Download or read book Cardiovascular and Metabolic Adaptations to High Intensity Training in Female Masters Cyclists written by Janine Lee Daley and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cardiovascular and Metabolic Adaptations to High Intensity Training in Masters Athletes written by Ann Elizabeth Ashinger and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Cardiovascular and Metabolic Adaptations to Iso caloric Moderate Intensity and High Intensity Exercise written by Summerson Desmond and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Neural Metabolic and Performance Adaptations to Four Weeks of High Intensity Sprint interval Training in Experienced Cyclists written by Andrew R. Creer and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Resting Blood Pressure Adaptations to High Intensity Anaerobic Training in Competitive Cyclists written by John P. McCarthy and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Science and Application of High Intensity Interval Training written by Laursen, Paul and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2019 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The popularity of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), which consists primarily of repeated bursts of high-intensity exercise, continues to soar because its effectiveness and efficiency have been proven in use by both elite athletes and general fitness enthusiasts. Surprisingly, few resources have attempted to explain both the science behind the HIIT movement and its sport-specific application to athlete training. That’s why Science and Application of High-Intensity Interval Training is a must-have resource for sport coaches, strength and conditioning professionals, personal trainers, and exercise physiologists, as well as for researchers and sport scientists who study high-intensity interval training.

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Metabolic Responses to Supramaximal Exercise and Training written by Clare L. Weber and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The primary aim of this thesis was to investigate the gender-specific responses to supramaximal cycling and to examine the changes in anaerobic and aerobic metabolism that occur in response to high-intensity interval training (HIT). All subjects in the present experiments were untrained, healthy young adults aged between 18 and 35 yr. Cycle ergometry was used for all experimental test procedures and training programs. The accumulated oxygen (AO2) deficit was used to quantify the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) via anaerobic metabolism during supramaximal cycling. In addition, pulmonary oxygen uptake measured at the onset of exercise was described using mathematical modeling to determine the rate response of the aerobic energy system during exercise. The purpose of experiment one was to examine the test-retest reliability of the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) measured at 110% and 120% of peak oxygen uptake for cycling in seven untrained male and seven untrained female subjects. After one familiarization trial, all subjects performed two MAOD tests at a power output corresponding to 110% and two tests at 120% of peak oxygen uptake in random order. MAOD was calculated for each subject as the difference between the estimated AO2 demand and the AO2 uptake measured during the exercise bout. The meanplus or minusstandard error time to exhaustion (TE) for the group was not significantly different between trial one (226plus or minus13 s) and trial two (223plus or minus14 s) of the 110% test. Likewise, the difference in the TE between trial one (158plus or minus11 s) and trial two (159plus or minus10 s) was not significant for the 120% test. The intra-class correlation coefficients for the TE were 0.95 for the 110% test and 0.98 for the 120% test. The mean MAOD value obtained in trial one (2.62plus or minus0.17 L) was not significantly different from the mean value obtained in trial two (2.54plus or minus0.19 L) for the 110% test. Additionally, the mean values for the two trials did not differ significantly for MAOD (2.64plus or minus0.21 L for trial one and 2.63plus or minus0.19 L for trial two) in the 120% test. The intra-class correlation coefficients for MAOD were 0.95 for the 110% test and 0.97 for the 120% test. All intra-class correlation coefficients were significant at p less than 0.001. When conducted under standardized conditions, the determination of MAOD for cycling was highly repeatable at both 110% and 120% of peak oxygen uptake in untrained male and female subjects. The results observed in experiment one suggest that the MAOD may be used to compare the anaerobic capacity (AC) of men and women and to examine changes in the contribution of the anaerobic energy systems before and after training. Experiment two examined the gender-specific differences in MAOD before and after 4 and 8 wk of HIT. Untrained men (n=7) and women (n=7) cycled at 120% of pre-training peak oxygen uptake to exhaustion (MAOD test) pre-, mid-, and post-training. A post-training timed test was also completed at the MAOD test power output, but this test was stopped at the TE achieved during the pre-training MAOD test. The 14.3plus or minus5.2% increase in MAOD observed in males after 4 wk of training was not different from the 14.0plus or minus3.0% increase seen in females (p greater than 0.05). MAOD increased by a further 6.6plus or minus1.9% in