Download or read book Carbon Nanothreads Materials written by Kim Meow Liew and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-18 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes carbon nanothreads with complete and comprehensive knowledge covering theories, numerical methods, and properties comparisons with other carbon-based nanomaterials. For one thing, the main theoretical aspects in this book include: First-Principle Calculation, Density Functional Theory, Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Non-equilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation, and Coarse Grained Simulation. For another thing, the main research contents include: Fundamental Mechanical Properties; Fracture Characteristics; Electronic and Magnetic Properties; Thermal Properties; Reinforcement in Polymer Composites; and other promising applications in engineering. The target of this book is to provide to many researchers the available theoretical and numerical methods, and useful computational results of carbon nanothreads for reference. This book can be used as a comprehensive source for scientists, academics, researchers, and engineers in various areas of engineering, physical sciences, and computational modeling. In order to achieve this target, the book introduces the microstructure information of carbon nanothreads and the modeling details at full length. The tunable mechanisms of physical properties of carbon nanothreads are discussed in detail, which enable integration of these nanoscale components into high-order structures for “bottom-up design” purpose. The revealed reinforced mechanisms of carbon nanothreads in polymer composites can provide theoretical guidance for engineering design of advanced polymer composites.
Download or read book Computational Study of Carbon Nanomaterials written by Enshi Xu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: % Place abstract below.Carbon nano-materials can be categorized by their hybridization and dimension: whether they are sp$^2$ or sp$^3$ hybridized, and whether they are zero, one, two or three dimensional material. A recent experiment breakthrough, cold compression of solid benzene into ordered product that is stable back to ambient condition, brought to the front stage a new sp$^3$ hybridized material which is also one dimensional, and this material, belonging in the category of one dimensional sp$^3$ carbon, has certain advantages over the previously considered polymers or nanowires: polymers have too much structural flexibility, nanowires are too wide that most of the atoms are still in the diamond bulk state. We name the material ``carbon nanothread''. Following a concise introduction in Chapter 1 of the structures and basic properties of carbon material classified by their hybridization and dimensionality and a practical introduction in Chapter 2 to the simulation methods used in studying carbon nanothreads, the author presents a systematic enumeration scheme to generate all the structure candidates for carbon nanothreads in Chapter 3, a work that has been published in early 2015. The visualization of the lowest energy structures and a brief discussion of their properties follow the enumeration scheme. In the later sections of Chapter 3, the author shows possible chemical reactions leading to these carbon nanothreads starting from benzene, along with the structures of intermediates, a work done not by the author himself but by the author's collaborators and a work that is an important and integral part to understand the whole picture of nanothreads. Some on-going and proposed directions to utilize the physical properties of carbon nanothreads for applications are proposed in Chapter 3 as well. With the structure candidates at hand, we are equipped to analyze the sample synthesized in experiments, by comparing the calculated observables of the candidate structures to the experiments, a topic of Chapter 4. Raman spectrum analysis is the most extensively studied one, and other experiments are also briefly mentioned. This part of the work is an on-going, unpublished effort.Tuning the reactions pathways by using different precursors will be interesting, and boron nitride nanothreads naturally comes into consideration by the analog of boron nitride nanotube. Chapter 5 focuses on the structures of boron nitride versions of nanothreads, starting from a proposed molecular precursor and covering all the possible intermediates and mapping out potential reaction pathways. Due to the partial ionic nature of boron nitride compound and symmetry breaking, some aspects of the polarization of BN nanothread, having a density as large as the common ferroelectric material BaTiO$_3$, are discussed, envisioning possible applications. In Chapter 6, the author's work prior to the nanothread efforts is presented. The work focuses on another category of carbon material: sp$^2$ hybridized carbon with true three-dimensional structures called ``Schwarzite'', a 3D structure with pores. A new structure design in this family of materials arises from the inclusion of a local carbon atom defect that has four nearest carbon neighbours but is embedded in the graphitic network. The role of such a defect in the possible synthesis of ordered Schwarzite structures is discussed.
