Download or read book Cardiac Responses to Temperature in Marine Teleosts written by Nishad Jayasundara and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through evolutionary and acclimatory processes, organisms, including marine teleosts, have modified a common set of biochemical structures and processes to compensate for challenges presented by changes in ambient temperature. Investigating these biological processes underlying thermal optima and thermal limits of ectothermic species is crucial to determining susceptibility of an organism to shifts in their environmental temperature. An insufficient supply of oxygen under thermal stress is thought to underlie thermal limits in aquatic animals including teleost fish. Therefore, to compensate for effects of temperature, organisms may induce an acclimatory response that enhances cardiac performance and oxygen delivery under a new temperature regime. These changes alter the critical threshold of a temperature stress for an organism and thereby maintain or increase its fitness in its environment. The dissertation research presented here investigates effects of temperature acclimation on whole organismal physiology and cellular and molecular processes in cardiac tissues in three physiologically and ecologically distinct perciforme teleosts -- Gillichthys mirabilis, Thunnus orientalis and Trematomus bernacchii. Chapter One focuses on effects of temperature acclimation on thermal limits, metabolic rate, heart rate, oxygen carrying capacity and plasma lactate levels in a highly eurythermal goby species, Gillichthys mirabilis, acclimated to 9oC, 19oC and 26oC for four weeks. Metabolic rate and heart rate measurements were made in fish at their acclimation temperature and when exposed an acute thermal stress. Metabolic rates and plasma lactate levels were also measured in fish recovering from an acute heat stress. Both resting metabolic rates and heart rates at their respective acclimation temperatures did not show a thermal compensatory response with acclimation and maintained elevated rates at warm temperatures. During recovery from an acute stress, only 26oC fish showed post-stress elevation in metabolic rate. Elevated routine and recovery metabolic rates at 26oC suggested an increased energetic cost associated with warm acclimation and when exposed to an acute heat stress; this increased energy demand is possibly to sustain an adequate cellular stress response at high temperatures. Fish acclimated at 19oC and 26oC were able to increase their upper thermal limit and onset of cardiac arrhythmia compared to 9oC-acclimated fish. These data illustrate the pronounced cardiac plasticity and associated phenotypic plasticity of this species. However, this capacity to induce an acclimatory response appears to decrease significantly at temperatures beyond 19oC in G. mirabilis. Chapter Two examined effects of acclimation on cardiac proteome in G. mirabilis acclimated to 9oC, 19oC and 26oC. Proteomic analysis revealed differential expression of proteins involved in cardiac energy metabolism, mitochondrial regulation, iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, cytoprotection against hypoxia, and cytoskeletal reorganization. Proteomic data coupled with in vitro enzyme assay data showed that cardiac energy metabolism, thus aerobic poise of cardiac tissues, is increased in 19oC-acclimated fish compared to 9oC and 26oC-acclimated fish. Overall findings from both Chapters One and Two illustrate that despite their capacity to tolerate a gradient of temperatures, Gillichthys mirabilis exhibit highest cardiac performance near ~19oC, a temperature close to their preferred temperature. Chapter Three investigates the effects of temperature acclimation on cardiorespiratory responses and cardiac and skeletal muscle energy metabolism in a highly stenothermal Antarctic notothenioid, Trematomus bernacchii. Acclimation had no effect on heart rates at resting conditions or the temperatures at which onset of cardiac arrhythmia occurred, suggesting lack of inducible thermal tolerance in cardiac performance in this fish. These data support the hypothesis that cardiac limitations may play a role in reduced thermal tolerance and thermal plasticity of T. bernacchii. Chapter Four examines the effects of acclimation on cardiac transcriptome of endothermic Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis acclimated to 14oC, 20oC and 25oC. Overall data indicate that these fish have restored cellular homeostasis at 14oC, potentially optimizing bluefin tuna performance in colder oceans. In contrast, metabolic enzyme activity and gene expression data at 25oC suggest a decrease in total ATP production in cardiac cells, and reduced stress responses. Furthermore, at elevated temperatures cardiac tissues appear to be subjected to heightened oxidative stress and programmed cell death. Together, these data suggest a reduced cardiac performance at ecologically relevant warm temperatures for Pacific bluefin tuna.
