Download or read book Catalyseurs hybrides organiques inorganiques pour l esterification s lective du glyc rol written by Ghizlane Kharchafi and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre de la valorisation des agroressources au travers de la production d'agrotensioactifs. L'objectif de cette étude est de contrôler les differentes étapes d'esterification du glycerol de manière à produire sélectivement des monaesters de glycérol qui sont les molécules amphiphiles utilisées en tant qu'agrotensioactifs. Au cours de cette étude, nous avons développé deux nouveaux procédés d'organocatalyse basés sur l'utilisation de composés organiques fortement basiques. Le premier procédé consiste en l'utilisation d'un phospahzène (BEMP) qui est un organocatalyseur actif à basse température. Cette propriété nous a permis de contrôler parfaitement à la fois le degré d'estérification du glycérol (monoesterification ou diestérification) mais également la régiosélectivité de la réaction . Le deuxime procédé consiste à développer des materiaux hybrides organiques-inorganiques obtenus par fonctionnalisation de supports siliciques avec des bases organiques de type guanidine . Nous avons montré que l'hydrophile des surfaces catalytiques mises en jeu jouaient un rôle trés important à la fois sur l'activité du catalyseur mais également sur la sélectivité du procédé.
Download or read book R actions d est rification et de transest rification s lectives du glyc rol en pr sence de catalyseurs solides written by Sylvie Abro and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CE TRAVAIL S'INSCRIT DANS LE CADRE GENERAL DE LA VALORISATION DES HUILES PUISQUE NOUS AVONS ETUDIE L'ESTERIFICATION SELECTIVE DU GLYCEROL PAR DES ACIDES GRAS OU ENCORE LA TRANSESTERIFICATION DU GLYCEROL PAR DES ESTERS GRAS. L'OBJECTIF, EST DE TROUVER DES CATALYSEURS SOLIDES ACTIFS ET SELECTIFS PLUS FACILEMENT RECUPERABLES ET RECYCLABLES. APRES AVOIR COMPARE DIFFERENTS CATALYSEURS SOLIDES (ZEOLITHES, ARGILES, RESINES ECHANGEUSES D'IONS), NOUS AVONS MONTRE QUE LES RESINES ECHANGEUSES D'IONS SONT LES PLUS ACTIVES EN ESTERIFICATION DANS DES CONDITIONS DOUCES DE TEMPERATURE (90C). UNE ETUDE REALISEE AVEC DIVERSES RESINES ECHANGEUSES D'IONS DE TYPE GEL OU MACROPOREUX A PERMIS DE MONTRER QUE LA REACTION D'ESTERIFICATION A LIEU PRINCIPALEMENT A LA SURFACE DES MICROSPHERES GELLULAIRES POUR LES RESINES MACROPOREUSES FORTEMENT RETICULEES (AMBERLYST 15) OU ENCORE POUR LE CATALYSEUR K1481 (RESINES GEL SOUS FORME DE POUDRE). EN REVANCHE, LES RESINES AMBERLYST 31 (STRUCTURE GEL, FAIBLEMENT RETICULEE) ET AMBERLYST 16 (STRUCTURE MACROPOREUSE, FAIBLEMENT RETICULEE) ONT PERMIS D'OBTENIR DES SELECTIVITES EN MONOOLEATE DE GLYCEROL ELEVEES (SUPERIEURE A 80%) POUR DES CONVERSIONS DE L'ACIDE OLEIQUE RESPECTIVEMENT DE 90% ET 80%. CES RESINES SEMBLENT ETRE FORTEMENT INFLUENCEES PAR LA POLARITE DU MILIEU, PUISQUE LA MATRICE PEUT GONFLER EN PRESENCE DE GLYCEROL. IL EN RESULTE ALORS UNE FORMATION SELECTIVE DE MONOESTER DANS LE RESEAU MICROPOREUX. DES ESSAIS REALISES A 140C ONT MONTRE QUE LES RESINES ECHANGEUSES D'IONS SONT PLUS ACTIVES, MAIS ON OBSERVE LA FORMATION DE DIOLEATE DE GLYCEROL AINSI QUE CELLE D'ESTERS DE POLYGLYCEROLS EN QUANTITE NON NEGLIGEABLE. DANS UNE DEUXIEME PARTIE, LA SYNTHESE DE MONOOLEATE DE GLYCEROL A ETE REALISEE PAR TRANSESTERIFICATION DE L'OLEATE DE METHYLE PAR LE GLYCEROL. UNE ETUDE PROSPECTIVE REALISEE AVEC DIVERS SOLIDES A PERMIS DE MONTRER QUE CERTAINS OXYDES D'ELEMENTS ALCALINO-TERREUX OU DE TERRES RARES SONT DES CATALYSEURS ACTIFS ET SELECTIFS, NOTAMMENT L'OXYDE DE LANTHANE QUI PERMET D'OBTENIR UNE SELECTIVITE EN MONOOLEATE DE GLYCEROL DE 60% A CONVERSION TOTALE DE L'OLEATE DE METHYLE. AFIN D'ACCROITRE LES PERFORMANCES DE CE CATALYSEUR, DES OXYDES DE LANTHANE SUPPORTES PAR DES MATERIAUX POREUX (CHARBON ACTIF, ALUMINE) DE GRANDE SURFACE SPECIFIQUE ONT ETE PREPARES. NOUS AVONS MONTRE QUE L'ASSOCIATION DE L'OXYDE DE LANTHANE ET DE L'ALUMINE (MELANGE MECANIQUE OU PREPARATION PAR VOIE SOL-GEL) CONDUIT A UN EFFET DE SYNERGIE ET DONC A UN GAIN IMPORTANT D'ACTIVITE TOUT EN CONSERVANT UNE SELECTIVITE ELEVEE
Download or read book ICREEC 2019 written by Ahmed Belasri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights peer reviewed articles from the 1st International Conference on Renewable Energy and Energy Conversion, ICREEC 2019, held at Oran in Algeria. It presents recent advances, brings together researchers and professionals in the area and presents a platform to exchange ideas and establish opportunities for a sustainable future. Topics covered in this proceedings, but not limited to, are photovoltaic systems, bioenergy, laser and plasma technology, fluid and flow for energy, software for energy and impact of energy on the environment.
