Download or read book Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser induced Fluorescence Detection for the Determination of Glucose in Biological Samples written by Sherryl A. Perez and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis Methodologies for the Analysis of Biological Samples written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Separation techniques such as capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography have found application in the analysis of biological samples. In capillary electrophoresis charged species are separated based on their mass to charge ratios under the influence of an applied electric field. In liquid chromatography, analytes are separated based on their partition between a stationary and mobile phase. Separation techniques when combined with a variety of detection techniques such as ultraviolet, laser induced fluorescence, mass spectrometry and electrochemical detection have been very successful in the quantification of analytes comprised in complex mixtures (e.g., biological samples). Capillary electrophoresis (CE) with laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection was used to separate different bioconjugated CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs). The QD nanocrystals studied were conjugated to the biomolecules streptavidin, biotin, and immunoglobulin G. The bioconjugated QDs showed different electrophoretic mobilities, which appear to depend upon the biomolecule that is attached to the QD and the buffer solution used. The use of a polymeric additive into the CE run buffer improved the resolution of the bioconjugates. Under CE conditions, the interaction between QD bioconjugates containing streptavidin (QDSt) and biotin (QDBi) was monitored. In a two color experiment, two different sizes of QD (i.e., 585 nm and 655 nm) were used to monitor the interaction between 655 nm QDBi and 585 nm QDSt. The use of QDs with different emission properties allows the selective monitoring of two different wavelengths while using one single excitation source. This in turn, allowed the monitoring of overlapping peaks in the electropherogram when newly formed products resulting from the interaction of the two bioconjugated QDs appeared. Protease inhibitors (PIs) are a class of compounds that are used in the treatment of patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These drugs inhibit the HIV-1 protease, acting on the production of viral proteins essential for the completion of the viral replication process. Monitoring free drug concentration is necessary to establish the dosage that would result in optimum free drug concentration in blood for a given patient. We developed methodology to analyze free protease inhibitor lopinavir in plasma samples. Ultrafiltration was used to isolate the free drug; then LC/MS/MS was used for sample analysis. Restrictive access media columns have been developed to simplify sample preparation processes. These columns allow the direct injection of untreated biological samples. Restrictive access media columns exclude macromolecules such as proteins, while retaining small molecules such as drugs. Two restrictive access material columns were evaluated for the direct injection of plasma for analysis of the protease inhibitor lopinavir. In the columns studied the interaction of plasma components with the material inside the column was more than expected. Glucose monitoring and insulin therapy are becoming a standard of care in patients in the intensive care unit. In order to control glycemic levels, frequent glucose monitoring is required. The use of tear fluid glucose concentrations was evaluated as a non-invasive sampling strategy for monitoring glucose in intensive care unit patients. Glucose in tear fluid samples from intensive care unit patients were analyzed using anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. The results did not show a correlation between tear fluid and blood glucose concentrations.
Download or read book Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser induced Fluorescence Detection written by Tara Lee Massie and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIF) is a versatile and sensitive analytical tool with many potential applications. Its advantages over other chromatographic methods include minimal solvent and sample requirements, low waste volumes, simple instrumentation, and diversity of analytes studied. CE is one of the most efficient separation techniques available for the analysis of both large and small molecules, but because few analytes are natively fluorescent, it is necessary to bind them with fluorescent tags if LIF detection is to be employed. These tags increase sensitivity and provide additional separation from components of the sample that do not bind the tags. In this dissertation, four applications of CE-LIF for the determination of tagged analytes are documented. First, a rapid CE-LIF method was developed for the determination of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and other important brain biogenic amines and amino acids present in biological samples at low levels. The high efficiency and sensitivity necessary to identify toxicologically relevant changes in neurotransmitter levels in brain tissue and microdialysates following Mn exposure was achieved, and the method required minimum sample work-up and quantities of sample for analysis. A linear relationship between the concentration of GABA and the CE-LIF peak height was established, with correlation coefficients of 0.989 or better for four neurotransmitters. Second, the use of two squarylium-based fluorescent dyes (bis-SQHN-4d and SQHN-3c) as noncovalent protein labels was investigated. The fluorescence emissions of both dyes were enhanced upon complexation with model proteins, demonstrating promise as noncovalent fluorescent protein labels. Third, the nature of interactions between two boronic acid-based probes (SQTM-BA1 and ANQW-BA1) and two model proteins (bovine serum albumin (BSA) and hemagglutinin (HA)) have been explored. The complex between SQTM-BA1 and BSA was the only complex to show increased fluorescence emission, and the role of electrostatic interactions between SQTM-BA1 and BSA in complex formation was explored. Lastly, CE-LIF methods were developed to label and quantify turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV). Noncovalent labels Red-1c and NN127 effectively labeled the surface proteins of the virus, and the labeled viruses were then analyzed by CE-LIF. The CE-LIF methods developed herein for the analysis of neurotransmitters, free solution proteins, and viruses demonstrate the versatility of the technique, especially when coupled with fluorescent labeling.