Download or read book Cardio Respiratory Control in Vertebrates written by Mogens L. Glass and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-24 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hopefully, this book will be taken off of the shelf frequently to be studied carefully over many years. More than 40 researchers were involved in this project, which examines respiration, circulation, and metabolism from ?sh to the land vertebrates, including human beings. A breathable and stable atmosphere ?rst appeared about 500 million years ago. Oxygen levels are not stable in aquatic environments and exclusively water-breathing ?sh must still cope with the ever-changing levels of O 2 and with large temperature changes. This is re?ected in their sophisticated count- current systems, with high O extraction and internal and external O receptors. 2 2 The conquest for the terrestrial environment took place in the late Devonian period (355–359 million years ago), and recent discoveries portray the gradual transitional evolution of land vertebrates. The oxygen-rich and relatively stable atmospheric conditionsimpliedthatoxygen-sensingmechanismswererelativelysimpleandl- gain compared with acid–base regulation. Recently, physiology has expanded into related ?elds such as biochemistry, molecular biology, morphology and anatomy. In the light of the work in these ?elds, the introduction of DNA-based cladograms, which can be used to evaluate the likelihood of land vertebrates and lung?sh as a sister group, could explain why their cardio-respiratory control systems are similar. The diffusing capacity of a duck lung is 40 times higher than that of a toad or lung?sh. Certainly, some animals have evolved to rich high-performance levels.
Download or read book The Cardiovascular System written by A. Kurt Gamperl and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-08-22 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cardiovascular System: Design, Control and Function, Volume 36A, a two- volume set, not only provides comprehensive coverage of the current knowledge in this very active and growing field of research, but also highlights the diversity in cardiovascular morphology and function and the anatomical and physiological plasticity shown by fish taxa that are faced with various abiotic and biotic challenges. Updated topics in this important work include chapters on Heart Morphology and Anatomy, Cardiomyocyte Morphology and Physiology, Electrical Excitability of the Fish Heart, Cardiac Energy Metabolism, Heart Physiology and Function, Hormonal and Intrinsic Biochemical Control of Cardiac Function, and Vascular Anatomy and Morphology. In addition, chapters integrate molecular and cellular data with the growing body of knowledge on heart and in vivo cardiovascular function, and as a result, provide insights into some of the most important questions that still need to be answered. - Presents a comprehensive overview of cardiovascular structure and function in fish - Covers topics in a way that is ideal for researchers in fish physiology and for audiences within the fields of comparative morphology, histology, aquaculture and ecophysiology - Provide insights into some of the most important questions that still need to be answered
Download or read book The Metabolic and Cardiac Responses of Cunner Tautogolabrus Adspersus Walbaum to Temperature Fluctuations written by Isabel A. S. F. Costa and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cardiovascular System written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1992-10-16 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book and its companion, Fish Physiology, Volume 12, Part B, are the first major syntheses of recent advances, general concepts, and species diversity of fish in almost 25 years. It provides broad coverage of the major aspects of cardiovascular physiology and is a definitive sourcebook for the field. This book discusses the special design of the venous system in aquatic vertebrates, reviews the nature of the secondary circulation in fish, and discusses the probable absence of the lymphatic system. It is of value to teachers in comparative physiology as well as to the researcher.
Download or read book Target Organ Toxicity in Marine and Freshwater Teleosts written by Daniel Schlenk and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing the numerous gaps in current information, Target Organ Toxicology in Marine and Freshwater Teleosts is an essential resource for researchers and professionals in aquatic toxicology and environmental risk assessment. All the chapters are written by researchers who are internationally recognised for their work in mechanistic aspects of aquatic toxicology. Each chapter focuses on a specific target organ or physiological system and describes how various agents disrupt the normal physiological system and processes. This volume is devoted to specific organs with coverage of the gill, kidney, skin, liver and gut. The companion volume, Systems, provides coverage of toxic effects in the central nervous, immune, neurobehavioural and reproductive systems as well as describing general mechanisms of toxicity.