males and this change was not different from the additional 5.1plus or minus2.3% increase observed in females after the final 4 wk of training. Peak oxygen uptake measured during incremental cycling increased significantly (p less than 0.01) in male but not in female subjects after 8 wk of training. Moreover, the AO2 uptake was higher in men during the post-training timed test compared to the pre-training MAOD test (p less than 0.01). In contrast, the AO2 uptake was unchanged from pre- to post-training in female subjects. The increase in MAOD with training was not different between men and women suggesting an enhanced ability to produce ATP anaerobically in both groups. However, the increase in peak oxygen uptake and AO2 uptake obtained in male subjects following training indicates improved oxidative metabolism in men but not in women. It was concluded that there are basic gender differences that may predispose males and females to specific metabolic adaptations following an 8-wk period of HIT. Increases in AO2 uptake during supramaximal cycling demonstrated in men after training led to the hypothesis that peak oxygen uptake kinetics are speeded in male subjects with short-term HIT. It was suggested that training does not improve peak oxygen uptake kinetics in women as no change in AO2 uptake was found after 8 wk of HIT in female subjects. The purpose of experiment three was to examine peak oxygen uptake kinetics before and after 8 wk of HIT in six men and six women during cycling at 50% (50% test) and 110% (110% test) of pre-training peak oxygen uptake. A single-term exponential equation was used to model the peak oxygen uptake response (after phase I) during the 50% and 110% tests pre- and post-training. In addition, phase II and III of the peak oxygen uptake response during the 110% tests were examined using a two-term equation. The end of the phase I peak oxygen uptake response was identified visually and omitted from the modeling process. The duration of phase I determined during all experimental tests was not different between men and women and did not change with training in either group. Before training, men obtained a phase II peak oxygen uptake time constant (t2) of 29.0plus or minus3.3 s during the 50% test which was not different to the t2 of 28.8plus or minus2.2 s attained by women. In addition, the t2 determined during the 50% test was unchanged after 8 wk of HIT in both groups. The peak oxygen uptake kinetics examined during the 110% tests before training were well described by a single-term model in all male and female subjects. The t2 determined before training for the 110% test was significantly faster in men than in women. Furthermore, peak oxygen uptake was unchanged in female subjects and the t2 remained unaltered with 8 wk HIT (pre 45.5plus or minus2.2; post 44.8plus or minus2.3 s). In contrast, male subjects achieved a significantly higher peak oxygen uptake after training and the t2 determined for men during the 110% test was faster after training (36.4plus or minus1.6 s) than before training (40.1plus or minus 1.9 s). Improved model fits were obtained with the two-term equation compared to the single-term equation in two of the six male subjects during the 110% test post-training. It was found that the onset of the peak oxygen uptake slow component occurred at a mean time of 63.5plus or minus2.5 s and the t2 was reduced to 18.4plus or minus1.7 s. Using a Wilcoxon Signed Ranks z-test, the t2 described by the single-term equation in the remaining four subjects was determined to be significantly faster after training than before training, thus confirming the results obtained from the original group (n=6) of male subjects. End exercise heart rate (HREE) values obtained during the 50% and 110% tests were not different between men and women. During the 50% test, HREE values were unchanged, whereas HREE was significantly decreased during the 110% test after training in both groups. These data show that HIT might improve oxidative metabolism in men but not in women as reflected by a greater peak oxygen uptake and faster peak oxygen uptake kinetics during supramaximal work rates. We further suggest that the faster peak oxygen uptake kinetics demonstrated in men after training are probably not due to an improvement in cardiac function. Finally, the augmentation of oxidative metabolism during exercise after HIT in men might be dependent on the intensity of the exercise bout at which the peak oxygen uptake response is examined. The findings presented in this thesis suggest that MAOD is a reliable measure in both male and female subjects and can be used to monitor changes in anaerobic ATP production during supramaximal cycling. Moreover, these data suggest that 4 and 8 wk of HIT produce similar changes in anaerobic ATP generation in men and women. Finally, 8 wk of HIT results in the increase of peak oxygen uptake and AO2 uptake as well as the speeding of peak oxygen uptake kinetics during supramaximal cycling in male subjects. There was no evidence to suggest that oxidative metabolism was improved in women after short-term HIT. -- In conclusion, improvement in supramaximal exercise performances should be examined specifically for changes in the anaerobic and aerobic contributions to energy production. In addition, it is suggested that gender should be of primary consideration when designing exercise-training programs where improvement in both anaerobic and aerobic metabolism is required.

