Download or read book Carbon Distribution in Managed Upland Redwood Stands Using the California Climate Action Registry Forest Project Protocol written by Steven W. Swenson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Understanding and Analysis The California Air Resources Board Forest Offset Protocol written by Eric Marland and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a product of the initial phase of a broader study evaluating the voluntary and regulatory compliance protocols that are used to account for the contributions of forests in U.S.-based greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation programs. The research presented here is particularly concerned with these protocols’ use of the USDA Forest Service’s Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data to describe forest conditions, ownership, and management scenarios, and is oriented towards providing regulators and other interested parties with an objective comparison of the options, uncertainties, and opportunities available to offset GHG emissions through forest management. Chapters focus on the protocols for recognizing forest carbon offsets in the California carbon cap-and-trade program, as described in the Compliance Offset Protocol; U.S. Forest Projects (California Air Resources Board, 2011). Readers will discover the protocols used for quantifying the offset of GHG emissions through forest-related project activity. As such, its scope includes a review of the current methods used in voluntary and compliance forest protocols, an evaluation of the metrics used to assign baselines and determine additionality in the forest offset protocols, an examination of key quantitative and qualitative components and assumptions, and a discussion of opportunities for modifying forest offset protocols, in light of the rapidly changing GHG-related policy and regulatory environment. Finally, the report also discusses accounting and policy issues that create potential barriers to participation in the California cap-and-trade program, and overall programmatic additionality in addressing the needs of a mitigation strategy.

Download or read book Demonstration of the Climate Action Reserve Forestry Protocols at LaTour Demonstration State Forest WESTCARB Final Report written by Timothy A. Robards and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book California Forest Carbon Plan written by California. Forest Climate Action Team and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forest Sector Protocol written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Innovations in Measuring and Managing Forest Carbon Stocks in California written by John J. Battles and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forests and Carbon written by Gregory Valatin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantifying Potentential Benefits of Carbon Market Participation for Owners of Pennsylvania Oak Stands written by Chieh-chung Yang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In United States, voluntary and mandatory state-level carbon trading programs are multiplying that allow forest landowners to be compensated for carbon sequestered by their forests. Forests are a potential carbon sink, and certain forest management activities can effectively result in increased carbon sequestration. This study tries to answer two questions: 1) Can owners of oak forest stands in Pennsylvania benefit by participating in carbon markets and are the benefits sufficient to induce participation? And 2) If so, to what extent and how would participation in carbon markets change the management behavior of Pennsylvania oak forest owners? In order to answer these questions, two objectives are addressed: First, apply the CAR Forest Project Protocol to a variety of Pennsylvania oak forest management scenarios on a sample of oak forest stands that vary in terms of age, site quality and stocking. Second, Evaluate how participation in CAR would affect the profitability of each management scenario and, if so, how participation would likely change the preferred management practice for each stand. Thirty-six oak plots in Pennsylvania were selected from the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) database, with two from each of 18 groups based on Stand Age, Basal Area, and Site Condition. Seven management alternatives (two even-aged alternatives, four uneven-aged alternatives, and a No Management alternative) were simulated for each of the sampled plots using the Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS). Carbon credits, or Climate Reserve Tonnes (CRTs), were calculated for each plot and management scenario using the Forest Project Protocol from CAR. The Shelterwood 80 (SW 80) management alternative was designated as the baseline scenario. The present value of the CRTs were calculated based on two carbon prices ($10 tCO2e and $30 tCO2e) and discounted rates (4% and 6%). In addition, the present value of timber harvests was also calculated for each plot and management scenario. Negative quantified removals were addressed by assuming that each plot/stand was part of a larger ownership and that negative removals are offset by positive removals on the rest of the property in any given year. Thus, no negative removals were carried over and no buffer pool was needed to account for reversals. This approach is referred to as the "enterprise-wide perspective." Confidence deductions were also set at 10%. Total quantified removals are generally larger for the no management scenario and the SW120 scenario but are lower and often negative for the other treatments. When carbon price is at $10/ tCO2e and the discount rate is 4%, the present values of the projected carbon credits shows that No Mgt or U 30W management is probably the better choice for landowners interested in maximizing CRTs. However, uneven-aged management treatments tended to produce the greatest present values of timber revenues. At a carbon price of $10/tCO2e, timber values tend to be much larger than carbon values. However, at a carbon price of $30/ tCO2e, the No Mgt option produces nearly as much value from carbon alone as the timber values from other options. This finding suggests that raising carbon price could make the No Mgt become the best scenario even though it produces no timber revenue. The higher discount of 6% disproportionately negatively affects the management scenarios that favor waiting longer before harvesting and reduces the ability of carbon credits to shift the optimal management regime to longer rotations and waiting longer before harvesting. Some limitations of the analysis presented here include the lack of cost data and possible inaccuracies in the way FVS projects stand development under the uneven-aged management scenarios.

