Download or read book Captage du dioxyde de carbone par des semiclathrate hydrates written by Pedro Freire Brântuas and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les hydrates de gaz sont une façon non conventionnelle de piéger et de stocker des molécules de gaz par cristallisation d'eau à haute pression et à basse température. Les sels d'ammonium quaternaire forment des semiclathrates hydrates à pression atmosphérique et des hydrates mixtes en présence de gaz. Il est important de connaître leurs propriétés thermodynamiques, afin d'évaluer leurs applications potentielles : une des ces-ci est la capture du dioxyde de carbone à partir des gaz de combustion. Dans nos expériences, les semiclathrates ont été fabriqués à partir de sels de peralkylammonium (TBAB, TBACl, TBAF), et de bromure de tétra-butylphosphonium (TBPB) en combinaison avec plusieurs gaz : CO2, N2, CH4. La pression de formation a été fortement réduite par rapport aux hydrates de gaz respectifs.Afin de déterminer les coefficients d'activité des hydrates en présence de sels, un modèle eNRTL a été conçue. Des systèmes comportant un sel ou deux sels ont été modélisés en présence d'hydrate de CH4 et sont en accord avec la littérature. Un système en présence de TBAB et de CH4 a été également étudié : la modélisation diffère des données expérimentales de la littérature, probablement en raison d'une structure différente. Cependant, les résultats sont prometteurs, et le modèle donne une bonne prédiction. Sur la base des résultats expérimentaux, un procédé à l'échelle pilote a été conçu. Ce nouveau procédé consiste à former des hydrates mixtes de TBAB et de CO2 dans une colonne à bulles. Les hydrates sont ensuite retirés de la colonne et après dépressurisation, les hydrates mixtes se transforment en hydrates de TBAB, libérant du CO2, qui est renvoyé à la colonne à bulles.
Download or read book Gas Hydrates 1 written by Daniel Broseta and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-08-07 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas hydrates, or clathrate hydrates, are crystalline solids resembling ice, in which small (guest) molecules, typically gases, are trapped inside cavities formed by hydrogen-bonded water (host) molecules. They form and remain stable under low temperatures – often well below ambient conditions – and high pressures ranging from a few bar to hundreds of bar, depending on the guest molecule. Their presence is ubiquitous on Earth, in deep-marine sediments and in permafrost regions, as well as in outer space, on planets or comets. In addition to water, they can be synthesized with organic species as host molecules, resulting in milder stability conditions: these are referred to as semi-clathrate hydrates. Clathrate and semi-clathrate hydrates are being considered for applications as diverse as gas storage and separation, cold storage and transport and water treatment. This book is the first of two edited volumes, with chapters on the experimental and modeling tools used for characterizing and predicting the unique molecular, thermodynamic and kinetic properties of gas hydrates (Volume 1) and on gas hydrates in their natural environment and for potential industrial applications (Volume 2).
Download or read book Captage du dioxyde de carbone par cristallisation de clathrate hydrate en pr sence de cyclopentane written by Aurélie Galfré and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le CO2 est capté par formation de clathrates hydrates sous l'action d'un promoteur de cristallisation thermodynamique. Les clathrates hydrates sont des composés d'inclusion non stœchiométriques formés de molécules d'eau organisées en réseau de cavités piégeant des molécules de gaz. Ce procédé de captage consiste à piéger de façon sélective le dioxyde de carbone dans les cavités des clathrates hydrates et à le séparer ainsi des autres gaz. Les hydrates mixtes de cyclopentane (CP) + gaz ont été étudiés dans le cadre du projet FUI ACACIA et du projet européen ICAP. Les premières expériences se sont focalisées sur l'étude des équilibres quadri phasiques (gaz CO2/N2, eau liquide, cyclopentane liquide et hydrate). Le cyclopentane est un promoteur thermodynamique qui forme des hydrates mixtes de CO2 + N2 + CP à basse pression et température modérée. La pression d'équilibre des hydrates mixtes est réduite jusqu'à 97% par rapport à la pression d'équilibre initiale des hydrates de gaz. La sélectivité de captage du CO2 dans les hydrates mixtes est augmentée et le volume de gaz stocké est de 40 m3gaz/m3hydrate. Une seconde étude expérimentale, conduite en présence d'une sonde FBRM (Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements) et d'une émulsion stable directe de CP/eau, a montré que la cinétique de cristallisation des hydrates mixtes de CP + CO2 est limitée par la diffusion du gaz à l'interface gaz/liquide. La sonde FBRM permet de détecter parfaitement l'apparition de la nucléation. Le changement de profil de la distribution en longueurs de corde (CLD) est non seulement lié à l'apparition des mécanismes de cristallisation (dont l'agglomération) mais aussi à la disparition des gouttes de CP au profit des hydrates qui cristallisent par un mécanisme à cœur rétrécissant.
