Download or read book Captive Rhesus Macaque Welfare written by Daniel Hellman Gottlieb and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rhesus macaques are one of the most commonly used primates in bio-medical research. The welfare of captive rhesus is a growing public concern, and empirical research is necessary to determine the best management practices for captive rhesus well-being. Unfortunately welfare research often has inconclusive results, which may in part be due to individual differences within animals. In this dissertation research, three independent studies on rhesus macaques are presented. The objective of the first study was to assess the efficacy of three types of foraging enrichment: puzzle balls, supertubes, and shakers. A significant increase in foraging behavior was found in all three groups, however the three enrichment devices had different effects on individual expression of stereotypy. The objective of the second study was to identify whether increasing the predictability of husbandry events could decrease stress and anxiety in singly housed animals. Results found that temporal predictability of feeding reduced stress and anxiety, and was thus considered beneficial to the animals. In both studies it was noted that not all subjects responded the same to the experimental treatments, and it was hypothesized that this was due to individual differences within subjects. The objective of the third study was to evaluate the human intruder test, a commonly used paradigm to measure individual differences in rhesus. Specifically, the aim of this study was to identify the underlying latent factors affecting different responses to the test. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of behavioral responses yielded a model with four-factors: "Activity," "Emotionality," "Aggression," and "Displacement." These results suggest that most of the variation in behavioral response to the human intruder test can be explained by these four latent factors.
Download or read book Visual Information Processing Welfare and Cognition in the Rhesus Macaque written by Antonino Calapai and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual information processing, welfare, and cognition in the rhesus macaque - Chapter one deals with motion and disparity in macaque monkeys' area MST and their functional independence. Chapter two relates with the advantages of employing a cage-based system with automated training protocols, in the training of captive rhesus macaques, with insights into animal welfare. Chapter three discusses the role of fixational eye movements in the deployment of covert visual spatial attention, in human subjects....
Download or read book The Effects of Ground Substrate on the Behavior and Well being of Outdoor Captive Groups of Rhesus Macaques Macaca Mulatta written by Brianne Aminta Beisner and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monkey See Monkey Do Evaluating the Use of Caregiver Behaviours as Social Enrichment for Captive Rhesus and Cynomolgus Macaques written by Rachel Van Vliet and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Enrichment is pivotal to captive animal welfare. Social enrichment is of particular import for social animals who, due to laboratory space or protocols, are not housed in larger groups. The objective of our study was to see if laboratory caregivers could act as an additional source of social enrichment to pair-housed research macaques. We set out to see if additional time spent with the monkeys would positively impact them, and what type of interactions would benefit them most. 5 adult Rhesus and 3 adult Cynomolgus macaques, all housed in pairs, were enrolled in the study. Each day, for a 3 week period, caregivers would spend 6 minutes attempting to interact with the monkeys during their regular afternoon feeding (2 min before, during, and after). Half the monkeys received human behaviour (HB), where the caregivers interacted with the monkeys as they usually would, using human body language and speaking softly. The other half received monkey-like behaviour (MB), in which caregivers would attempt to imitate monkey behaviour, all the while avoiding eye-contact or speaking (both of which may be perceived as aggressive by the macaques). Our results showed that monkeys were more likely to engage in interactions before feeding, indicating that this may be an ideal time to provide social enrichment. During the interactions, MB monkeys interacted less with the caregivers, showing lower rates of affiliative and submissive behaviours, but also lower rates of abnormal behaviour than HB monkeys (P
Download or read book Environmental Enrichment and Refinement for Nonhuman Primates Kept in Research Laboratories written by Viktor Reinhardt and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Psychological Well Being of Nonhuman Primates written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-11-03 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 1985 amendment to the Animal Welfare Act requires those who keep nonhuman primates to develop and follow appropriate plans for promoting the animals' psychological well-being. The amendment, however, provides few specifics. The Psychological Well-Being of Nonhuman Primates recommends practical approaches to meeting those requirements. It focuses on what is known about the psychological needs of primates and makes suggestions for assessing and promoting their well-being. This volume examines the elements of an effective care programâ€"social companionship, opportunities for species-typical activity, housing and sanitation, and daily care routinesâ€"and provides a helpful checklist for designing a plan for promoting psychological well-being. The book provides a wealth of specific and useful information about the psychological attributes and needs of the most widely used and exhibited nonhuman primates. Readable and well-organized, it will be welcomed by animal care and use committees, facilities administrators, enforcement inspectors, animal advocates, researchers, veterinarians, and caretakers.
