Download or read book Catalysts for the Controlled Polymerization of Conjugated Dienes written by Marc Visseaux and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the beginning of the 1960s, the coordinative polymerization of conjugated dienes has continuously improved. Today, chemists know how to polymerize conjugated dienes stereospecifically and in a controlled fashion, both petro-sourced (nowadays also bio-sourced) and those of natural origin. The industry has greatly improved the performances of the catalytic systems—covering a wide range of elements including metals from groups 4–6 and 8–10, and rare earths—with the aim of optimizing the preparation of synthetic polymers for a large range of industrial applications. Nowadays, there is a better understanding of the polymerization mechanism involving allyl-active species, thanks in particular to the support of more efficient calculation methods. In addition, statistical copolymerization of 1,3-dienes with olefin or styrene comonomers and innovative approaches to coordinative chain transfer polymerization allow the production of copolymers with controlled topology, while a last challenge is about to be solved with the preparation of stereoregular polydienes that are also end-functionalized. This issue brings together several important aspects of this chemistry that remain at the forefront of both academic and industrial research.
Download or read book Catalysts for the Controlled Polymerization of Conjugated Dienes written by Marc Visseaux and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the beginning of the 1960s, the coordinative polymerization of conjugated dienes has continuously improved. Today, chemists know how to polymerize conjugated dienes stereospecifically and in a controlled fashion, both petro-sourced (nowadays also bio-sourced) and those of natural origin. The industry has greatly improved the performances of the catalytic systems--covering a wide range of elements including metals from groups 4-6 and 8-10, and rare earths--with the aim of optimizing the preparation of synthetic polymers for a large range of industrial applications. Nowadays, there is a better understanding of the polymerization mechanism involving allyl-active species, thanks in particular to the support of more efficient calculation methods. In addition, statistical copolymerization of 1,3-dienes with olefin or styrene comonomers and innovative approaches to coordinative chain transfer polymerization allow the production of copolymers with controlled topology, while a last challenge is about to be solved with the preparation of stereoregular polydienes that are also end-functionalized. This issue brings together several important aspects of this chemistry that remain at the forefront of both academic and industrial research.
Download or read book Ziegler Natta Catalysts Polymerizations written by John Jr. Boor and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ziegler-Natta Catalysts and Polymerizations reviews the general aspects of Ziegler-Natta catalysts and polymerizations of olefins, dienes, and many other types of monomers. Topics covered include the physical state of the polymer during polymerization; modification of Ziegler-Natta catalysts by third components; and termination of polymer chain growth. The oxidation state of catalysts and active centers is also discussed, along with copolymerizations and block polymerizations. This book is comprised of 23 chapters and begins with an overview of Ziegler-Natta catalysts and polymerizations, their historical origins, scientific and commercial importance, and major advances in polymer science. The next chapter focuses on definitions and stereochemistry of Ziegler-Natta catalysts, together with analytical methods used to identify and quantitatively measure their structures. Some of the polymers produced commercially with Ziegler-Natta catalysts are considered. The discussion then turns to mechanisms for initiating and propagating olefins; mechanisms for stereochemical control of conjugated and nonconjugated dienes; and the basic kinetic parameters that characterize Ziegler-Natta polymerizations. This monograph is written especially for chemistry and engineering graduate students and for industrial chemists, engineers, and managers who may become involved in a Ziegler-Natta problem.
Download or read book Kinetics of Polymerization of C S Conjugated Dienes Using Silica alumina Cracking Catalyst written by Institute of Petroleum and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts written by Ray Hoff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-09-16 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-stop resource for understanding and applying polymerization catalysts An edited volume featuring contributions from leading researchers, the Handbook of Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts covers the design and synthesis of catalysts, and their applications in synthesis of polymers. Dealing with those polymerization catalysts that afford commercially acceptable yields of polymer with respect to catalyst mass and promising newer catalysts, this practical reference provides polymer and organic chemists with a comprehensive overview of the known methods for developing and applying these important catalysts. With both recent advances and historically important catalysts, the subjects covered in this text include: Metal alkyls and other compounds that function as co-catalysts with a large number of catalysts The varieties of porous silica either necessary or valuable in certain catalyst formulations Catalyst scale-up and commercialization Copper catalysts for olefin polymerization Morphology control Along with the above topics, the Handbook of Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts provides tables of valuable data to assist in reproducing a synthesis or applying the knowledge to a new problem. Polymerization reactivities, polymer properties, monomer and solvent purity requirements, molecular weights, distribution, and reactivity ratios are also covered. The Handbook of Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts offers an excellent one-stop resource for understanding and applying polymerization catalysts.
