Download or read book Capital Asset Pricing Under Heterogeneous Expectations and the Important sic of Restrictions on Short Sales written by Stephen Figlewski and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Capital Asset Pricing Under Heterogeneous Expectations and the Importance of Restrictions on Short Sales written by Stephen Figlewski and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principles of the Capital Asset Pricing Model and the Importance in Firm Valuation written by Nadine Pahl and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-04 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,0, University of Applied Sciences Berlin, course: Financial Management, language: English, abstract: In everything you do, or don't do, there is a chance that something will happen that you didn't count on. Risk is the potential for unexpected things to happen. Risk aversion is a common thing among almost all investors. Investors generally dislike uncertainty or risk and agree that a safe dollar is worth more than a risky one. Therefore, investors will have to be persuaded to take higher risk by the offer of higher returns. In this investment context, the additional compensation for taking on higher risk is a higher rate of return.Every investment has a risk element: The investor will always not be certainwhether the investment will be able to generate the required income. The degree of risk defers from industry to industry but also from company to company. It is not possible to eliminate the investment risk altogether but to reduce is. Nevertheless, often there remains a risky part. According to the degree of risk, the investor demands a corresponding rate of return that is, of course, higher than the rate of return of risk-free investments. Taking on a risk should be paid off. The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is an economic model for valuing stocks, securities, derivatives and/or assets by relating risk and expected rate of return. CAPM is based on the idea that investors demand additional expected return if they are asked to accept additional risk.
Download or read book Limitations of the Capital Asset Pricing Model CAPM written by Manuel Kürschner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-07-04 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,3, University of Cooperative Education, language: English, abstract: The objective of this paper is to give an overview of the most important movements of the complex area of asset pricing. This will be tried by logically structuring and building up the topic from its origins, the Capital Asset Pricing Model, and then over its main points of critique, in order to arrive at the different options developed by financial science that try to resolve those problematic aspects. Due to the complexity of this subject and the limited scope of this paper, obviously it will not be possible to discuss each model or movement in depth. Coherently, the aim is to point out the main thoughts of each aspect discussed. For further information, especially concerning the deeper mathematical backgrounds and derivations of the models, the author would like to refer the reader to the books mentioned in this paper. Many of those works, finance journal publications and the literature on asset pricing in general, set their focus on different parts of this paper, which again underlines the complexity in terms of scientific scope and intellectual and mathematical intricacy of this topic.
Download or read book Limitations of the Capital Asset Pricing Model CAPM written by Manuel Kürschner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,3, University of Cooperative Education, 31 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: The objective of this paper is to give an overview of the most important movements of the complex area of asset pricing. This will be tried by logically structuring and building up the topic from its origins, the Capital Asset Pricing Model, and then over its main points of critique, in order to arrive at the different options developed by financial science that try to resolve those problematic aspects. Due to the complexity of this subject and the limited scope of this paper, obviously it will not be possible to discuss each model or movement in depth. Coherently, the aim is to point out the main thoughts of each aspect discussed. For further information, especially concerning the deeper mathematical backgrounds and derivations of the models, the author would like to refer the reader to the books mentioned in this paper. Many of those works, finance journal publications and the literature on asset pricing in general, set their focus on different parts of this paper, which again underlines the complexity in terms of scientific scope and intellectual and mathematical intricacy of this topic.
Download or read book Asset Pricing with Costly Short Sales written by Theodoros Evgeniou and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study a dynamic equilibrium model with costly-to-short stocks and heterogeneous beliefs. The closed-form solution to the model shows that costly short sales drive a wedge between the valuation of assets that promise identical cash flows but are subject to different trading arrangements. Specifically, we show that the price of an asset is given by the risk-adjusted present value of future cash flows which include both dividends and an endogenous lending yield. This formula implies that returns satisfy a modified capital asset pricing model and sheds light on recent findings about the explanatory power of lending fees in the cross-section of returns. In particular, we show that once returns are appropriately adjusted for lending fees, stocks with low and high shorting costs offer similar risk-return tradeoffs.
Download or read book A New Model of Capital Asset Prices written by James W. Kolari and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-01 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes a new capital asset pricing model dubbed the ZCAPM that outperforms other popular models in empirical tests using US stock returns. The ZCAPM is derived from Fischer Black’s well-known zero-beta CAPM, itself a more general form of the famous capital asset pricing model (CAPM) by 1990 Nobel Laureate William Sharpe and others. It is widely accepted that the CAPM has failed in its theoretical relation between market beta risk and average stock returns, as numerous studies have shown that it does not work in the real world with empirical stock return data. The upshot of the CAPM’s failure is that many new factors have been proposed by researchers. However, the number of factors proposed by authors has steadily increased into the hundreds over the past three decades. This new ZCAPM is a path-breaking asset pricing model that is shown to outperform popular models currently in practice in finance across different test assets and time periods. Since asset pricing is central to the field of finance, it can be broadly employed across many areas, including investment analysis, cost of equity analyses, valuation, corporate decision making, pension portfolio management, etc. The ZCAPM represents a revolution in finance that proves the CAPM as conceived by Sharpe and others is alive and well in a new form, and will certainly be of interest to academics, researchers, students, and professionals of finance, investing, and economics.