Download or read book Gas Hydrates 2 written by Livio Ruffine and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-16 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas hydrates in their natural environment and for potential industrial applications (Volume 2).
Download or read book Hydrogen Storage Materials written by R. G. Barnes and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ames Laboratory, Iowa, USA
Download or read book Carbon Capture and Storage written by José Carlos Magalhães Pires and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-08-23 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is one of the main threats to modern society. This phenomenon is associated with an increase in greenhouse gas (GHGs, mainly carbon dioxide—CO2) emissions due to anthropogenic activities. The main causes are the burning of fossil fuels and land use change (deforestation). Climate change impacts are associated with risks to basic needs (health, food security, and clean water), as well as risks to development (jobs, economic growth, and the cost of living). The processes involving CO2 capture and storage are gaining attention in the scientific community as an alternative for decreasing CO2 emissions, reducing its concentration in ambient air. The carbon capture and storage (CCS) methodologies comprise three steps: CO2 capture, CO2 transportation, and CO2 storage. Despite the high research activity within this topic, several technological, economic, and environmental issues as well as safety problems remain to be solved, such as the following needs: increase of CO2 capture efficiency, reduction of process costs, and verification of the environmental sustainability of CO2 storage.
Download or read book Raman Spectroscopy and Applications written by Khan Maaz and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-02-15 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Raman spectroscopy has a number of applications in various fields including material science, physics, chemistry, biology, geology, and medicine. This book illustrates necessary insight and guidance in the field of Raman spectroscopy with detailed figures and explanations. This presents deep understanding of new techniques from basic introduction to the advance level for scientists and engineers. The chapters cover all major aspects of Raman spectroscopy and its application in material characterization with special emphasis on both the theoretical and experimental aspects. This book is aimed to provide solid foundation of Raman spectroscopy to the students, scientists, and engineers working in various fields as mentioned above.
Download or read book Thermodynamic Models for Industrial Applications written by Georgios M. Kontogeorgis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using an applications perspective Thermodynamic Models for Industrial Applications provides a unified framework for the development of various thermodynamic models, ranging from the classical models to some of the most advanced ones. Among these are the Cubic Plus Association Equation of State (CPA EoS) and the Perturbed Chain Statistical Association Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT). These two advanced models are already in widespread use in industry and academia, especially within the oil and gas, chemical and polymer industries. Presenting both classical models such as the Cubic Equations of State and more advanced models such as the CPA, this book provides the critical starting point for choosing the most appropriate calculation method for accurate process simulations. Written by two of the developers of these models, Thermodynamic Models for Industrial Applications emphasizes model selection and model development and includes a useful “which model for which application” guide. It also covers industrial requirements as well as discusses the challenges of thermodynamics in the 21st Century.
Download or read book Sediment hosted Gas Hydrates written by D. Long and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2009 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is much interest in gas hydrates in relation to their potential role as an important driver for climate change and as a major new energy source; however, many questions remain, not least the size of the global hydrate budget. Much of the current uncertainty centres on how hydrates are physically stored in sediments at a range of scales. This volume details advances in our understanding of sediment-hosted hydrates, and contains papers covering a range of studies of real and artificial sediments containing both methane hydrates and CO2 hydrates. The papers include an examination of the techniques used to locate, sample and characterize hydrates from natural, methane-rich systems, so as to understand them better. Other contributions consider the nature and stability of synthetic hydrates formed in the laboratory, which in turn improve our ability to make accurate predictive models.
Download or read book Gas Hydrates and Their Relation to the Operation of Natural gas Pipe Lines written by W. M. Deaton and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural Gas Hydrate written by M.D. Max and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. THE BEGINNINGS OF HYDRATE RESEARCH Until very recently, our understanding of hydrate in the natural environment and its impact on seafloor stability, its importance as a sequester of methane, and its potential as an important mechanism in the Earth's climate change system, was masked by our lack of appreciation of the vastness of the hydrate resource. Only a few publications on naturally occurring hydrate existed prior to 1975. The first published reference to oceanic gas hydrate (Bryan and Markl, 1966) and the first publication in the scientific literature (Stoll, et a1., 1971) show how recently it has been since the topic of naturally occurring hydrate has been raised. Recently, however, the number of hydrate publications has increased substantially, reflecting increased research into hydrate topics and the initiation of funding to support the researchers. Awareness of the existence of naturally occurring gas hydrate now has spread beyond the few scientific enthusiasts who pursued knowledge about the elusive hydrate because of simple interest and lurking suspicions that hydrate would prove to be an important topic. The first national conference on gas hydrate in the U.S. was held as recently as April, 1991 at the U.S. National Center of the U.s. Geological Survey in Reston Virginia (Max et al., 1991). The meeting was co-hosted by the U.s. Geological Survey, the Naval Research Laboratory, and the U.S.