Download or read book Assessment of Carbon Storage by Sacramento s Urban Forest written by Elena Aguaron-Fuente and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the forefront of combating climate change, California has adopted laws like AB32 (Global Warming Solutions Act) that reflect ambitious solutions to slow down the trend of increasing emissions. A statewide urban forest planting initiative in California is estimated to account for a significant percentage of the state's total targeted 170 million tons (Mt) reduction of CO2 (i.e., 6 Mt of CO2 annually for 50 million new trees). However, there is no baseline for statewide urban forest reductions, which makes it impossible to determine how much, if any of these projected reductions are "additional" to a business-as-usual (BAU) baseline. Quantifying CO2 storage in the urban forest for 1990 to the present and predicting future storage to 2020 are required to establish a baseline. Reductions that go above and beyond this baseline would be deemed "additional" and worth reporting. The Urban Forest Project Protocol (Vers. 1.1) guides accounting and reporting practices for new tree planting projects, but it does not consider sector-wide efforts to conserve carbon stored in existing trees. This paper presents an approach that combines remotely sensed data and field inventories to develop 1990-2020 baselines for CO2 storage and sequestration by Sacramento's regional urban forest. The first section of this document focuses on determining and explaining the variability among estimates of CO2 storage from four sets of allometric equations for the same ground sample of 640 trees. Limited open-grown urban tree species biomass equations have necessitated use of forest-derived equations with diverse conclusions on the accuracy of these equations to estimate urban biomass and carbon storage. A second goal is to compare the variability found in CO2 stored and sequestered per hectare among estimation approaches for Sacramento's urban forest with the variation found among six other cities. Substantial variability was observed among the four approaches. Storage estimates differed by a maximum of 29% and ranged from 38-49 Mg/ha. The two sequestration estimates differed by 55%, ranging from 1.8-2.8 Mg/ha. To put these numbers in perspective, they amounted to about one-tenth and one-quarter of the maximum differences in CO2 storage and sequestration rates among six cities, respectively. i-Tree Eco produced the lowest storage estimates, perhaps because it relied exclusively on forest-based equations and applied a 0.80 correction factor to open-grown trees. The storage estimates produced by i-Tree Streets and CUFR Tree Carbon Calculator (CTCC) were the highest, while Urban General Equations produced relatively low estimates of CO2 storage. Eco produced lower estimates of CO2 sequestration rates than the CTCC across a range of species. Eco's reductions for tree condition and projected mortality may partially explain the difference. The results support the conclusion that applying UGEs to remotely sensed data that accurately classify broadleaf, conifer and palm tree types in the Sacramento region is likely to produce conservative results compared to results from urban-based species-specific equations. In the second section of this document tree canopy cover (TCC, m2) TCC was mapped and measured for years 1990, 2000, and 2007 using Thematic Mapper and Quickbird imagery. Results from field studies conducted in 1994 (Sacramento Urban Forest Ecosystem Study) and 2007 (UFORE) were used to calibrate the model. The resulting baseline for 1990 to 2020 shows a gradual increase in CO2 storage and sequestration. This trend reflects maturing tree canopy in older neighborhoods, as well as emerging canopy with new development. A potential 15-year planting scenario of 5 million trees results in 381,389 additional trees, 0.51% additional tree canopy cover (TCC) increase, 927.33 additional treed ha and 14,049 additional t of carbon dioxide sequestered or $210,734 accepting the California Environmental Protection Agency estimated average carbon price of $15 per ton for the next two decades. The findings of this study will help urban foresters and city planners in Sacramento better understand baseline trends in urban forest carbon storage that are critical to determining if future management efforts will result in storage that can be reported and credited as additional to BAU. Also, it presents an approach that has potential to be improved and applied to produce a statewide urban forest inventory and baseline.