Download or read book Carbon Nanomaterials written by Yury Gogotsi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-06-20 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Self-Contained Source Entirely Dedicated to Nanocarbons Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) attract a good deal of attention for their electronic, mechanical, optical, and chemical characteristics. But nanostructured carbons are not limited to nanotubes and fullerenes-they also exist as nano-diamonds, fibers, cones, scrolls, whiskers, and grap
Download or read book Carbon Nanomaterials written by Rakesh Behari Mathur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of nanostructures has become, in recent years, a theme common to many disciplines, in which scientists and engineers manipulate matter at the atomic and molecular level in order to obtain materials and systems with significantly improved properties. Carbon nanomaterials have a unique place in nanoscience owing to their exceptional thermal, electrical, chemical, and mechanical properties, finding application in areas as diverse as super strong composite materials, energy storage and conversion, supercapacitors, smart sensors, targeted drug delivery, paints, and nanoelectronics. This book is the first to cover a broad spectrum of carbon nanomaterials, namely carbon nanofibers, vapor-grown carbon fibers, different forms of amorphous nanocarbons besides carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, graphene, graphene nanoribbons, graphene quantum dots, etc. in a single volume.
Download or read book Carbon Nanomaterials Second Edition written by Yury Gogotsi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-10-24 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides information on synthesis, properties, and applications of carbon nanomaterials. With novel materials, such as graphene (atomically flat carbon) or carbon onions (carbon nanospheres), the family of carbon nanomaterials is rapidly growing. This book provides a state-of-the-art overview and in-depth analysis of the most important carbon nanomaterials. Each chapter is written by a leading expert in the field which ensures that both, a review on the subject along with emerging perspectives are provided to the reader.
Download or read book Handbook Of Carbon Nanomaterials Volumes 9 10 written by R Bruce Weisman and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a tribute to the career of Prof. Mildred Dresselhaus. It focuses on the optical properties and spectroscopy of single-wall carbon nanotubes. It contains chapters on diverse experimental and theoretical aspects of the field, written by internationally recognized experts. The volume serves as an important resource for researchers and students interested in carbon nanotubes.
Download or read book The Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Nanothreads written by Daniel Brian Koeplinger and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanothreads are a relatively new type of carbon material which has an sp3 structure similar to diamond, but extends in only one dimension. The predicted properties of nanothreads are extraordinary, rivaling other recent carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene in both strength and stiffness. Nanothreads are synthesized experimentally by slow compression of benzene to about 20 GPa, followed by slow decompression, resulting in a crystalline product in which the polymer is arranged into a hexagonally close-packed structure. The material can be identified via its characteristic six-fold diffraction pattern, as well as its Raman and IR spectra.In addition to nanothreads produced from benzene, several new types of nanothreads have also been synthesized from other precursors, such as pyridine and aniline. In Chapter 2.1 of this work, experiments involving the compression-induced polymerization of three additional aromatic molecules are described. Toluene produced the most promising results, yielding a transparent amorphous solid which has similar IR and Raman spectra to those of previous nanothreads. Nanothread syntheses were also attempted using benzoic acid and hexabromobenzene as precursors, but no significant reaction was seen for either material.Nanothread structure is complex, and there are many structures of similar energy which are thermodynamically possible. In addition to the fully-saturated sp3 products from a Degree-6 polymerization, products which result from incomplete polymerization, including unsaturated Degree-4 and Degree-2 segments, are observed. Each of these structures has varying amounts of sp2 character. A series of experiments are described in Chapter 2.2 in which the ratio of sp2 to sp3 bonds in the nanothread product was measured via advanced solid-state NMR. These ratios were used to approximate the relative quantities of Degree-2, -4, and -6 structures for both benzene and pyridine nanothreads. NMR data was also used to constrain which isomers of each Degree might be found in experimentally-synthesized nanothreads. When nanothreads are formed under pressure, they produce crystals of close-packed fibers. These fibers are bound together primarily by Van-der-Waals forces, and application of mechanical force could theoretically exfoliate individual threads from the bulk. In Chapter 3, exfoliation experiments are described in which three separate methods attempted to separate individual threads from the bulk: applying shearing forces by twisting samples between two planes, peeling fibers away from the bulk using tape adhesive, and crushing the nanothread crystals with the tip of a diamond. Samples from each of these methods were examined by atomic force microscopy. Identification of individual fibers separated from the bulk nanothread crystal proved problematic because of the small radii of nanothreads, particularly when compared to the resolution of techniques used to characterize nanothreads in the bulk. As a result of these limitations, the only way to prove that a fiber was a nanothread would be to find a thread still partially attached to the bulk. No partially-attached fibers were observed by AFM using the three preparation methods listed above, but the possibility of identifying such a feature in the future was not excluded.