Download or read book The Cardiovascular and Metabolic Effects of High intensity Interval Training with and Without High altitude Simulation and Either with and Without High concentration Oxygen Recovery Assistance written by Frank Wojan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: The study investigated the acute responses of altitude (Denver, CO) simulation during high intensity interval training and the subsequent supplementation of oxygen to facilitate greater recovery. Lacking literature on the subject matter is a major consideration for completion of the study. We hypothesize that oxygen supplementation during an acute bout of high intensity interval training with accompanying altitude will allow for greater recovery. Methods: Seven healthy cyclists aged 40.9 +/- 7.01 (Height: 68.4 +/- 4.98: Weight: 171.3 +/- 33.29: 19.3% +/-7.41%: VO2 Max L/min 4.12 +/- 1.17) performed baseline VO2max testing and three subsequent separate randomized trials consisting of three HIIT and recovery intervals with varying conditions. Session A: altitude intervals / supplemental oxygen recovery. Session B: sea level HIIT / sea level recovery. Session C: altitude HIIT / sea level recovery. Trial intensity will be established by cardiac output prediction and set at 75% HIIT and 50% recovery in watts. Results: Supplemental oxygen following HIIT elicited significant responses in HR (p

Download or read book Flex Life for Women written by Spencer Langley and published by Flex Life Inc.. This book was released on 2019-01-23 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are you tired of fad diets? You’re not alone. Let’s be honest, temporary diets lead to temporary results. In this book, you’ll discover how to achieve lasting weight loss. This complete guide teaches everything you need to know to get lean and toned, including: · How hormones influence female fat loss · An easy and proven way to build good habits and break bad habits · Everything you’ve always wanted to know about healthy eating, macros, and intermittent fasting · The simple principles of weight lifting to get lean and toned · The best glute exercises to build a bigger butt · Fast and effective fat burning workouts—including high intensity interval training (HIIT) · How to drink alcohol without sabotaging your goals · The dirty secrets supplement companies don’t want you to know · A foolproof guide to staying in shape while traveling Best of all, this is a book that you can trust because it’s backed by over 1,000 scientific studies. There are no gimmicks or tricks; you’ll strictly get what works and nothing that doesn’t. FREE Bonus Purchase this book, and you’ll get access to my personal email address. Have a question or need some advice? Just shoot me an email, and I’d be happy to help. Buy this book today, and you’ll be on the fast track to the body of your dreams.

