Download or read book Coral Reefs and Climate Change written by Jonathan Turnbull Phinney and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 2006-01-10 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Coastal and Estuarine Studies, Volume 61. The effects of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide and related climate change on shallow coral reefs are gaining considerable attention for scientific and economic reasons worldwide. Although increased scientific research has improved our understanding of the response of coral reefs to climate change, we still lack key information that can help guide reef management. Research and monitoring of coral reef ecosystems over the past few decades have documented two major threats related to increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2: (1) increased sea surface temperatures and (2) increased seawater acidity (lower pH). Higher atmospheric CO2 levels have resulted in rising sea surface temperatures and proven to be an acute threat to corals and other reef-dwelling organisms. Short periods (days) of elevated sea surface temperatures by as little as 1–2°C above the normal maximum temperature has led to more frequent and more widespread episodes of coral bleaching-the expulsion of symbiotic algae. A more chronic consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2 is the lowering of pH of surface waters, which affects the rate at which corals and other reef organisms secrete and build their calcium carbonate skeletons. Average pH of the surface ocean has already decreased by an estimated 0.1 unit since preindustrial times, and will continue to decline in concert with rising atmospheric CO2. These climate-related Stressors combined with other direct anthropogenic assaults, such as overfishing and pollution, weaken reef organisms and increase their susceptibility to disease.
Download or read book Catchments and Corals written by Miles Jonathan Furnas and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides the first comprehensive description of the state of the Great Barrier Reef catchment, modern levels of runoff to the reef and the influence of runoff on coastal reef ecosystems.
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Estuarine Sediments written by Unesco and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Calcium Orthophosphates written by Sergey V. Dorozhkin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-04 with total page 863 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to a great chemical similarity with the biological calcified tissues, many calcium orthophosphates possess remarkable biocompatibility and bioactivity. Materials scientists use this property extensively to construct artificial bone grafts that are either entirely made of or only surface-coated with the biologically relevant calcium orthophospha
Download or read book Algal Ecology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1996-06-03 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algae are an important component of aquatic benthic ecosystems because they reflect the health of their environment through their density, abundance, and diversity. This comprehensive and authoritative text is divided into three sections to offer complete coverage of the discussion in this field. The first section introduces the locations of benthic algae in different ecosystems, like streams, large rivers, lakes, and other aquatic habitats. The second section is devoted to the various factors, both biotic and abiotic, that affect benthic freshwater algae. The final section of the book focuses on the role played by algae in a variety of complex freshwater ecosystems. As concern over environmental health escalates, the keystone and pivotal role played by algae is becoming more apparent. This volume in the Aquatic Ecology Series represents an important compilation of the latest research on the crucial niche occupied by algae in aquatic ecosystems. - Presents algae as the important player in relation to environmental health - Prepared by leading authorities in the field - Includes comprehensive treatment of the functions of benthic algae as well as the factors that affect these important aquatic organisms - Acts as an important reference for anyone interested in understanding and managing freshwater ecosystems
Download or read book Global Change in the Holocene written by John Birks and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-24 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Holocene spans the 11,500 years since the end of the last Ice Age and has been a period of major global environmental change. However the rate of change has accelerated during the last hundred years, due largely to human impacts and this has led to a growing concern for the future of our environmental resources. Global Change in the Holocene demonstrates how reconstructing the record of past environmental change can provide us with essential knowledge about how our environment works and presents the reader with an informed viewpoint from which to project realistic future scenarios. The book brings together key techniques that are widely used in Holocene research, such as radiocarbon dating, dendrochronology and sediment analysis and offers a comprehensive analysis of various archives of environmental change including instrumental and documentary records, corals, lake sediments, glaciers and ice cores. This reference will be an informative and cutting-edge resource for all researchers in the fields of climate change, environmental science, geography, palaeoecology and archaeology.
Download or read book Corals and Coral Reefs of the Gal pagos Islands written by Peter W. Glynn and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1983-01-01 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 00 This scientifically thorough,lucidly written work explores the nature, development, and extent of the archipelago's reef-building corals. Also included is an annotated list of the Scleractianian Corals by John W. Wells This scientifically thorough,lucidly written work explores the nature, development, and extent of the archipelago's reef-building corals. Also included is an annotated list of the Scleractianian Corals by John W. Wells
Download or read book Handbook of Environmental Isotope Geochemistry written by Mark Baskaran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applications of radioactive and stable isotopes have revolutionized our understanding of the Earth and near-earth surface processes. The utility of the isotopes are ever-increasing and our sole focus is to bring out the applications of these isotopes as tracers and chronometers to a wider audience so that they can be used as powerful tools to solve environmental problems. New developments in this field remain mostly in peer-reviewed journal articles and hence our goal is to synthesize these findings for easy reference for students, faculty, regulators in governmental and non-governmental agencies, and environmental companies. While this volume maintains its rigor in terms of its depth of knowledge and quantitative information, it contains the breadth needed for wide variety problems and applications in the environmental sciences. This volume presents all of the newer and older applications of isotopes pertaining to the environmental problems in one place that is readily accessible to readers. This book not only has the depth and rigor that is needed for academia, but it has the breadth and case studies to illustrate the utility of the isotopes in a wide variety of environments (atmosphere, oceans, lakes, rivers and streams, terrestrial environments, and sub-surface environments) and serves a large audience, from students and researchers, regulators in federal, state and local governments, and environmental companies.