Download or read book Kinetics of Polymerization of C 5 Conjugated Dienes Using Silica alumina Cracking Catalyst written by L. Georgiou and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Transition Metal Polymerization Catalysts written by Ray Hoff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-20 with total page 895 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Including recent advances and historically important catalysts, this book overviews methods for developing and applying polymerization catalysts – dealing with polymerization catalysts that afford commercially acceptable high yields of polymer with respect to catalyst mass or productivity. • Contains the valuable data needed to reproduce syntheses or use the catalyst for new applications • Offers a guide to the design and synthesis of catalysts, and their applications in synthesis of polymers • Includes the information essential for choosing the appropriate reactions to maximize yield of polymer synthesized • Presents new chapters on vanadium catalysts, Ziegler catalysts, laboratory homopolymerization, and copolymerization
Download or read book Alkene Polymerization Reactions with Transition Metal Catalysts written by Yury Kissin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-03-10 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past 30 years, the field of alkene polymerization over transition metal catalysts underwent several major changes:1. The list of commercial heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts for the synthesis of polyethylene and stereoregular polyolefins was completely renewed affording an unprecedented degree of control over the polymer structure.2. Research devoted to metallocene and other soluble transition-metal catalysis has vastly expanded and has shifted toward complexes of transition metals with multidentate ligands.3. Recent developments in gel permeation chromatography, temperature-rising fractionation, and crystallization fractionation provided the first reliable information about differences between various active centers in transition-metal catalysts.4. A rapid development of high-resolution 13C NMR spectroscopy resulted in greatly expanded understanding of the chemical and steric features of polyolefins and alkene copolymers. These developments require a new review of all aspects of alkene polymerization reactions with transition-metal catalysts. The first chapter in the book is an introductory text for researchers who are entering the field. It describes the basic principles of polymerization reactions with transition-metal catalysts, the types of catalysts, and commercially manufactured polyolefins. The next chapter addresses the principal issue of alkene polymerization catalysis: the existence of catalyst systems with single and multiple types of active centers. The subsequent chapters are devoted to chemistry and stereochemistry of elemental reaction steps, structures of catalyst precursors and reactions leading to the formation of active centers, kinetics of polymerization reactions, and their mechanisms. The book describes the latest commercial polymerization catalysts for the synthesis of polyethylenes and polypropylene The book provides a detailed description of the multi-center nature of commercial Ziegler-Natta catalysts. The book devotes specialized chapters to the most important aspects of transition metal polymerization catalysts: the reactions leading to the formation of active centers, the chemistry and stereochemistry of elemental polymerization steps, reaction kinetics, and the polymerization mechanism. The book contains an introductory chapter for researchers who are entering the field of polymerization catalysis. It describes the basic principles of polymerization reactions with transition-metal catalysts and the types of commercially manufactured polyolefins and copolymersThe book contains over 2000 references, the most recent up to end of 2006.
Download or read book Neodymium Based Ziegler Catalysts Fundamental Chemistry written by Oskar Nuyken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-05 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spite of the vast number of patents and publications mainly issued duringthelastdecade, acomprehensivereviewthatcoversthescienti?caswell as the patent literature has been missing until now. In this volume we try to review the available literature by two independent approaches to Nd and Ln-catalyzed diene polymerizations. In the?rst part of thevolume, whichisentitled"Neodymium-Based Ziegler/NattaCatalystsand their Application in Diene Polymerization", a polymer chemist's view is given with strong emphasis on Nd-based catalyst systems. Also technological and industrialaspectsofNd-catalyzeddienepolymerizationsareaddressed. Inthe secondpartofthevolume, whichisentitled"Rare-EarthMetalsandAluminum Getting Close in Ziegler-type Organometallics", a more organometallic p- spective isgivenandLn-based catalystsystems areaddressed
Download or read book Handbook of Polymer Synthesis Characterization and Processing written by Enrique Saldivar-Guerra and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-28 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering a broad range of polymer science topics, Handbook of Polymer Synthesis, Characterization, and Processing provides polymer industry professionals and researchers in polymer science and technology with a single, comprehensive handbook summarizing all aspects involved in the polymer production chain. The handbook focuses on industrially important polymers, analytical techniques, and formulation methods, with chapters covering step-growth, radical, and co-polymerization, crosslinking and grafting, reaction engineering, advanced technology applications, including conjugated, dendritic, and nanomaterial polymers and emulsions, and characterization methods, including spectroscopy, light scattering, and microscopy.