Download or read book Advanced Heterogeneous Catalysts Volume 1 written by Sudarsanam Putla and published by ACS Symposium. This book was released on 2021-05-07 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances and applications of nanosized catalysts Over the last five years, tremendous advances have been made in heterogeneous catalysis. In particular, catalysts' design from the bulk to nano-scale (1-100 nm), with desirable active sites, has received great attention in current catalysis research with the aim to fill the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. This volume focuses on applications of nanosized catalysts. Articles describe characterization, synthesis, and applications in biomass conversion, auto-exhaust purification, selective oxidation/hydrogenation, syngas conversion, and other important reactions. Readers will find examples of catalysts designed to be tunable for specific outcomes, inspiring their research. Scientists and engineers in chemistry, materials science, nanotechnology, and chemical engineering will find this volume useful.
Download or read book A German English Dictionary for Chemists written by Austin M 1876-1956 Patterson and published by Scholar Select. This book was released on 2015-08-08 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Biodiesel Production written by Biodiesel Production Technologies Challenges and Future Prospects Task Committee and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiesel Production: Technologies, Challenges, and Future Prospects provides in-depth information on fundamentals, approaches, technologies, source materials and associated socio-economic and political impacts of biodiesel production.
Download or read book The Early Transition Metals written by David L. Kepert and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sustainable Green Chemistry written by Mark Anthony Benvenuto and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-04-10 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Green Chemistry, the 1st volume of Green Chemical Processing, covers several key aspects of modern green processing. The scope of this volume goes beyond bio- and organic chemistry, highlighting the ecological and economic benefits of enhanced sustainability in such diverse fields as petrochemistry, metal production and wastewater treatment. The authors discuss recent progresses and challenges in the implementation of green chemical processes as well as their transfer from academia to industry and teaching at all levels. Selected successes in the greening of established processes and reactions are presented, including the use of switchable polarity solvents, actinide recovery using ionic liquids, and the removal of the ubiquitous bisphenol A molecule from effluent streams by phytodegradation.
Download or read book CO2 Chemistry written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-12-24 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Advances in Inorganic Chemistry series present timely and informative summaries of the current progress in a variety of subject areas within inorganic chemistry, ranging from bio-inorganic to solid state studies. This acclaimed serial features reviews written by experts in the field and serves as an indispensable reference to advanced researchers. Each volume contains an index, and each chapter is fully referenced. - Features comprehensive reviews on the latest developments - Includes contributions from leading experts in the field - Serves as an indispensable reference to advanced researchers
Download or read book Modern Surface Organometallic Chemistry written by Jean-Marie Basset and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-10 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering everything from the basics to recent applications, this monograph represents an advanced overview of the field. Edited by internationally acclaimed experts respected throughout the community, the book is clearly divided into sections on fundamental and applied surface organometallic chemistry. Backed by numerous examples from the recent literature, this is a key reference for all chemists.
Download or read book Encapsulations written by Alexandru Grumezescu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-27 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encapsulations, a volume in the Nanotechnology in the Agri-Food Industry series,presents key elements in establishing food quality through the improvement of food flavor and aroma. The major benefits of nanoencapsulation for food ingredients include improvement in bioavailability of flavor and aroma ingredients, improvement in solubility of poor water-soluble ingredients, higher ingredient retention during production process, higher activity levels of encapsulated ingredients, improved shelf life, and controlled release of flavor and aroma. This volume discusses main nanoencapsulation processes such as spray drying, melt injection, extrusion, coacervation, and emulsification. The materials used in nanoencapsulation include lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, cellulose, gums, and food grade polymers. Applications and benefits of nanoencapsulation such as controlled release, protections, and taste masking will be explained in detail. Includes the most up-to-date information on nanoencapsulation and nanocontainer-based delivery of antimicrobials Presents nanomaterials for innovation based on scientific advancements in the field Provides control release strategies to enhance bioactivity, including methods and techniques for research and innovation Provides useful tools to improve the delivery of bioactive molecules and living cells into foods
Download or read book Biomolecular Catalysis written by Seong H. Kim and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides up-to-date reviews of nanomaterials synthesis, characterization, and applications in biomolecular catalysis. It contains useful references for researchers in this field and will be a practical guide for future researchers.