Download or read book Water Heritage written by Willem Willems and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-15 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water is vital for life, and its availability has been a concern for mankind throughout the ages. Its presence has always been ascertained in a variety of ways and the development of human society everywhere is connected with various forms of water management. Man also needed to manage water to find protection from its dangers and the need for that is increasing. In the coming decades, the impact of climate change is expected to intensify floods and droughts, affect groundwater resources, raise sea levels, increase pollution and enhance the frequency and magnitude of disasters. Societies around the world are challenged to adapt to these threats to ensure water security, economic prosperity and environmental and cultural sustainability. This book deals with the heritage of water management and the use that was made of water, as well as the impact of water management on heritage. An example of the former may be an ancient irrigation system in the Filipines or in the Middle East that still functions today, while the latter may reflect the importance of maintaining groundwater levels for the preservation of organic remains on archaeological sites or of wooden piles underneath standing buildings. In either case the papers in this book reflect the dynamic nature of water, and hence the equally dynamic relation between water management and heritage. This publication follows up on a Heritage and Water conference in Amsterdam, the first of its kind. Its main purpose is to credibly present the importance and value of heritage and historical experience for water and sustainable development, and vice versa, present the importance of water management for the protection of heritage. It presents evolving insights and concepts about Water and about Heritage from a variety of disciplines, policy and public perspectives illustrated with cases studies and aims to connect decision makers with experts such as engineers, archaeologists, historians, geographers, ecologist and landscape architects
Download or read book ICIPEG 2014 written by Mariyamni Awang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-20 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Integrated Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences 2014 (ICIPEG2014). Topics covered on the petroleum engineering side include reservoir modeling and simulation, enhanced oil recovery, unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, production and operation. Similarly geoscience presentations cover diverse areas in geology, geophysics palaeontology and geochemistry. The selected papers focus on current interests in petroleum engineering and geoscience. This book will be a bridge between engineers, geoscientists, academicians and industry.
Download or read book Karst Hydrogeology and Geomorphology written by Derek Ford and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-03 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1989, Karst Geomorphology and Hydrology became the leading textbook on karst studies. This new textbook has been substantially revised and updated. The first half of the book is a systematic presentation of the dissolution kinetics, chemical equilibria and physical flow laws relating to karst environments. It includes details of the many environmental factors that complicate their chemical evolution, with a critique of measurement of karst erosion rates. The second half of the book looks at the classification system for cave systems and the influence of climate and climatic change on karst development. The book ends with chapters on karst water resource management and a look at the important issues of environmental management, including environmental impact assessment, environmental rehabilitation, tourism impacts and conservation values. Practical application of karst studies are explained throughout the text. "This new edition strengthens the book's position as the essential reference in the field. Karst geoscientists will not dare to stray beyond arm's reach of this volume. It is certain to remain the professional standard for many decades." Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, August 2007
Download or read book Zooarchaeology written by Elizabeth J. Reitz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-14 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as an introductory text for students interested in identification and analysis of animal remains from archaeological sites. This revised edition reflects developments in zooarchaeology that have occurred during the past decade. It includes new sections on enamel ultrastructure and incremental analysis, stable isotyopes and trace elements, ancient genetics and enzymes, environmental reconstruction, people as agents of environmental change, applications of zooarchaeology in animal conversation and heritage management, and a discussion of issues pertaining to the curation of archaeofaunal materials.
Download or read book Principles of Human Nutrition written by Martin Eastwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-06-05 with total page 1088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exciting new book is the updated and revised second edition of an extremely popular and well-received textbook. Written by Martin Eastwood, well respected internationally in nutritional sciences, this important new edition provides students with a thorough book that should be adopted for course use on many courses worldwide. Taking into account constructive comments received by students and teachers who used and enjoyed the first edition, this new edition retains the original freshness of the 1st edition, looking at nutrition as an exciting discipline. Special features within the book to help students include summaries, boxes and questions. Carefully laid out to assist learning, the book is divided broadly into sections, providing in-depth coverage of the following subjects: food in the community metabolism of nutrients by an individual, dictated by genetic makeup, measurement of an individual’s nutritional status essential, non-essential and non-nutrients; their selection, ingestion, digestion, absorption and metabolism nutritional requirements in the normal individual and for specific diseases Principles of Human Nutrition, 2nd Edition is primarily written as a course text for those studying degree courses in nutrition and dietetics and for students on modular courses on nutrition within other degree courses, e.g. food studies, medicine, health sciences, nursing and biological sciences. It is also of great value as a reference for professional nutritionists and dietitians, food scientists and health professionals based in academia, in practice and in commercial positions such as within the food and pharmaceutical industries. Multiple copies of this valuable book should also be on the shelves of all universities, medical schools and research establishments where these subjects are studied and taught. For supplementary material associated with this textbook and its contents, please visit the web pages for this book, on the publishers’ website: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/eastwood/ Martin Eastwood was formerly consultant gastroenterologist at the Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, U. K. and Reader in Medicine at the University of Edinburgh, U. K.
