Download or read book Calcium Clean Steel written by T. Ototani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In contemporary materials technology, some areas are considered particularly exciting: the "new materials" like ceramics and amorphous metals, revolutionary procedures to fabricate or to analyze materials-in short: everything which is now commonly labelled "high tech". It should be kept in mind, however, that also in the foreseeable future basic materials such as steel, light alloys or concrete will constitute the solid backbone of engineering and building. Science and technology of these traditional materials is characterized by a dynamic evolution aiming at higher quality and reliability at lower production costs, and at continuous adaptation to advanced production technologies. Progress in this technical evolution is closely linked to the application of scientific fundamentals. This book by T. Ototani presents an excellent example for this important area of development. The process metallurgy of steel, being a complex sequence of reactions like reduction, decarburization, deoxidation, desulphurization, alloying, etc. , is to be regarded as a system of operations designed to produce a high quality steel with well defined properties in very large amounts with a maximum of technical and economic efficiency. The text, written by a well known Japanese expert, presents insight into the chemistry of the application of calcium for the production of clean steel, into the thermodynamic equilibria involved, the kinetics of dissolution and reaction, the formation, morphology and separation of inclusions, and the technological properties of the steels obtained by this method.
Download or read book Electroslag Remelting Towards Clean Steel written by Chengbin Shi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-22 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the results that the authors have achieved on the study of functional principle of electroslag remelting for production of high-quality clean steel. The dependence of oxygen, sulfur, and non-metallic inclusions on the processing parameters of electroslag remelting is assessed. The fundamentals and technologies of clean steel production by electroslag remelting have been applied in the round to discuss oxygen, sulfur, and non-metallic inclusions evolution and control. A general concluding remark and a perspective for future work are present. The book is likely to be of interest to university teachers, researchers, R&D engineers, and graduate students in material processing and pyrometallurgy who wish to explore innovative technologies that lead to more energy-efficient and environmentally sustainable clean steel production.
Download or read book Tundish Technology for Clean Steel Production written by Yogeshwar Sahai (Ph. D.) and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continuous casting of steel has become a widely used process and an important step in steel production. The worldwide share of continuously cast steel has increased significantly in the last 25 years or so. However, concurrent with this increase in production levels are stringent quality requirements that have become crucial in the face of progressively increasing machine throughputs and larger product dimensions. As a result, steel cleanliness and strict composition control are now the primary concern of steelmakers.The tundish is the last metallurgical vessel through which molten metal flows before solidifying in the continuous casting mold. During the transfer of metal through the tundish, molten steel interacts with refractories, slag, and the atmosphere. Thus, the proper design and operation of a tundish are important for delivering steel of strict composition and quality. This pioneering book is the first of its kind to cover all aspects of tundish technology, ranging from fundamental aspects and theory necessary for understanding the basic concepts of tundish operations to operational aspects of the tundish. Written by internationally recognized experts in continuous casting technology in general and tundish technology in particular, this book is sufficiently fundamental to serve as a graduate-level textbook on process metallurgy or as an important reference for metallurgical researchers; at the same time, it is comprehensive enough to contribute to the understanding of scientists and engineers engaged in research and development in the steel industry.
Download or read book Residual and Unspecified Elements in Steel written by Albert S. Melilli and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1989 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers of the Symposium on [title] Nov. 1987, Bal Harbor, Fla. detailing the state-of-the-art on residual and unspecified elements in steel from manufacture to end-use. Includes practical examples from industry of beneficial as well as detrimental effects on properties associated with residuals. Pro
Download or read book Clean Steel written by Metals Society and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in the Production and Use of Steel with Improved Internal Cleanliness written by John K. Mahaney and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1999 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the May 1998 symposium on steel, stainless steel, and related alloys. Emphasizing the effect on the products rather than manufacturing methods, seven papers show that the level of inclusion identification and control through processing improvements is greatly dependent upon the sector
Download or read book Materials Testing for the Metal Forming Industry written by Klaus Pöhlandt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is addressed to both research scientists at universities and technical institutes and to engineers in the metal forming industry. It is based upon the author's experience as head of the Materials Science Department of the In stitut fUr Umformtechnik at the University of Stuttgart. The book deals with materials testing for the special demands of the metal for ming industry. The general methods of materials testing, as far as they are not directly related to metal forming, are not considered in detail since many books are available on this subject. Emphasis is put on the determination of processing properties of metallic materials in metal forming, i. e. the forming behavior. This includes the evaluation of stress-strain curves by tensile, up setting or torsion tests as well as determining the limits of formability. Among these subjects, special emphasis has been laid upon recent developments in the field of compression and torsion testing. The transferability of test results is discussed. Some testing methods for the functional properties of workpieces in the final state after metal forming are described. Finally, methods of testing tool materials for bulk metal forming are treated. Testing methods for surface properties and tribological parameters have not been included. The emphasis is put on the deformation of the specimens. Prob lems related to the testing machines and measuring techniques as well as the use of computers are only considered in very few cases deemed necessary.
Download or read book Clean Steel 3 written by Institute of Metals and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Steels Metallurgy and Applications written by David Llewellyn and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-02-24 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: STEELS: Metallurgy and Applications provides a metallurgical understanding of commercial steel grades and the design, manufacturing and service requirements that govern their application. The properties of different steels are described, detailing the effect of composition, processing and heat treatment. Where appropriate an introduction is given to standard specifications and design codes provided on component manufacture and property requirements for successful service performance.The book deals with steel products in some depth, in four chapters covering wide strip, structural steels, engineering and stainless steel grades. At the begining of each chapter an overview is given which details important features of the grades and a historical perspective of their development. Also featured are up to date information on steel prices and specifications.David Llewellyn has over thirty years experience in the steel industry and is currently lecturing in the Materials Engineering Department at University College Swansea.'..the book unfolds into an easily readable and a valuable source of highly relevant and contemporary information on steels' - METALS AND MATERIALS'.. a high quality product from all points of view' - INSTITUTE OF METALS AND MATERIALS AUSTRALASIA features up to date information on steel prices and specifications.