Download or read book Handbook Of Carbon Nano Materials Volumes 7 8 written by Karl M Kadish and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-08-24 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seventh and eighth volumes of Handbook of Carbon Nano Materials focus on novel properties and applications of nanocarbons, viz., graphene, nanotube and fullerene. The books provide a comprehensive overview of the author's work, and significant discoveries and pioneering contributions from other groups. Specific applications cover latest developments in graphene synthesis, CVD of carbon nanomaterials, multifunctional carbon nanostructures, chemical manipulation, energy conversion and storage, nanotube micellar surface chemistry, and biosensor development. This is a highly useful book for graduate students, as well as beginning and senior researchers.
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes written by M. Endo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanotubes have been studied extensively in relation to fullerenes, and together with fullerenes have opened a new science and technology field on nano scale materials. A whole range of issues from the preparation, structure, properties and observation of quantum effects in carbon nanotubes in comparison with 0-D fullerenes are discussed. In addition, complementary reviews on carbon nanoparticles such as carbon nano-capsules, onion-like graphite particles and metal-coated fullerenes are covered. This book aims to cover recent research and development in this area, and so provide a convenient reference tool for all researchers in this field. It is also hoped that this book can serve to stimulate future work on carbon nanotubes.
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes written by A. K. Haghi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-02-03 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the diversity of recent advances in carbon nanotubes from a broad perspective that will be useful for scientists as well as for graduate students and engineers. Presenting leading-edge research in this dynamic field, this volume is an introduction to the physical concepts needed for investigating carbon nanotubes and other one-di
Download or read book Handbook of Carbon Nano Materials written by Francis D'Souza and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Functionalization of graphene / Nikolaos Karousis, Solon Economopoulos and Nikos Tagmatarchis -- 2. Advanced carbon materials for electrochemical energy conversion and storage / Junbo Hou [und weitere] -- 3. Carbon nanomaterial-based molecular architectures for light energy conversion / Taku Hasobe -- 4. Electrochemistry of carbon nanostructures: from pristine materials to functional devices / Matteo Iurlo [und weitere] -- 5. Fullerene-based self-assembled morphological materials / Yanfei Shen, Junko Aimi and Takashi Nakanishi -- 6. Hybrids involving fullerenes and carbon nanotubes / Maria Vizuete [und weitere] -- 7. Semiconductor carbon nanotube optics / Lisa J. Nogaj, Libai Huang and Todd D. Krauss -- 8. Near-field optics of SWNTs and FRET in their nanoscale complexes / Tetyana Ignatova, Andrei M. Nemilentsau and Slava V. Rotkin -- 9. Understanding the role of the metal catalyst in carbon nanotube growth: towards chiral-selective growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes / Wei-Hung Chiang and R. Mohan Sankaran -- 10. Stability computations for fullerenes and metallofullerenes / Zdenek Slanina [und weitere]