Download or read book Geochemistry written by Harry Y. McSween and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written expressly for undergraduate and graduate geologists, this book focuses on how geochemical principles can be used to solve practical problems. The attention to problem-solving reflects the authors'belief that showing how theory is useful in solving real-life problems is vital for learning. The book gives students a thorough grasp of the basic principles of the subject, balancing the traditional equilibrium perspective and the kinetic viewpoint. The first half of the book considers processes in which temperature and pressure are nearly constant. After introductions to the laws of thermodynamics, to fundamental equations for flow and diffusion, and to solution chemistry, these principles are used to investigate diagenesis, weathering, and natural waters. The second half of the book applies thermodynamics and kinetics to systems undergoing changes in temperature and pressure during magmatism and metamorphism. This revised edition incorporates new geochemical discoveries as examples of processes and pathways, with new chapters on mineral structure and bonding and on organic matter and biomarkers. Each chapter has worked problems, and the authors assume that the student has had a year of college-level chemistry and a year of calculus. Praise for the first edition "A truly modern geochemistry book.... Very well written and quite enjoyable to read.... An excellent basic text for graduate level instruction in geochemistry." --Journal of Geological Education "An up-to-date, broadly conceived introduction to geochemistry.... Given the recent flowering of geochemistry as an interdisciplinary science, and given the extent to which it now draws upon the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics to understand earth and planetary processes, this timely and rigorous [book] is welcome indeed." --Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
Download or read book The Indian Paleogene written by Sunil Bajpai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book provides a concise account of Indian Paleogene and presents a unified view of the Paleogene sequences of India. The Paleogene, comprising the early part of the Cenozoic Era, was the most dynamic period in the Earth’s history with profound changes in the biosphere and geosphere. The period spans ~42 million years, beginning from post- K/T mass extinction event at ~65 Ma and ending at ~23 Ma, when the first Antarctic ice sheet appeared in the Southern Hemisphere. The early Paleogene (Paleocene–Eocene) has been considered a globally warm period, superimposed on which were several transient hyperthermal events of extreme warmth. Of these, the Palaeocene Eocene Thermal Maxima (PETM) boundary interval is the most prominent extreme warming episode, lasting 200 Ka. PETM is characterized by 2–6‰ global negative carbon isotope excursion. The event coincided with the Benthic Extinction Event (BEE) in deep sea and Larger Foraminifera Turnover (LFT) in shallow seas. Rapid ~60–80 warming of high latitudinal regions led to major faunal and floral turnovers in continental, shallow-marine and deep-marine areas. The emergence and dispersal of mammals with modern characteristics, including Artiodactyls, Perissodactyls and Primates (APP), and the evolution and expansion of tropical vegetation are some of the significant features of the Paleogene warm world. In the Indian subcontinent, the beginning and end of the Paleogene was marked by various events that shaped the various physiographic features of the Indian subcontinent. The subcontinent lay within the equatorial zone during the earliest part of the Paleogene. Carbonaceous shale, coal and lignite deposits of early Eocene age (~55.5–52 Ma) on the western and north-eastern margins of the Indian subcontinent are rich in fossils and provide information on climate as well as the evolution and paleobiogeography of tropical biota. Indian Paleogene deposits in the India–Asia collision zone also provide information pertaining to the paleogeography and timing of collision. Indian Paleogene rocks are exposed in the Himalayan and Arakan mountains; Assam and the shelf basins of Kutch–Saurashtra, Western Rajasthan; Tiruchirappalli–Pondicherry and Andaman and, though aerially limited, these rocks bear geological evidence of immense importance.
Download or read book Advances in Stromatolite Geobiology written by Joachim Reitner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-22 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stromatolites are the most intriguing geobiological structures of the entire earth history since the beginning of the fossil record in the Archaean. Stromatolites and microbialites are interpreted as biosedimentological remains of biofilms and microbial mats. These structures are important environmental and evolutionary archives which give us information about ancient habitats, biodiversity, and evolution of complex benthic ecosystems. However, many geobiological aspects of these structures are still unknown or only poorly understood. The present proceedings highlight the new ideas and information on the formation and environmental setting of stromatolites presented at the occasion of the Kalkowsky Symposium 2008, held in Göttingen, Germany.
Download or read book Coastal Ecological Systems of the United States written by Howard T. Odum and published by Conservation Foundation. This book was released on 1974-06-01 with total page 1977 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