Download or read book Analysis of Carbohydrates by Capillary Electrophoresis written by Aran Paulus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wir sind umgeben von Kohlenhydraten: der süße Kaffee, Tee oder Dessert, die Stärke als Hauptkomponente unserer Nahrung und die Zellulose als Strukturelement in Pflanzen. Kohlenhydrate sind eine wichtige Klasse biologischer Moleküle, die an einer Anzahl wichtiger biochemischer Prozesse beteiligt sind. Gerade beginnen wir die Rolle von komplexen Zuckern zu verstehen, die an Proteine gebunden die Kommunikation von Zellen in einer "Zuckersprache" bewerkstelligen. Und nicht zuletzt kommen die ersten Kohlenhydratmoleküle als Medikamente auf den Markt. Anders als für andere Biopolymere sind die analytischen Methoden zur strukturellen Charakterisierung und Sequenzanalyse für Kohlenhydrate zur Zeit ungenügend, zum Teil wegen der überwältigenden Isotopenzahl der Zucker. Dieses Buch beschreibt die Entwicklung der letzten Jahre, die mit der Kapillarelektrophorese in Bezug auf eine miniaturisierte Analytik mit besserer Auflösung und Empfindlichkeit gemacht wurden. Instrumentierung, Derivatisierung, Trennbedingungen und Anwendungen in verschiedenen Disziplinen und Industrien wie z. B. Glykobiologie, Lebensmittelindustrie und Biotechnologie werden beschrieben.
Download or read book Capillary Electrophoresis of Carbohydrates written by Nicola Volpi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-26 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simple carbohydrates, complex oligosaccharides and polysaccharides all belong to a class of ubiquitous (macro)molecules that exhibit a wide range of biological functions, and the recent advent of enhanced enzymatic, chemical and analytical tools used to study these sugars has inaugurated a genuine explosion in the field of glycomics. Specifically, it has led to a deeper understanding of how specific sugar structures modulate cellular phenotypes, and that breakthrough has led to the discovery of new pharmaceuticals for the treatment of many serious diseases, such as cancer. The subsequent rapid expansion of this research holds high promise for future therapeutic regimens, and capillary electrophoresis (CE) refers to the range of related separation techniques that are integral to this vital research. CE uses narrow-bore fused-silica capillaries to separate a complex array of large and small molecules, and Capillary Electrophoresis of Carbohydrates offers a comprehensive look at the latest breakthroughs and improvements in CE and CE techniques applied to monosaccharides up to complex oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It begins with an overview of the application of CE and CE- mass spectrometric in the analysis of simple carbohydrates without any previous derivatization step before discussing various detection techniques such as spectrophotometric detection, electrochemical detection and other less common techniques. It then covers in detail an array of related topics and numerous applications. It is an essential text for anyone exploring the myriad possibilities of this rapidly expanding field.
Download or read book Capillary Electrophoresis written by Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-25 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a selection of current capillary electrophoresis methods used to separate representative types of molecules and particles and in combination with different detection techniques. It includes practical details which are hard to find elsewhere. The volume is intended for beginners in the field and provides an overview of the technique and a starting point for the exploration of the defined literature on different application topics.