Download or read book Impact of Low Energy Availability on Ovarian Function Training Adaptations and the Acute Exercise Response in Female Runners written by Karine Schaal and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The practice of many endurance and aesthetic sports at a high level of competition imposes a very large energy expenditure on a daily basis. In certain sports, this energy demand can be so high that it becomes challenging for athletes to consume enough food to maintain adequate energy balance. In addition to this energetic challenge, many athletes partaking in these sports may strive to maintain a low body weight and minimize fat mass by restricting their energy intake, as a lean and light body type is thought to confer a performance advantage in weight-bearing endurance sports. Over time, the persistent mismatch between energy intake and expenditure leads such athletes into an energy-conserving, catabolic state. The direct endocrine and metabolic consequences of low energy availability are well documented, and include suppressed ovarian function, compromised bone health and immune function, and adverse changes in lipid profile and endothelial function. However, less attention has been paid to the impact that a hypometabolic state may have on the physiological response to exercise, training adaptations, and competitive performance outcomes in these women. Therefore, the studies presented in this dissertation aimed to 1), investigate the impact of both chronically low and acutely decreased energy availability on the neuroendocrine, cardiovascular and metabolic response to high intensity exercise in female runners, and 2), determine whether acutely decreased energy availability during a period of heavy training may increase the risk of developing a state of excessive fatigue, compromising training adaptations and performance outcomes. Chapter 1 presents a review of the existing literature on the endocrine-metabolic adaptations to low energy availability in exercising women, and discusses how low energy availability may also impair exercise performance and lead athletes to a state of excessive fatigue such as non-functional overreaching (NFOR) or overtraining syndrome (OTS). In Chapter 2, we compared the physiological response to exercise of female distance runners with hypothalamic amenorrhea (AM) with that of their eumenorrheic (EU), age and training-matched counterparts. We showed that AM runners’ catecholamine and lactate response to exercise was very strongly blunted compared to EU, together with a tendency for higher fatigue scores on the Profile of Mood States. These trends are similar to those previously reported in overtrained athletes, suggesting that the chronically hypometabolic state reflected by hypothalamic amenorrhea may predispose these athletes to excessive fatigue that may undermine high intensity exercise performance and training adaptations, despite their rigorous training regimen. In Chapter 3, we showed that in female runners reporting regular menstrual cycles, the ability to maintain their baseline energy availability through a 4 week period of intensified training (IT) was closely tied to the type of training adaptation obtained at the outcome of a 4-week phase of intensified training. Well adapted (WA) runners, who showed marked improvements in performance, successfully maintained their baseline EA during IT, as they reported an increase in perceived hunger and spontaneously increased their energy intake to match the increase in ExEE. By contrast, non-functionally overreached (NFOR) runners, who showed high perceived fatigue and prolonged impairment in running performance, showed no change in energy intake or hunger, resulting in a significant decrease in EA and plasma [leptin]. Furthermore, the magnitude of change in EA was strongly correlated to the change in running performance (R=0.61). Even though menstrual cycle length did not change, signs of ovarian suppression also appeared in NFOR, including decreased luteal phase length and reduced salivary [estradiol] at the mid-cycle peak and during the luteal phase. Finally NFOR runners did not show greater fat or weight loss than WA runners despite their energy-restricted state. Given the strong relationship between changes in EA during heavy training, and the type of training response obtained, this study highlights the importance, for NFOR-prone athletes, to increase their energy intake “by discipline”, as rather than to let their intake be solely be guided by changes in hunger. Finally, in Chapter 4, we described the changes in the physiological response to exercise of the same NFOR and WA runners. We showed that together with their impaired peak running performance, NFOR runners displayed blunted peak norepinephrine, epinephrine and lactate concentrations, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure responses at volitional exhaustion. They also showed a complete lack of any of the physiological adaptations to fixed submaximal running speeds that would be expected to occur as a result of IT, such as decreased sympathetic activation, heart rate or [lactate] at a given submaximal speeds - all desirable adaptations, that were observed in WA runners. By showing the drastic difference in training adaptations obtained between WA and NFOR runners, these findings highlight the importance of monitoring athletes closely during IT in attempt to avoid such excessive fatigue accumulation in susceptible individuals. Taken together, the studies presented here show that female runners maintaining either chronically low or acutely decreased energy availability are at increased risk of excessive fatigue accumulation that would severely undermine the fitness and performance gains intended from their rigorous training regimen. While the lack of menstrual periods in amenorrheic runners in Chapter 2 constitutes easily noticeable evidence of insufficient energy availability, the NFOR runners in Chapters 3 and 4 did not show any evident signs of energy conservation that would be easily noticed by the athletes themselves going about their daily lives; no increase in hunger, no significant weight loss, and seemingly regular, normal-length menstrual cycles. Therefore, NFOR-prone runners should be aware that a hypometabolic state may be the culprit for recurrent excessive fatigue, impairing performance and blunting training adaptations – while yielding no greater weight or fat loss than observed in their energy balanced, well adapted counterparts.