Download or read book Biology and Physiology of Freshwater Neotropical Fish written by Bernardo Baldisserotto and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-09 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology and Physiology of Freshwater Neotropical Fish is the all-inclusive guide to fish species prevalent in the neotropical realm. It provides the most updated systematics, classification, anatomical, behavioral, genetic, and functioning systems information on freshwater neotropical fish species. This book begins by analyzing the differences in phylogeny, anatomy, and behaviour of neotropical fish. Systems such as cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, digestive, reproductive, muscular, and endocrine are described in detail. This book also looks at the effects of stress on fish immune systems, and how color and pigmentation play into physiology and species differentiation. Biology and Physiology of Freshwater Neotropical Fish is a must-have for fish biologists and zoologists. Students in zoology, ichthyology, and fish farming will also find this book useful for its coverage of some of the world’s rarest and least-known fish species. Features chapters written by top neotropical fish researchers and specialists Discusses environmental effects on neotropical fishes, including climate change and pollution Details the phylogenetic occurrence of electroreceptors and electric organs in fish
Download or read book The Physiology of Fishes Fourth Edition written by David H. Evans and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-11-25 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the success of the bestselling third edition, this newly updated and completely revised fourth edition of The Physiology of Fishes provides comprehensive coverage of the most important aspects of the form and function of fishes. It covers the most recent advances as well as fundamental subjects such as cardiovascular physiology, intestinal transport, and gill ion uptake. Written by an international group of experts, this book contains fresh approaches, with completely new treatment of the original topics and the addition of new chapters: Muscle plasticity Membranes and Metabolism Oxygen Sensing Endocrine Disruption Pain Perception Cardiac Regeneration Neuronal Regeneration Two decades after the publication of the first edition, this book remains the only published single-volume work on fish physiology. Each chapter contains an extensive bibliography, providing readers with the best sources from the primary literature. The fourth edition provides an important reference for aquatic biologists, ichthyologists, fisheries scientists, and comparative physiologists.
Download or read book Cardiovascular Responses to Low Environmental Temperature in Fish written by Steven Leslie Young and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Physiology of Fishes Second Edition written by David H. Evans and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-10-10 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As in the bestselling first edition, The Physiology of Fishes, Second Edition is a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review of the major areas of research in modern fish physiology. This Second Edition is entirely revised, with 17 of the 18 chapters written by new authors. It also includes four entirely new chapters:
Download or read book The Cardiovascular System written by A. Kurt Gamperl and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approx.488 pagesApprox.488 pages
Download or read book The Physiology of Fishes written by David H. Evans and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-12-15 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New scientific approaches have dramatically evolved in the decade since The Physiology of Fishes was first published. With the genomic revolution and a heightened understanding of molecular biology, we now have the tools and the knowledge to apply a fresh approach to the study of fishes. Consequently, The Physiology of Fishes, Third Edition is not merely another updating, but rather an entire reworking of the original. To satisfy that need for a fresh approach, the editors have employed a new set of expert contributors steeped in the very latest research; their contemporary perspective pervades the entire text. In addition to new chapters on gas transport, temperature physiology, and stress, as well as one dedicated to functional genomics, readers will discover that many of these new contributors approach their material with a contemporary molecular perspective. While much of the material is new, the editors have completely adhered to the original’s style in creating a text that continues to be highly readable and perpetually insightful in bridging the gap between pure and applied science. The Physiology of Fishes, Third Edition, completely updated with a molecular perspective, continues to be regarded as the best single-volume general reference on all major areas of research in fish physiology. The Physiology of Fishes, Third Edition provides background information for advanced students as well as material of interest to marine and fisheries biologists, ichthyologists, and comparative physiologists looking to differentiate between the physiological strategies unique to fishes, and those shared with other organisms.
