ‘Get’ is more frequent than causative ‘Have’. Types of Causative Verbs Causative structures are of two types – (1). ‘Active’ in Nature – (Done By Somebody/Something) (2). ‘Passive’ in Nature – (Done To Somebody/Something) Passive causatives are used to take attention away from the doer of the action and give more attention to the action being done. ALSO NOTE: “Have somebody do something” is more common in American English. “Get somebody to do something” is more common in British English. All causative verbs are transitive. CAUSATIVE VERB – HAVE Structure 1(A) ---- Active Causative Structure Subject + Have (Causative Verb) + Agent (Someone/Something) + Base Form of Verb + Object (Someone/Something) Example: I have him take my photograph. (Present) Explanation: I arrange for my photograph to be taken by him. [I cause him to take my photograph.] Therefore, this is like an active causative structure. Example: I had him take my photograph. (Past) Explanation: I arranged for my photograph to be taken by him. [I caused him to take my photograph.] Therefore, this is like an active causative structure. Example: I will have him take my photograph. (Future) Explanation: I will arrange for my photograph to be taken by him. [I will cause him to take my photograph.] Therefore, this is like an active causative structure. OTHER EXAMPLES: CAUSATIVE - HAVE -- Have/Has + Someone/Something + Base Form of Verb Note: This pattern may denote past, present, or future tense based on another verb in the sentence. Her desire to have me write a memoir only raised my stress level. We are so blessed to have her sing one of our songs. It is one thing to have somebody else ask him about what he has done and it is quite another to have me ask him. He refused to have investigation officers search his home.

Download or read book The Syntax of Causative Constructions written by Judith Aissen and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Corpus Cognition and Causative Constructions written by Gaëtanelle Gilquin and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2010-03-24 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English causative constructions with cause, get, have and make are often mistakenly presented as (quasi-)synonymous and more or less interchangeable. This book demonstrates the value of corpus linguistics in identifying the syntactic, semantic, lexical and stylistic features that are distinctive for each of these constructions. It also underlines the usefulness of providing corpus studies with a solid theoretical foundation by showing how corpus linguistics can be fruitfully combined with cognitive linguistics, which is used both as a starting point for the analysis (top-down approach) and as a framework within which to interpret the corpus results (bottom-up approach). From a methodological point of view, the study illustrates the complementarity of corpus and elicitation data, and offers tools and methods that could be used to investigate other syntactic structures. Finally, the book also has a pedagogical dimension in that it examines how the research findings can be applied to foreign language teaching.

Download or read book Causal Categories in Discourse and Cognition written by Ted Sanders and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Review text: "With all these contributions, this collection definitely constitutes a high quality volume in this research area and is a valuable reference to anyone who is interested in discourse and cognition."Han-wei in: Discourse Studies 3/2011

Download or read book Causal Categories in Discourse and Cognition written by Ted Sanders and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009-12-22 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All languages of the world provide their speakers with linguistic means to express causal relations in discourse. Causal connectives and causative auxiliaries are among the salient markers of causal construals. Cognitive scientists and linguists are interested in how much of this causal modeling is specific to a given culture and language, and how much is characteristic of general human cognition. Speakers of English, for example, can choose between because and since or between therefore and so. How different are these from the choices made by Dutch speakers, who speak a closely related language, but (unlike English speakers) have a dedicated marker for non-volitional causality (daardoor)? The central question in this volume is: What parameters of categorization shape the use of causal connectives and auxiliary verbs across languages? The book discusses how differences between even quite closely related languages (English, Dutch, Polish) can help us to elaborate the typology of levels and categories of causation represented in language. In addition, the volume demonstrates convergence of linguistic, corpus-linguistic and psycholinguistic methodologies in determining cognitive categories of causality. The basic notion of causality appears to be an ideal linguistic phenomenon to provide an overview of methods and, perhaps more importantly, invoke a discussion on the most adequate methodological approaches to study fundamental issues in language and cognition.

Download or read book The Linguistics of Eating and Drinking written by John Newman and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2009-03-11 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews a range of fascinating linguistic facts about ingestive predicates in the world’s languages. The highly multifaceted nature of ‘eat’ and ‘drink’ events gives rise to interesting clausal properties of these predicates, such as the atypicality of transitive constructions involving ‘eat’ and ‘drink’ in some languages. The two verbs are also sources for a large number of figurative uses across languages with meanings such as ‘destroy’, and ‘savour’, as well as participating in a great variety of idioms which can be quite opaque semantically. Grammaticalized extensions of these predicates also occur, such as the quantificational use of Hausa shaa 'drink’ meaning (roughly) ‘do X frequently, regularly’. Specialists discuss details of the use of these verbs in a variety of languages and language families: Australian languages, Papuan languages, Athapaskan languages, Japanese, Korean, Hausa, Amharic, Hindi-Urdu, and Marathi.

Download or read book Lexical Perspectives on Transitivity and Ergativity written by Maarten Lemmens and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1998-10-15 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusing insights from cognitive grammar, systemic-functional grammar and Government & Binding, the present work elaborates and refines Davidse’s view that the English grammar of lexical causatives is governed by the transitive and ergative paradigms, two distinct models of causation (Davidse 1991, 1992). However, on the basis of extensive synchronic and diachronic data on verbs of killing (e.g. kill, execute, choke or drown), it is shown that ‘transitivity’ and ‘ergativity’ are not absolute but prototypical characteristics of verbs which may be overruled by the semantics of the construal in which they occur. The variable transitive or ergative character of the verbs reveals the complex interaction between the semantics of the construction and that of the verb. The diachronic analyses further illustrate how in the course of time verbs may change their paradigmatic properties, either temporarily (e.g. the ergativization of strangle, throttle and smother) or permanently (e.g. the ‘causativization’ of starve or the partial transitivization of abort). The analyses show that these changes are semantically well-motivated and further illustrate the cognitive reality of the two causative models. The work explores the experiential basis of the prototypical paradigmatic behaviour of verbs (e.g. the ergative predilection of the SUFFOCATE verbs). In addition, it attempts to shed more light on the semantics and restrictions of certain constructions, such as the medio-passive, the derivation of adjectives in –able, or the derivation of agentive nominals in –er.

Download or read book Amazonian Linguistics written by Doris L. Payne and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-06-23 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lowland South American languages have been among the least studied ln the world. Consequently, their previous contribution to linguistic theory and language universals has been small. However, as this volume demonstrates, tremendous diversity and significance are found in the languages of this region. These nineteen essays, originally presented at a conference on Amazonian languages held at the University of Oregon, offer new information on the Tupian, Cariban, Jivaroan, Nambiquaran, Arawakan, Tucanoan, and Makuan languages and new analyses of previously recalcitrant Tupí-Guaraní verb agreement systems. The studies are descriptive, but typological and theoretical implications are consistently considered. Authors invariably indicate where previous claims must be adjusted based on the new information presented. This is true in the areas of nonlinear phonological theory, verb agreement systems and ergativity, grammatical relations and incorporation, and the uniqueness of Amazonian noun classification systems. The studies also contribute to the now extensive interest in grammatical change.