Download or read book Climate Project written by Stephen F. Mader and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Regional and Forest level Estimates of Carbon Stored in Harvested Wood Products from the United States Forest Service Northern Region 1906 2010 written by Nathaniel M. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global forests capture and store significant amounts of CO2 through photosynthesis. When carbon is removed from forests through harvest, a portion of the harvested carbon is stored in wood products, often for many decades. The United States Forest Service (USFS) and other agencies are interested in accurately accounting for carbon flux associated with harvested wood products (HWP) to meet greenhouse gas monitoring commitments and climate change adaptation and mitigation objectives. National-level forest carbon accounting has been in place for over a decade, but there is an increasing need for accounting at the scale of smaller administrative units, including USFS Regions and individual national forests. This paper uses the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) production accounting approach and the California Forest Project Protocol (CFPP) to estimate HWP carbon storage from 1906 to 2010 for the USFS Northern Region and its eleven national forests, which span northern Idaho, Montana, South Dakota, and eastern Washington. For the Northern Region as a whole, carbon stocks in the HWP pool were increasing at one million megagrams of carbon (MgC) per year in the mid-1960s, with peak cumulative storage of 28 million MgC occurring in 1995. Net positive flux into the HWP pool over this period is primarily attributable to high harvest levels in the middle of the twentieth century. Harvest levels declined after 1970, resulting in less carbon entering the HWP pool. Since 1995, emissions from HWP at solid waste disposal sites have exceeded additions from harvesting, resulting in a decline in the total amount of carbon stored in the HWP pool. The Northern Region HWP pool is now in a period of negative net annual stock change because the decay of products harvested between 1906 and 2010 exceeds additions of carbon to the HWP pool through harvest. Though most individual national forests mirror Regional-level trends in harvest and carbon flux, the timing and magnitude of change differs among forests with some forests departing notably from Regional trends. Together with estimates of ecosystem carbon, Regional and Forest-level estimates of HWP carbon flux can be used to inform management decisions and guide climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts by the agency. Though our emphasis is on national forests in the Northern Region, we provide a framework by which these accounting methods can be applied more broadly at sub-national scales to other regions, land management units, and firms.

Download or read book Carbon Supply from Changes in Management of Forest and Range Lands in Shasta County California written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Carbon Supply from Changes in Management of Forest Range and Agricultural Lands of California written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analyzing Access to California s Regulatory Forest Offset Market written by Marissa Schmitz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest offset projects under the California cap-and-trade market offer the potential for landowners to engage in a new, non-traditional forest resource commodification, by monetizing the carbon sequestration of managed forests. Using frameworks of environmental governance, commodity chain analysis, and access theory, this study examines a) development of the forest offset protocol b) the steps and relationships involved in forest offset production and c) market participation trends from year-one operation. Interviews with protocol development stakeholders and forest offset project participants and content analysis of carbon project design documents are important sources of data. Results highlight the complexities of commodifying abstract ecosystem goods, including the ability of stakeholders to favor their own market participation via access to program design, the cost and complexity of rendering intangible goods “real” for market exchange, and the potential for diverse participants to access benefits from a new and unusual good. This research brings empirical evidence to bear on the global search for innovative policy tools for GHG reduction.

Download or read book Capital Preventive Maintenance written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Managing California s Water written by Ellen Hanak and published by Public Policy Instit. of CA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Planner s Guide for Oak Woodlands written by Gregory A. Giusti and published by UCANR Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed for professional planners, consultants, and landscape architects, this new edition provides science-based information that can guide decision-making. As more development occurs in the oak woodlands this guide can provide a framework for preserving this icon of the California landscape.