Download or read book An Empirical and Theoretical Analysis of Capital Asset Pricing Model written by Mohammad Sharifzadeh and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2010-11-18 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem addressed in this dissertation research was the inability of the single-factor capital asset pricing model (CAPM) to identify relevant risk factors that investors consider in forming their return expectations for investing in individual stocks. Identifying the appropriate risk factors is important for investment decision making and is pertinent to the formation of stocks' prices in the stock market. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine theoretical and empirical validity of the CAPM and to develop and test a multifactor model to address and resolve the empirical shortcomings of the single-factor CAPM. To verify the empirical validity of the standard CAPM and of the multifactor model, five hypotheses were developed and tested against historical monthly data for U.S. public companies. Testing the CAPM hypothesis revealed that the explanatory power of the overall stock market rate of return in explaining individual stock's expected rates of return is very weak, suggesting the existence of other risk factors. Testing of the other hypotheses verified that the implied volatility of the overall market as a systematic risk factor and the companies' size and financial leverage as nonsystematic risk factors are important in determining stock's expected returns and investors should consider these factors in their investment decisions. The findings of this research have important implications for social change. The outcome of this study can change the way individual and institutional investors as well as corporations make investment decisions and thus change the equilibrium prices in the stock market. These changes in turn could lead to significant changes in the resource allocation in the economy, in the economy's production capacity and production composition, and in the employment structure of the society.
Download or read book Some Notes on the Capital Asset Pricing Model CAPM Short sale Restrictions and Related Issues written by Stephen A. Ross and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Capital Asset Pricing Model written by and published by Bookboon. This book was released on with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Capital Asset Pricing Model and Short Sales written by Edwin J. Elton and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Asset Pricing with Heterogeneous and Constrained Investors written by Lei Shi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze the joint effect of borrowing and short-sale constraints in a dynamic economy populated by two constrained investors with heterogeneous risk aversions and beliefs. We find that equilibrium prices adjust in such a way that the constraints never simultaneously bind. When the constraints are tight, we observe a regime switch behavior (discontinuities) in the risk-free rate and market price of risk at a critical state, where two equilibria exist, i.e., either constraint can be binding. Stock return volatility is the lowest at the critical state. Imposing a ban on short-sales at the same time when access to credit is restrictive or tightening borrowing during a short-sale ban can potentially move the equilibrium away from the critical state, thus increase stock return volatility rather than reducing it.
Download or read book Capital Asset Pricing Model Without Borrowing Or Short Sales written by Valeri Popov and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a new utility framework, the author constructs a capital asset pricing model (CAPM) without borrowing or short sales. According to the new utility framework, borrowing at the risk-free rate and short sales of the zero-beta portfolio cause a decline in risk tolerance. This rules-out a linear investment frontier. Instead, the frontier is described as an upward-sloping, convex curve that consists of many efficient portfolios. In the absence of short sales, the linear regression between asset returns and asset betas holds only in special cases. Also, the intercept of the regression is unique to each efficient portfolio. Using the proposed model, the author explains empirical violations of traditional CAPMs including the Equity Premium Puzzle and the predictive power of non-beta factors such as market size, P/E and book-to-market ratios.
Download or read book Rational Expectations and the Capital Asset Pricing Model written by Robert K. Rayner and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Asset Pricing with Heterogeneous Investors and Portfolio Constraints written by Georgy Chabakauri and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study general equilibrium in a Lucas (1978) economy with one consumption good and two investors with heterogeneous risk aversions and beliefs about aggregate consumption growth rate, and portfolio constraints. We provide a comprehensive comparison of various constraints, and show which of them and under what conditions help match the properties of asset prices in the data. We find that borrowing and short-sale constraints decrease stock return volatilities, whereas limited stock market participation constraints can increase volatilities even when investors have identical preferences and beliefs. Moreover, borrowing constraints generate spikes in interest rates and stock return volatilities when the constraint starts to bind. Finally, we find that short-sale constraints have smaller impact on asset prices than borrowing constraints, consistent with the empirical evidence on short-sale bans in the aftermath of 2007-09 financial crisis.
Download or read book A Capital Asset Pricing Model CAPM with Trading Constraints and Price Bubbles written by Robert A. Jarrow and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper derives an equilibrium capital asset pricing model (CAPM) in a market with trading constraints and asset price bubbles. The asset price processes are general semimartingales including Markov jump-diffusion processes as special cases, and the trading constraints considered include short sale restrictions, borrowing constraints, and margin requirements, among others. We derive a generalized intertertemporal CAPM and consumption CAPM for these markets. The implications for empirical testing are that additional systematic risk factors will exist in a market with trading constraints and price bubbles as contrasted with an otherwise equivalent unconstrained market with no price bubbles.
Download or read book The Capital Asset Pricing Model Tests of Portfolios Selected from Stocks with Poor Past Performance and an Investigation of the Acility sic of Discriminant Analysis to Differentiate Performance written by Wayne Alan Fairburn and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