Download or read book Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene written by Kazuyoshi Tanaka and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2014-07-10 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene is a timely second edition of the original Science and Technology of Carbon Nanotubes. Updated to include expanded coverage of the preparation, purification, structural characterization, and common application areas of single- and multi-walled CNT structures, this work compares, contrasts, and, where appropriate, unitizes CNT to graphene. This much expanded second edition reference supports knowledge discovery, production of impactful carbon research, encourages transition between research fields, and aids the formation of emergent applications. New chapters encompass recent developments in the theoretical treatments of electronic and vibrational structures, and magnetic, optical, and electrical solid-state properties, providing a vital base to research. Current and potential applications of both materials, including the prospect for large-scale synthesis of graphene, biological structures, and flexible electronics, are also critically discussed. Updated discussion of properties, structure, and morphology of biological and flexible electronic applications aids fundamental knowledge discovery Innovative parallel focus on nanotubes and graphene enables you to learn from the successes and failures of, respectively, mature and emergent partner research disciplines High-quality figures and tables on physical and mathematical applications expertly summarize key information – essential if you need quick, critically relevant data
Download or read book Design and Selective Synthesis of Carbon Nanothreads and Their Exfoliation written by Sikai Wu and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon nanothreads are a class of one-dimensional nanocarbons with sp3 diamond-like carbon backbone and hydrogenated surface. They possess mechanical strength on par with that of their sp2 counterparts, carbon nanotubes. The discovery of nanothreads through high-pressure polymerization of benzene has inspired the synthesis of a growing family of nanothread materials from various organic precursors. This presents a great opportunity in tuning the structures and properties of nanothreads, which will provide novel materials that combine high strength nanothread backbones and additional desirable functionalities. Chapter 1 introduces the discovery of nanothreads, their anticipated properties, and current progress in nanothread design. Chapter 2 presents how non-parallel molecular stacks in precursor crystals can produce nanothreads with unique carbon backbones. 1,2-difluorobenzene was used as a model system and investigated using in situ single-crystal diffraction. Upon reaction, both slipped molecular stacks and Y-shaped molecular stacks formed distinct nanothread products. With the help of reciprocal space analysis and structural modeling/simulation, evidence for a new nanothread backbone, named polymolane, was shown. Chapter 3 presents a simple cocrystal design strategy toward synthesis of conductive nanothreads, which is to utilize cocrystals made of two [pi] systems with mismatching sizes. The formation of nanothreads with a small bandgap (ca. 1 eV) and metallic transport characteristics was demonstrated by the compression of pyrene-1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene cocrystal. The product also exhibits an elastic modulus that rivals that of technical ceramics. Such performances in conductivity and mechanical strength are the best that have ever been experimentally measured in nanothread materials so far. Chapter 4 presents the investigation of scalability in nanothread synthesis with moderate heat (less than 300 °C). Heating experiments with several nanothread-forming precursors showed successful formation of nanothread products at a reduced reaction pressure. Especially, the reaction pressure for furan nanothreads was reduced from 15 GPa at room temperature to 8 GPa at 140 °C. Further reduction in reaction pressure could lead to large-scale synthesis of nanothread materials in large-volume presses, such as cubic presses that are used in the synthetic diamond industry. Chapter 5 presents the progress in the development of nanothread exfoliation/dispersion methods through my collaboration. Excitingly, by using alkali metal intercalation and dispersion method, it is demonstrated for the first time that as-synthesized nanothreads can be exfoliated into individual threads and very small bundles. This development will enable further investigation of intrinsic structures/properties of nanothreads and their applications.