Download or read book Improving Welfare in Nursery reared Infant Rhesus Macaques Mucaca Mulatta written by Rebecca Lynn Brunelli and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nursery-reared infants have a variety of behavioral and physiological differences from their mother-reared counterparts, but nursery rearing remains a necessity in some circumstances. The goal of this research was to investigate three early rearing environments of captive rhesus macaques, and to seek ways to improve the welfare of nursery-reared infants. We gave a complex mechanical responsive surrogate to one group of continuously peer-paired infants and compared them to a group with an identical but non-responsive surrogate. We found no significant differences between the two groups, so we combined them into one group (CS) and compared them with a non-surrogate control group (NS). CS infants showed less partner clinging and affiliation, and more foraging and tactile/oral exploration of their home environment than NS infants. In the second study, we used BioBehavioral Assessment to investigate whether CS infants differed from NS infants in personality and coping styles in the absence of their pair-mates and surrogates under a variety of mildly stressful situations. CS infants were rated with a significantly higher level of confidence than NS infants. They also showed a trend towards more exploratory behavior, and significantly higher rates of cooing than NS infants. These studies provide evidence that the exposure to a mechanical surrogate for peer-paired nursery-reared infants can help to create animals that are more confident in their home cages as well as better able to cope with environmental challenges. In the third study, we investigated the behavioral development of indoor mother-reared infants (MRI) and outdoor mother-reared infants (MRO), and found significant differences between the two groups. MRI infants had more frequent tactile/oral exploration, self-play, foraging, scratching, affiliation with mother, rejection by mother, proximity to and non-ventral-ventral contact with mother than MRO infants. MRO infants had more frequent sleep, nursing on mother, retrieval and restraint by mother, away position from and ventral-ventral contact with mother than in MRI infants. This study provided evidence that differences between outdoor mother-reared infants and indoor nursery-reared infants found in other studies may be due not only to a lack of a mother, but also to differences in the indoor versus outdoor environments.
Download or read book Enrichment for Nonhuman Primates written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stereotypic Animal Behaviour written by Georgia Mason and published by CABI. This book was released on 2008-04-09 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abnormal behaviour patterns, from the jumping and somersaulting of caged laboratory mice to the pacing of enclosed 'big cats', are displayed by many millions of farm, zoo, research and companion animals. Including new chapters and over 30 contributors, this book focuses on the causation and treatment of these environment-induced stereotypic behaviours, and their implications for animal welfare and normalcy of brain functioning. The book begins by taking an ethological perspective, focusing on the constraints captivity places on animals' normal behavioural repertoires, and the effects these have on specific motivational systems. It then addresses the role of dysfunction, particularly the impact of chronic stress and impoverished environments on brain functioning. The book then moves on to explore how stereotypic behaviours can be tackled, once they have emerged, using diverse techniques from environmental enrichment to pharmaceutical intervention. It concludes by giving a new definition for 'stereotypic behaviour', and a discussion of future research directions.
Download or read book Scientific Foundations of Zoos and Aquariums written by Allison B. Kaufman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using first-person stories and approachable scientific reviews, this volume explores how zoos conduct and support science around the world.
Download or read book Personality in Nonhuman Animals written by Jennifer Vonk and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-26 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This stimulating and comprehensive collection brings together multiple perspectives on the topic of personality in nonhuman animals—linking historical perspectives, theoretical approaches, methods, and cutting-edge discoveries. Experts from various fields describe their findings on species ranging from dogs, cats, chimpanzees, and dolphins to sharks, snakes, and other reptiles. Chapters not only discuss the evolution of personality, but also describe potential applications within the areas of animal-human interactions, animal ethics and welfare, conservation science, and other areas. A key focus is the role of genetics and the environment in determining animal behavior and personality, including related traits, such as creativity and boredom. These chapters present the study of personality in nonhumans as a means by which we can better understand medical and psychological issues specific to our own species as well. Chapters include: · Exploring factor space (and other adventures) with the Hominoid Personality Questionnaire · The quantitative and molecular genetics of individual differences in animal personality · Personality, temperament and individuality in reptile behavior · What do we want to know about personality in marine mammals? · Individual differences in nonhuman animals: examining boredom, curiosity, and creativity · The interplay between animal personality and foraging ecology Taking significant steps in advancing the study of animal personality, Personality in Nonhuman Animals will engage personality psychologists, comparative psychologists, and behavior ecologists as well as conservationists, zookeepers, livestock managers, and all those interested in the brain and behavior of animals.