Download or read book Metallocenes in Regio and Stereoselective Synthesis written by Tamotsu Takahashi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-01-12 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metallocene is a well known sandwich complex with two cyclopentadienyl ligands such as ferrocene. Recently, such metallocene compounds have been found to be very characteristic and they have become very important, not only in the area of organic synthesis, but also in polymerization in industry. Metal complexes with one cyclopentadienyl ligand have also become popular as half sandwich complexes. The number of researchers in the field of metallocenes has increased rapidly. However, the origin of the characteristic reactivity of metallocenes is not fully understood. In this volume, the chemistry of metal complexes with at least one cyclopentadienyl ligand is comprehensively covered by leading experts. Reactions discussed here are (i) natural product synthesis, (ii) catalytic asymmetric synthesis, (iii) cyclization reactions, (iv)catalytic reactions, (iv) polymerization reactions and (v) carbon-carbon bond cleavage reactions. The reader will have access to useful information about the current state of metallocene chemistry.
Download or read book Young Talents in Polymer Science written by Alexander Böker and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Young Talents in Polymer Science" that was published in Polymers
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing Online written by Sunggyu Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-11-01 with total page 3338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition Encyclopedia supplies nearly 350 gold standard articles on the methods, practices, products, and standards influencing the chemical industries. It offers expertly written articles on technologies at the forefront of the field to maximize and enhance the research and production phases of current and emerging chemical manufacturing practices and techniques. This collecting of information is of vital interest to chemical, polymer, electrical, mechanical, and civil engineers, as well as chemists and chemical researchers. A complete reconceptualization of the classic reference series the Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design, whose first volume published in 1976, this resource offers extensive A-Z treatment of the subject in five simultaneously published volumes, with comprehensive indexing of all five volumes in the back matter of each tome. It includes material on the design of key unit operations involved with chemical processes; the design, unit operation, and integration of reactors and separation systems; process system peripherals such as pumps, valves, and controllers; analytical techniques and equipment; and pilot plant design and scale-up criteria. This reference contains well-researched sections on automation, equipment, design and simulation, reliability and maintenance, separations technologies, and energy and environmental issues. Authoritative contributions cover chemical processing equipment, engineered systems, and laboratory apparatus currently utilized in the field. It also presents expert overviews on key engineering science topics in property predictions, measurements and analysis, novel materials and devices, and emerging chemical fields. ALSO AVAILABLE ONLINE This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for both researchers, students, and librarians, including: Citation tracking and alerts Active reference linking Saved searches and marked lists HTML and PDF format options Contact Taylor and Francis for more information or to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367; (E-mail) [email protected] International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062; (E-mail) [email protected]
Download or read book Stereoselective Polymerization with Single Site Catalysts written by Lisa S. Baugh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-11-29 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New synthetic techniques allow chemists to modify polymer microstructures more precisely than ever, making it possible to design materials that meet increasingly demanding performance requirements. Written and edited by experts in the field, Stereoselective Polymerization with Single-Site Catalysts reviews how the relative stereochemistry of
Download or read book Principles of Polymer Chemistry written by A. Ravve and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-05-24 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This successful textbook undergoes a change of character in the third edition. Where earlier editions covered organic polymer chemistry, the third edition covers both physical and organic chemistry. Thus kinetics and thermodynamics of polymerization reactions are discussed. This edition is also distinct from all other polymer textbooks because of its coverage of such currently hot topics as photonic polymers, electricity conducting polymers, polymeric materials for immobilization of reagents and drug release, organic solar cells, organic light emitting diodes. This textbook contains review questions at the end of every chapter, references for further reading, and numerous examples of commercially important processes.
Download or read book Investigation of PEPPSI Precatalysts for Controlled Polymerization of conjugated Polymers from Cheap Starting Materials written by Benjamin John Groombridge and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Materials Chirality written by Mark M. Green and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-05-07 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dieser Sonderband der Reihe "Topics in Stereochemistry" beschäftigt sich mit der Chiralität von Werkstoffen und der Bedeutung der Stereochemie für bestimmte Polymere, Flüssigkristalle und andere spezielle Materialien. Die Grundlage dafür bilden die ausführlich dargestellten Prinzipien der organischen Stereochemie. Das aktuellste derzeit erhältliche Buch zur Chiralität!