Download or read book Membrane Technology and Applications written by Richard W. Baker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-05-31 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments for the first edition Acknowledgments for the second edition 1 Overview of Membrane Science and Technology 1 2 Membrane Transport Theory 15 3 Membranes and Modules 89 4 Concentration Polarization 161 5 Reverse Osmosis 191 6 Ultrafiltration 237 7 Microfiltration 275 8 Gas Separation 301 9 Pervaporation 355 10 Ion Exchange Membrane Processes - Electrodialysis 393 11 Carrier Facilitated Transport 425 12 Medical Applications of Membranes 465 13 Other Membrane Processes 491 Appendix 523 Index 535.
Download or read book Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry written by Jerzy Leszczynski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-03 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Practical Aspects of Computational Chemistry" presents contributions on a range of aspects of Computational Chemistry applied to a variety of research fields. The chapters focus on recent theoretical developments which have been used to investigate structures and properties of large systems with minimal computational resources. Studies include those in the gas phase, various solvents, various aspects of computational multiscale modeling, Monte Carlo simulations, chirality, the multiple minima problem for protein folding, the nature of binding in different species and dihydrogen bonds, carbon nanotubes and hydrogen storage, adsorption and decomposition of organophosphorus compounds, X-ray crystallography, proton transfer, structure-activity relationships, a description of the REACH programs of the European Union for chemical regulatory purposes, reactions of nucleic acid bases with endogenous and exogenous reactive oxygen species and different aspects of nucleic acid bases, base pairs and base tetrads.
Download or read book Materials for Carbon Capture written by De-en Jiang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-25 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers a wide range of advanced materials and technologies for CO2 capture As a frontier research area, carbon capture has been a major driving force behind many materials technologies. This book highlights the current state-of-the-art in materials for carbon capture, providing a comprehensive understanding of separations ranging from solid sorbents to liquid sorbents and membranes. Filled with diverse and unconventional topics throughout, it seeks to inspire students, as well as experts, to go beyond the novel materials highlighted and develop new materials with enhanced separations properties. Edited by leading authorities in the field, Materials for Carbon Capture offers in-depth chapters covering: CO2 Capture and Separation of Metal-Organic Frameworks; Porous Carbon Materials: Designed Synthesis and CO2 Capture; Porous Aromatic Frameworks for Carbon Dioxide Capture; and Virtual Screening of Materials for Carbon Capture. Other chapters look at Ultrathin Membranes for Gas Separation; Polymeric Membranes; Carbon Membranes for CO2 Separation; and Composite Materials for Carbon Captures. The book finishes with sections on Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers for Carbon Capture and Ionic Liquids for Chemisorption of CO2 and Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes. A comprehensive overview and survey of the present status of materials and technologies for carbon capture Covers materials synthesis, gas separations, membrane fabrication, and CO2 removal to highlight recent progress in the materials and chemistry aspects of carbon capture Allows the reader to better understand the challenges and opportunities in carbon capture Edited by leading experts working on materials and membranes for carbon separation and capture Materials for Carbon Capture is an excellent book for advanced students of chemistry, materials science, chemical and energy engineering, and early career scientists who are interested in carbon capture. It will also be of great benefit to researchers in academia, national labs, research institutes, and industry working in the field of gas separations and carbon capture.
Download or read book Direct Ocean Disposal of Carbon Dioxide written by Nobuhiko Handa and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers from the First and Second International Workshops on Interaction between CO2 and Ocean.
Download or read book Computer Modeling of Matter written by Peter Lykos and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heat and cold storage with PCM written by Harald Mehling and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-15 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The years 2006 and 2007 mark a dramatic change of peoples view regarding c- mate change and energy consumption. The new IPCC report makes clear that - mankind plays a dominant role on climate change due to CO emissions from en- 2 ergy consumption, and that a significant reduction in CO emissions is necessary 2 within decades. At the same time, the supply of fossil energy sources like coal, oil, and natural gas becomes less reliable. In spring 2008, the oil price rose beyond 100 $/barrel for the first time in history. It is commonly accepted today that we have to reduce the use of fossil fuels to cut down the dependency on the supply countries and to reduce CO emissions. The use of renewable energy sources and 2 increased energy efficiency are the main strategies to achieve this goal. In both strategies, heat and cold storage will play an important role. People use energy in different forms, as heat, as mechanical energy, and as light. With the discovery of fire, humankind was the first time able to supply heat and light when needed. About 2000 years ago, the Romans started to use ceramic tiles to store heat in under floor heating systems. Even when the fire was out, the room stayed warm. Since ancient times, people also know how to cool food with ice as cold storage.