Download or read book Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis and Laser induced Fluorescence Detection to the Analysis of Trace Species written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Ph. D. Thesis describes several separation and detection schemes for the analysis of small volume and amount of samples, such as intracellular components and single enzymes developed during research. Indirect Laser-induced fluorescence detection and capillary electrophoresis were used to quantify lactate and pyruvate in single red blood cells. The assay of specific enzyme activities was achieved by monitoring the highly fluorescent enzymatic reaction product, NADH. LDH activity was found not to be a unique marker for diagnosis of leukemia. Reactions of single LDH-1 molecules were investigated by monitoring the reaction product with LIF detection.
Download or read book Flow gated Capillary Electrophoresis for Rapid Analysis of Biological Samples written by Qiyang Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and related technologies have been utilized with great success for a variety of bioanalytical applications. CE has the advantages of decreased analysis time, integrated sample processing, high portability, high throughput, and minimal reagent consumption. Micro fabricated fluidic devices have also gained considerable interests due to its miniaturization and high level of integration. The goal of my research projects was to develop an integrated microfluidic system and technologies to perform in vitro and in vivo analysis of biological samples via electrophoretic separations. This dissertation focuses on the construction of flow-gated capillary electrophoresis systems and the development of related technologies coupled with laser induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIF) for rapid separation and sensitive detection of important components in biological samples. This dissertation first presents a custom-made PDMS-interconnected flow-gated CE system targeting on measurements of essential neurotransmitters. Experimental results show that this system was capable of performing long-term measurements with reproducibility, accuracy, sensitivity and robustness. Then, a novel and simple on-line sample preconcentration method was developed exclusively for enriching fluorescent derivatives of catecholamines, including dopamine and norepinephrine. The detection enhancement of over 100 folds was obtained and the limits of detection were lowered to the pico-molar range. Finally, a rapid and sensitive method was developed for the determination of cyanide ions in human urine, which is suitable for real-world applications, such as early diagnosis of cyanide exposure.
Download or read book Detection Advances for Analysis of Biological Microenvironments Using Capillary Electrophoresis written by Jason Ben Shear and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis and Laser induced Fluorescence Detection to the Analysis of Trace Species written by Qifeng Xue and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Capillary Gel Electrophoresis written by Andras Guttman and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2021-12-04 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capillary Gel Electrophoresis and Related Microseparation Techniques covers all theoretical and practical aspects of capillary gel electrophoresis. It also provides an excellent overview of the key application areas of nucleic acid, protein and complex carbohydrate analysis, affinity-based methodologies, micropreparative aspects and related microseparation methods. It not only gives readers a better understanding of how to utilize this technology, but also provides insights into how to determine which method will provide the best technical solutions to particular problems. This book can also serve as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate courses in analytical chemistry, analytical biochemistry, molecular biology and biotechnology courses. Covers all theoretical and practical aspects of capillary gel electrophoresis Excellent overview of the key applications of nucleic acid, protein and complex carbohydrate analysis, affinity-based methodologies, micropreparative aspects and related microseparation methods Teaches readers how to use the technology and select methods that are ideal for fundamental problems Can serve as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate courses in analytical chemistry, analytical biochemistry, molecular biology and biotechnology courses
Download or read book Capillary Electrophoresis with Post column Laser induced Fluorescence Detection of Proteins written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capillary electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIF) is one of the alternative methods being developed for fast and sensitive assays of proteins and peptides. This report summarizes CE-LIF instrument development, efforts at labelling proteins, tests conducted to prove the applicability of CE-LIF to the analysis of samples, and results of a comparison of CE-LIF with some other techniques. Appendices include an instrument operating procedure and a paper that summarizes the experimental details of the protein labelling procedure and a CE-LIF technique for sub-nanomolar assay of proteins.
Download or read book Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser induced Fluorescence Detection for the Determination of Amino Acid Neurotransmitters in Cerebrospinal Fluid written by Murali Seenappa and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of Large Biomolecules by Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser induced Fluorescence Detection written by Pertti Juha Viskari and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Single Cell Analysis by Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser induced Native Fluorescence Detection written by Sheri Joanne Lillard and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Investigation on Capillary Electrophoresis Based Immunoassay with Laser Induced Fluorescence Detection written by Jianping Ou and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applications of Laser Induced Fluorescence Detection in Biomedical Analysis written by John Emerson Kuo and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