Download or read book Conservation Physiology written by Christine L. Madliger and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation physiology is a rapidly expanding, multidisciplinary field that utilizes physiological knowledge and tools to understand and solve conservation challenges. This novel text provides the first consolidated overview of its scope, purpose, and applications, with a focus on wildlife. It outlines the major avenues and advances by which conservation physiology is contributing to the monitoring, management, and restoration of wild animal populations. This book also defines opportunities for further growth in the field and identifies critical areas for future investigation. By using a series of global case studies, contributors illustrate how approaches from the conservation physiology toolbox can tackle a diverse range of conservation issues including the monitoring of environmental stress, predicting the impact of climate change, understanding disease dynamics, improving captive breeding, and reducing human-wildlife conflict. Moreover, by acting as practical road maps across a diversity of sub-disciplines, these case studies serve to increase the accessibility of this discipline to new researchers. The diversity of taxa, biological scales, and ecosystems highlighted illustrate the far-reaching nature of the discipline and allow readers to gain an appreciation for the purpose, value, applicability, and status of the field of conservation physiology. Conservation Physiology is an accessible supplementary textbook suitable for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in the fields of conservation science, eco-physiology, evolutionary and comparative physiology, natural resources management, ecosystem health, veterinary medicine, animal physiology, and ecology.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-06-01 with total page 2275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fish form an extremely diverse group of vertebrates. At a conservative estimate at least 40% of the world's vertebrates are fish. On the one hand they are united by their adaptations to an aquatic environment and on the other they show a variety of adaptations to differing environmental conditions - often to extremes of temperature, salinity, oxygen level and water chemistry. They exhibit an array of behavioural and reproductive systems. Interesting in their own right, this suite of adaptive physiologies provides many model systems for both comparative vertebrate and human physiologists. This four volume encyclopedia covers the diversity of fish physiology in over 300 articles and provides entry level information for students and summary overviews for researchers alike. Broadly organised into four themes, articles cover Functional, Thematic, and Phylogenetic Physiology, and Fish Genomics. Functional articles address the traditional aspects of fish physiology that are common to all areas of vertebrate physiology including: Reproduction, Respiration, Neural (Sensory, Central, Effector), Endocrinology, Renal, Cardiovascular, Acid-base Balance, Osmoregulation, Ionoregulation, Digestion, Metabolism, Locomotion, and so on. Thematic Physiology articles are carefully selected and fewer in number. They provide a level of integration that goes beyond the coverage in the Functional Physiology topics and include discussions of Toxicology, Air-breathing, Migrations, Temperature, Endothermy, etc. Phylogenetic Physiology articles bring together information that bridges the physiology of certain groupings of fishes where the knowledge base has a sufficient depth and breadth and include articles on Ancient Fishes, Tunas, Sharks, etc. Genomics articles describe the underlying genetic component of fish physiology and high light their suitability and use as model organisms for the study of disease, stress and physiological adaptations and reactions to external conditions. Winner of a 2011 PROSE Award Honorable Mention for Multivolume Science Reference from the Association of American Publishers The definitive encyclopedia for the field of fish physiology Three volumes which comprehensively cover the entire field in over 300 entries written by experts Detailed coverage of basic functional physiology of fishes, physiological themes in fish biology and comparative physiology amongst taxonomic Groups Describes the genomic bases of fish physiology and biology and the use of fish as model organisms in human physiological research Includes a glossary of terms
Download or read book Marine Biology written by Jerónimo Pan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-03-02 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present you with an updated reference book aimed for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students interested in Marine Biology. The textbook is designed to introduce the fundamentals of marine organisms and their ecological roles in the world’s oceans, and is organized by functional groups, emphasizing marine biodiversity rather than systematics or habitats. Each chapter has been written and peer-reviewed by renowned international experts in their respective fields, and includes updated information on relevant topics, from the microbial loop and primary production in the oceans, to marine megafauna and the impacts of projected climate change on marine life and ecosystems.
Download or read book The Progressive Fish culturist written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Progressive Fish Culturist written by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