Download or read book Nonhuman Primate Welfare written by Lauren M. Robinson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-01 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews the broad topic of welfare in nonhuman primates under human care. Chapters detail the history of primates in captivity, ethical and legal issues surrounding the use of nonhuman primates as entertainment or in research, the different approaches that welfare are measured, and how housing, enrichment, and other conditions can foster or degrade welfare. Since humans began keeping nonhuman primates we have made vast strides in understanding their cognitive abilities, strong social bonds, vibrant personalities, and their capacity for joy and suffering. With an increasing number of countries banning the use of great apes in biomedical research, the welfare of primates in zoos and research facilities has gained increasing attention. This interdisciplinary work features contributors from many of the fields involved and those on both sides of the issue, thus providing an exhaustive overview of primate welfare. Readers from animal welfare science, primatology, animal testing, veterinary medicine, conservation to ethics and legislation will find this an important account.
Download or read book Handbook of Primate Husbandry and Welfare written by Sarah Wolfensohn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Primate Husbandry and Welfare covers all aspects of primate care and management both in the laboratory environment and in zoos. From the welfare and ethics of primate captivity through to housing and husbandry systems, environmental enrichment, nutritional requirements, breeding issues, primate diseases, and additional information on transportation and quarantine proceedings, this book provides a completely comprehensive guide to good husbandry and management of primates. Designed to be a practical field manual, the authors present the material using lists, tables and illustrations to clarify best practice. Representative species are covered – from marmosets through to macaques One of the first books dedicated to the care of primates in captivity Written by authors with many years of experience working with primates Suitable for those working with primates in either laboratories or zoos
Download or read book Environmental Enrichment for Captive Animals written by Robert J. Young and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-07 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental enrichment is a simple and effective means of improving animal welfare in any species – companion, farm, laboratory and zoo. For many years, it has been a popular area of research, and has attracted the attention and concerns of animal keepers and carers, animal industry professionals, academics, students and pet owners all over the world. This book is the first to integrate scientific knowledge and principles to show how environmental enrichment can be used on different types of animal. Filling a major gap, it considers the history of animal keeping, legal issues and ethics, right through to a detailed exploration of whether environmental enrichment actually works, the methods involved, and how to design and manage programmes. The first book in a major new animal welfare series Draws together a large amount of research on different animals Provides detailed examples and case studies An invaluable reference tool for all those who work with or study animals in captivity This book is part of the UFAW/Wiley-Blackwell Animal Welfare Book Series. This major series of books produced in collaboration between UFAW (The Universities Federation for Animal Welfare), and Wiley-Blackwell provides an authoritative source of information on worldwide developments, current thinking and best practice in the field of animal welfare science and technology. For details of all of the titles in the series see www.wiley.com/go/ufaw.
Download or read book Zoo Animal Welfare written by Terry Maple and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-22 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zoo Animal Welfare thoroughly reviews the scientific literature on the welfare of zoo and aquarium animals. Maple and Perdue draw from the senior author’s 24 years of experience as a zoo executive and international leader in the field of zoo biology. The authors’ academic training in the interdisciplinary field of psychobiology provides a unique perspective for evaluating the ethics, practices, and standards of modern zoos and aquariums. The book offers a blueprint for the implementation of welfare measures and an objective rationale for their widespread use. Recognizing the great potential of zoos, the authors have written an inspirational book to guide the strategic vision of superior, welfare-oriented institutions. The authors speak directly to caretakers working on the front lines of zoo management, and to the decision-makers responsible for elevating the priority of animal welfare in their respective zoo. In great detail, Maple and Perdue demonstrate how zoos and aquariums can be designed to achieve optimal standards of welfare and wellness.
Download or read book Wild Mammals in Captivity written by Devra G. Kleiman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-08-15 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zoos, aquaria, and wildlife parks are vital centers of animal conservation and management. For nearly fifteen years, these institutions have relied on Wild Mammals in Captivity as the essential reference for their work. Now the book reemerges in a completely updated second edition. Wild Mammals in Captivity presents the most current thinking and practice in the care and management of wild mammals in zoos and other institutions. In one comprehensive volume, the editors have gathered the most current information from studies of animal behavior; advances in captive breeding; research in physiology, genetics, and nutrition; and new thinking in animal management and welfare. In this edition, more than three-quarters of the text is new, and information from more than seventy-five contributors is thoroughly updated. The standard text for all courses in zoo biology, Wild Mammals in Captivity will, in its new incarnation, continue to be used by zoo managers, animal caretakers, researchers, and anyone with an interest in how to manage animals in captive conditions.