Download or read book In Situ Gelling Polymers written by Xian Jun Loh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the research involving in situ gelling polymers and can be used as a guidebook for academics, industrialists and postgraduates interested in this area. This work summaries the academic contributions from the top authorities in the field and explore the fundamental principles of in situ gelling polymeric networks, along with examples of their major applications. This book aims to provide an up-to-date resource of in situ gelling polymer research.
Download or read book Wood Adhesives written by Antonio Pizzi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-01-07 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood adhesives are of tremendous industrial importance, as more than two-thirds of wood products in the world today are completely or partially bonded together using a variety of adhesives. Adhesive bonding offers many advantages over other joining methods for wood components, and there has been a great deal of R& D activity in devising new wood adhesives or improving the existing ones. The modern mantra in all industrial sectors is: "think green, go green," which has attracted much attention in the wood adhesive industry. Therefore, there is also a lot of research activity in synthesizing environmentally benign and human-friendly wood adhesives. This book is divided into four parts: Part 1: Fundamental Adhesion Aspects in Wood Bonding; Part 2: Synthetic Adhesives; Part 3: Environment-friendly adhesives; and Part 4: Wood Welding and General Paper. It addresses many different types of wood adhesives, as well as bonding (welding) of wood components without adhesives, a more recent development. The information contained in this book is valuable for individuals engaged in all aspects of wood adhesion and adhesives and, hopefully, will inspire new ideas in wood adhesives, a topic of vital industrial importance.
Download or read book Prussian Blue type Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites written by Yannick Guari and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanochemistry tools aid the design of Prussian blue and its analogue nanoparticles and nanocomposites. The use of such nanomaterials is now widely regarded as an alternative to other inorganic nanomaterials in a variety of scientific applications. This book, after addressing Prussian blue and its analogues in a historical context and their numerous applications over time, compiles and details the latest cutting-edge scientific research on these nanomaterials. It compiles and deatils the latest cutting-edge scientific research on these nanomaterials. The book provides an overview of the methodological concepts of the nanoscale synthesis of Prussian blue and its analogues, as well as the study and understanding of their properties and of the extent and diversity of application fields in relation to the major societal challenges of the 21st century on energy, environment, and health.
Download or read book Principles of Physical Biochemistry written by Kensal Edward Van Holde and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Edition of Principles of Physical Biochemistry provides the most current look at the theory and techniques used in the study of the physical chemistry of biological and biochemical molecules--including discussion of mass spectrometry and single-molecule methods. As leading experts in biophysical chemistry, these well-known authors offer unique insights and coverage not available elsewhere. Physical techniques currently used by practicing biochemists, including new chapters dedicated to extended material on mass spectrometry and single-molecule methods are included. The book's streamlined organization groups all hydrodynamic methods in Chapter 5 and combines Raman spectroscopy with the spectroscopy section. Relevant problems and applications help readers develop critical-thinking skills that they can apply to real biochemical and biological situations facing professionals in the industry. Biological Macromolecules; Thermodynamics and Biochemistry; Molecular Thermodynamics; Statistical Thermodynamics; Methods for the Separation and Characterization of Macromolecules; X-Ray Diffraction; Scattering From Solutions of Macromolecules; Quantum Mechanics and Spectros© Absorption Spectros© Linear and Circular Dichroism; Emission Spectros© Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectros© Macromolecules in Solution: Thermodynamics and Equilibria; Chemical Equilibria Involving Macromolecules; Mass Spectrometry of Macromolecules; Single-Molecule Methods. A useful reference for biochemistry professionals or for anyone interested in learning more about biochemistry.
Download or read book Characterization and Design of Zeolite Catalysts written by Miki Niwa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-17 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalysis and catalyst is a key technology to solve the problems in energy and environment issues to sustain our human society. We believe that comprehensive understanding of the catalysis and catalyst provides us a chance to develop a new catalyst and contributes greatly to our society. However, the ?eld of heterogeneous catalyst is dif?cultto study andstill stays behindmoredeveloped?elds ofchemistry such as organic and physical chemistries. This is a dilemma to the chemists who study the catalysis and catalyst. While we can accomplish the progress in the - dustrial application, the scienti?c understandingis not complete yet. A gap between the useful application and incomplete scienti?c understanding, however, becomes smaller and smaller in recent years. Because zeolites are ?ne crystals, and the structure is clearly known, the study on the catalysis using the zeolites is easier than those encountered in other catalysts such as metals and metal oxides. Very fortunately, zeolites provide us the strong acidity with the ?ne distribution which enables various useful catalytic reactions. When some metals and cations are loaded in close to the acid sites, these loadede- ments show extraordinarycharacters, and many catalytic reactions proceed thereon.
