Download or read book Calculating Machines and Computers written by Geoffrey Tweedale and published by Shire Publications. This book was released on 1990-01-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The invention of the computer was one of the great intellectual achievements of the twentieth century, yet its origins lie far back in antiquity. With reference to surviving artefacts, this book explores the historical development of computing, from the earliest times to the invention of the modern digital electronic computer after the Second World War. It describes man's earliest attempts to devise calculating machinery, such as the abacus; discusses the work and machines of the great pioneers, such as Charles Babbage; shows how calculating machines evolved for office and scientific use in the early twentieth century; and explores the origins of the revolution in computing in the modern era. The many illustrations, which depict the full range of computing machines from hand calculators, through punched-card office machinery, to the 'supercomputer', show the extraordinary inventiveness of people in building machinery that counts.
Download or read book The Energetics of Computing in Life and Machines written by Chris Kempes and published by Seminar. This book was released on 2018-09 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do computers use so much energy? What are the fundamental physical laws governing the relationship between the precise computation run by a system, whether artificial or natural, and how much energy that computation requires? This volume integrates concepts from diverse fields, cultivating a modern, nonequilibrium thermodynamics of computation.
Download or read book The Calculating Machines Die Rechenmaschinen written by Ernst Martin and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1992 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is about mechanical desktop calculators prior to World War II.
Download or read book Abstract Computing Machines written by Werner Kluge and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-02-18 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book emphasizes the design of full-fledged, fully normalizing lambda calculus machinery, as opposed to the just weakly normalizing machines.
Download or read book Smarter Than Their Machines written by John Cullinane and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2014-11-01 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smarter Than Their Machines: Oral Histories of the Pioneers of Interactive Computing is based on oral histories archived at the Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota. Included are the oral histories of some key pioneers of the computer industry selected by John that led to interactive computing, such as Richard Bloch, Gene Amdahl, Herbert W. Robinson, Sam Wyly, J.C.R. Licklider, Ivan Sutherland, Larry Roberts, Robert Kahn, Marvin Minsky, Michael Dertouzos, and Joseph Traub, as well as his own. John has woven them together via introductions that is, in essence, a personal walk down the computer industry road. John had the unique advantage of having been part of, or witness to, much of the history contained in these oral histories beginning as a co-op student at Arthur D. Little, Inc., in the 1950’s. Eventually, he would become a pioneer in his own right by creating the computer industry's first successful software products company (Cullinane Corporation). However, an added benefit of reading these oral histories is that they contain important messages for our leaders of today, at all levels, including that government, industry, and academia can accomplish great things when working together in an effective way. This is how the computer industry was created, which then led to the Internet, both totally unanticipated just 75 years ago.
Download or read book Reckoning with Matter written by Matthew L. Jones and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2016-11-29 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Blaise Pascal in the 1600s to Charles Babbage in the first half of the nineteenth century, inventors struggled to create the first calculating machines. All failed—but that does not mean we cannot learn from the trail of ideas, correspondence, machines, and arguments they left behind. In Reckoning with Matter, Matthew L. Jones draws on the remarkably extensive and well-preserved records of the quest to explore the concrete processes involved in imagining, elaborating, testing, and building calculating machines. He explores the writings of philosophers, engineers, and craftspeople, showing how they thought about technical novelty, their distinctive areas of expertise, and ways they could coordinate their efforts. In doing so, Jones argues that the conceptions of creativity and making they exhibited are often more incisive—and more honest—than those that dominate our current legal, political, and aesthetic culture.
Download or read book Origin of Modern Calculating Machines written by J. A. V. Turck and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Computing Before Computers written by William Aspray and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1990 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Babbage s Calculating Engines written by Henry Prevost Babbage and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Calculating Machines Calculating Devices Computers and Their Inventors written by Norman Edward Wright and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Principles and Development of the Calculator and Other Seminal Writings written by Charles Babbage and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2013-10-17 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charles Babbage (1792–1871) articulated the principles behind modern computing machines. This compilation of his writings, plus those of several of his contemporaries, illuminates the early history of the calculator.