Download or read book Carbon Molecules and Materials written by Ralph Setton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-04-11 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unexpected recent discovery and synthesis of a new form of elemental carbon has initiated an abundance of papers on all aspects of the chemistry and physics of the carbon family. Carbon Molecules and Materials takes stock of the current understanding of these various solid forms and, more particularly, of the diamond, graphite and fullerenes. A
Download or read book The Science and Technology of Carbon Nanotubes written by T. Yamabe and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-08-17 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) is the material lying between fullerenes and graphite as a new member of carbon allotropes. The study of CNT has gradually become more and more independent from that of fullerenes. As a novel carbon material, CNTs will be far more useful and important than fullerenes from a practical point of view, in that they will be directly related to an ample field of nanotechnology. This book presents a timely, second-generation monograph covering as far as practical, application of CNT as the newest science of these materials. Most updated summaries for preparation, purification and structural characterisation of single walled CNT and multi walled CNT are given. Similarly, the most recent developments in the theoretical treatments of electronic structures and vibrational structures are covered. The newest magnetic, optical and electrical solid-state properties providing a vital base to actual application technologies are described. Explosive research trends towards application of CNTs, including the prospect for large-scale synthesis, are also introduced. It is the most remarkable feature of this monograph that it devotes more than a half of the whole volume to practical aspects and offers readers the newest developments of the science and technological aspects of CNTs.
Download or read book Handbook Of Carbon Nano Materials Volumes 5 6 written by Karl M Kadish and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-01-22 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifth and sixth volumes of the Handbook of Carbon Nano Materials focus on fundamental properties and key applications of graphene. Graphene, the thinnest known material made of a single atom thick sheet of carbon atoms arranged hexagonally, offers great opportunities for application development in nanotechnology. This handbook covers fundamental properties, characterization, chemical manipulation, and applications of graphene. Specific applications cover latest developments in chemical manipulation, thermodynamic characterization, energy conversion and storage, and biosensor development.
Download or read book Handbook of Carbon Nanotubes written by Jiji Abraham and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-16 with total page 2099 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook covers the fundamentals of carbon nanotubes (CNT), their composites with different polymeric materials (both natural and synthetic) and their potential advanced applications. Three different parts dedicated to each of these aspects are provided, with chapters written by worldwide experts in the field. It provides in-depth information about this material serving as a reference book for a broad range of scientists, industrial practitioners, graduate and undergraduate students, and other professionals in the fields of polymer science and engineering, materials science, surface science, bioengineering and chemical engineering. Part 1 comprises 22 chapters covering early stages of the development of CNT, synthesis techniques, growth mechanism, the physics and chemistry of CNT, various innovative characterization techniques, the need of functionalization and different types of functionalization methods as well as the different properties of CNT. A full chapter is devoted to theory and simulation aspects. Moreover, it pursues a significant amount of work on life cycle analysis of CNT and toxicity aspects. Part 2 covers CNT-based polymer nanocomposites in approximately 23 chapters. It starts with a short introduction about polymer nanocomposites with special emphasis on CNT-based polymer nanocomposites, different manufacturing techniques as well as critical issues concerning CNT-based polymer nanocomposites. The text deeply reviews various classes of polymers like thermoset, elastomer, latex, amorphous thermoplastic, crystalline thermoplastic and polymer fibers used to prepare CNT based polymer composites. It provides detailed awareness about the characterization of polymer composites. The morphological, rheological, mechanical, viscoelastic, thermal, electrical, electromagnetic shielding properties are discussed in detail. A chapter dedicated to the simulation and multiscale modelling of polymer nanocomposites is an additional attraction of this part of the Handbook. Part 3 covers various potential applications of CNT in approximately 27 chapters. It focuses on individual applications of CNT including mechanical applications, energy conversion and storage applications, fuel cells and water splitting, solar cells and photovoltaics, sensing applications, nanofluidics, nanoelectronics and microelectronic devices, nano-optics, nanophotonics and nano-optoelectronics, non-linear optical applications, piezo electric applications, agriculture applications, biomedical applications, thermal materials, environmental remediation applications, anti-microbial and antibacterial properties and other miscellaneous applications and multi-functional applications of CNT based polymer nanocomposites. One chapter is fully focussed on carbon nanotube research developments: published papers and patents. Risks associated with carbon nanotubes and competitive analysis of carbon nanotubes with other carbon allotropes are also addressed in this Handbook.