Download or read book Flex Life written by Spencer Langley and published by Flex Life Inc.. This book was released on 2018-03-11 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Have you ever struggled to lose weight or gain muscle? You’re not alone. For years I struggled with my weight. Jumping from one fad diet to another. Then I realized the problem. Temporary diets lead to temporary results. To create lasting weight loss, you can’t just follow a diet. You need to follow a lifestyle. This revolutionary guide reveals everything you need to know to transform your body forever, including: · The simple habits and routines that lead to lasting fat loss · Everything you’ve always wanted to know about healthy eating, macros, and intermittent fasting · How to eat at restaurants and still lose weight · The 12 principles of weightlifting to maximize strength, muscle mass, and endurance · Fast and effective fat burning workouts—including high intensity interval training (HIIT) · How to drink alcohol without sabotaging your goals · The dirty secrets that supplement companies don’t want you to know · A foolproof guide to staying in shape while traveling Best of all, this is a book you can trust because it’s backed by over 1,000 scientific studies. There are no gimmicks or tricks. You’ll strictly get what works and nothing that doesn’t. FREE Bonus Purchase this book, and you’ll get access to my personal email address. You read that right. Have a question or need some advice? Just shoot me an email, and I’d be happy to help. Buy this book today, and within 30 days you could be leaner, stronger, and on the fast track to the body of your dreams.

Download or read book Master s Theses Directories written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".

Download or read book Recovery for Performance in Sport written by Christophe Hausswirth and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2013 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recovery for Performance in Sport encompasses the latest scientific research in the study of recovery and draws from the experience of applied sport scientists working with elite athletes in leading performance and recovery centers around the globe.

Download or read book Sex Hormones Exercise and Women written by Anthony C. Hackney and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-05 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in a revised and expanded second edition including seven brand new chapters, this book compiles and synthesizes the latest research and clinical evidence regarding the intricate relationship between sex hormones and the physical activity level and overall health of the female endocrine system across the lifespan. Expert authors from around the world discuss in detail the impact of sex hormones on energy metabolism, cardiorespiratory system, nervous system, and musculoskeletal health, as well as environmental and psychological factors affecting exercise and sexual health. Considerations of the hormonal and physiological changes to the menstrual cycle and in menopause due to exercise receive chapters of their own. New to this edition are discussions of pregnancy, menopause, aerobic endurance training, the transgender athlete, sports performance, and the future of sports and exercise science relating to the active female. Covering a hot topic in sports medicine and science, Sex Hormones, Exercise and Women, Second Edition will be of interest to researchers, clinicians, exercise scientists, and residents and fellows in these areas.

Download or read book Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes FIMS; official bulletin of Federation Internationale de Medecine Sportive.

Download or read book ACSM s Foundations of Strength Training and Conditioning written by Nicholas Ratamess and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2021-03-15 with total page 1524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), ACSM’s Foundations of Strength Training and Conditioningoffers a comprehensive introduction to the basics of strength training and conditioning. This updated 2nd edition focuses on practical applications, empowering students and practitioners to develop, implement, and assess the results of training programs that are designed to optimize strength, power, and athletic performance. Clear, straightforward writing helps students master new concepts with ease, and engaging learning features throughout the text provide the understanding and confidence to apply lessons to clinical practice.