Download or read book Calculating Machines written by Douglas Rayner Hartree and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1984 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these lectures, Hartree provided the first comprehensive survey of the significant developments in computation that were going on at the time.
Download or read book Computations and Computing Devices in Mathematics Education Before the Advent of Electronic Calculators written by Alexei Volkov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-11 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume traces back the history of interaction between the “computational” or “algorithmic” aspects of elementary mathematics and mathematics education throughout ages. More specifically, the examples of mathematical practices analyzed by the historians of mathematics and mathematics education who authored the chapters in the present collection show that the development (and, in some cases, decline) of counting devices and related computational practices needs to be considered within a particular context to which they arguably belonged, namely, the context of mathematics instruction; in their contributions the authors also explore the role that the instruments played in formation of didactical approaches in various mathematical traditions, stretching from Ancient Mesopotamia to the 20th century Europe and North America.
Download or read book When Computers Were Human written by David Alan Grier and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-01 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before Palm Pilots and iPods, PCs and laptops, the term "computer" referred to the people who did scientific calculations by hand. These workers were neither calculating geniuses nor idiot savants but knowledgeable people who, in other circumstances, might have become scientists in their own right. When Computers Were Human represents the first in-depth account of this little-known, 200-year epoch in the history of science and technology. Beginning with the story of his own grandmother, who was trained as a human computer, David Alan Grier provides a poignant introduction to the wider world of women and men who did the hard computational labor of science. His grandmother's casual remark, "I wish I'd used my calculus," hinted at a career deferred and an education forgotten, a secret life unappreciated; like many highly educated women of her generation, she studied to become a human computer because nothing else would offer her a place in the scientific world. The book begins with the return of Halley's comet in 1758 and the effort of three French astronomers to compute its orbit. It ends four cycles later, with a UNIVAC electronic computer projecting the 1986 orbit. In between, Grier tells us about the surveyors of the French Revolution, describes the calculating machines of Charles Babbage, and guides the reader through the Great Depression to marvel at the giant computing room of the Works Progress Administration. When Computers Were Human is the sad but lyrical story of workers who gladly did the hard labor of research calculation in the hope that they might be part of the scientific community. In the end, they were rewarded by a new electronic machine that took the place and the name of those who were, once, the computers.
Download or read book Calculating Instruments and Machines written by Douglas R. Hartree and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1950, this book was based on a short series of lectures given by the author at the University of Illinois in 1948. Aimed at the non-specialist, the chief aim of the text was to provide a general introduction to contemporary developments in the field of calculating instruments and machines. But there is some treatment of the historical side of the subject, with appreciation shown for the vision and foresight of key pioneers Charles Babbage and Lord Kelvin. This is a concise and informative volume that will be of value to anyone with an interest in the development and history of computation.
Download or read book Antique Office Machines written by Thomas A. Russo and published by Schiffer Book for Collectors w. This book was released on 2001 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore 600 years of caculating devices, from the abacus to the desk top computer, with valuable information for historians and collectors alike. With 500 color photographs, accurate captions, and a guide to current values, this will be an essential guide to collecting office machines.
Download or read book The Universal Machine written by Ian Watson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-05-17 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The computer unlike other inventions is universal; you can use a computer for many tasks: writing, composing music, designing buildings, creating movies, inhabiting virtual worlds, communicating... This popular science history isn't just about technology but introduces the pioneers: Babbage, Turing, Apple's Wozniak and Jobs, Bill Gates, Tim Berners-Lee, Mark Zuckerberg. This story is about people and the changes computers have caused. In the future ubiquitous computing, AI, quantum and molecular computing could even make us immortal. The computer has been a radical invention. In less than a single human life computers are transforming economies and societies like no human invention before.