Download or read book Clean Steels Technology written by Ramaswamy Viswanathan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clean steel is the result of a new technology, a metal with improved toughness, creep strength, ductility, and stress corrosion resistance. The 31 papers, from a November 1992 symposium in Chicago, discuss some aspects of making clean steel, but are mostly concerned with novel applications in power,
Download or read book Handbook on Rare Earth Metals and Alloys Properties Extraction Preparation and Applications written by NPCS Board of Consultants & Engineers and published by ASIA PACIFIC BUSINESS PRESS Inc.. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rare earths are essential constituents of more than 100 mineral species and present in many more through substitution. They have a marked geochemical affinity for calcium, titanium, niobium, zirconium, fluoride, phosphate and carbonate ions. Industrially important minerals, which are utilized at present for rare earths production, are essentially three, namely monazite, bastnasite and xenotime. In modern time techniques for exploration of rare earths and yttrium minerals include geologic identification of environments of deposition and surface as well as airborne reconnaissance with magnetometric and radiometric equipment. There are numerous applications of rare earths such as in glass making industry, cracking catalysts, electronic and optoelectronic devices, medical technology, nuclear technology, agriculture, plastic industry etc. Lot of metals and alloys called rare earth are lying in the earth which required to be processed. Some of the important elements extracted from rare earths are uranium, lithium, beryllium, selenium, platinum metals, tantalum, silicon, molybdenum, manganese, chromium, cadmium, titanium, tungsten, zirconium etc. There are different methods involved in production of metals and non metals from rare earths for example; separation, primary crushing, secondary crushing, wet grinding, dry grinding etc. The rare earths are silver, silverymwhite, or gray metals; they have a high luster, but tarnish readily in air, have high electrical conductivity. The rare earths share many common properties this makes them difficult to separate or even distinguish from each other. There are very small differences in solubility and complex formation between the rare earths. The rare earth metals naturally occur together in minerals. Rare earths are found with non metals, usually in the 3+ oxidation state. At present all the rare earth resources in India are in the form of placer monazite deposits, which also carry other industrially important minerals like ilmenite, rutile, zircon, sillimanite and garnet. Some of the fundamentals of the book are commercially important rare earth minerals, exploration for rare earth resources, rare earth resources of the world, some rare earth minerals and their approximate compositions, rare earths in cracking catalysts, rare earth based phosphors, interdependence of applications and production of rare earths, uranium alloys, conversion of ores to lithium chemicals, characterization and analysis of very pure silicon, derivation of molybdenum metal, electoplating and chromizing, electrolytic production of titanium, heat treatment of titanium alloys, tensile properties of alloys etc. The book covers occurrence of rare earth, resources of the world, production of lithium metals, compounds derived from the metals, chemical properties of beryllium, uses of selenium, derivation of molybdenum metals, ore concentration and treatment and many more. This is a unique book of its kind, which will be a great asset for scientists, researchers, technocrats and entrepreneurs. TAGS Applications of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, Beryllium, Best small and cottage scale industries, Boron, Business guidance for Rare earth metals and alloys processing, Business Plan for a Startup Business, Cadmium, Chromium, Extraction and Applications of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, Extraction of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, How to Start a Rare earth metals and alloys Business, How to Start a Rare earth metals and alloys extraction?, How to start a successful Rare earth metals and alloys extraction, How to start rare earth alloys Processing Industry in India, How to start rare earth metals Processing Industry in India, Industrial Uses of Rare Earths metals and alloys, Lithium, Magnesium Alloys with Rare-Earth Metal, Magnetic Properties of Rare‐Earth Metals and Alloys, Manganese, Molybdenum, Most Profitable Rare earth metals and alloys Processing Business Ideas, New small scale ideas in Rare earth metals and alloys processing industry, Platinum Metals, Preparation of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, Profitable small and cottage scale industries, Profitable Small Scale Rare earth metals and alloys extraction, Project for startups, Properties of Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, Rare Earth Alloys, Rare Earth Elements - Metals, Minerals, Mining, Uses, Rare earth elements (REE): industrial technology, Rare Earth Elements Applications, Rare earth elements properties, Rare earth elements separation process, Rare Earth elements, Rare earth extraction process, Rare Earth Industry, Rare earth metals and alloy extraction process, Rare earth metals and alloys Based Profitable Projects, Rare earth metals and alloys Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Rare earth metals and alloys extraction Business, Rare earth metals and alloys Processing Industry in India, Rare earth metals and alloys Processing Projects, Rare Earth Metals and Alloys, Rare earth metals India, Rare Earth Metals Production and Alloys with Properties, Rare earth metals uses, Rare Earth Metals, Rare Earth Resources, Rare minerals list, Selenium, Setting up and opening your Rare earth metals and alloys Business, Silicon, Small Scale Rare earth metals and alloys Processing Projects, Small scale Rare earth metals and alloys production line, Small Start-up Business Project, Start up India, Stand up India, Starting a Rare earth metals and alloys Processing Business, Start-up Business Plan for Rare earth metals and alloys processing, Startup ideas, Startup Project, Startup Project for Rare earth metals and alloys processing, Startup project plan, Tantalum, Titanium, Tungsten, Uranium, Uses of rare earth metals and alloys in metallurgy, Where are rare earth metals found?, Zirconium
Download or read book STEEL MAKING written by A. K. CHAKRABARTI and published by PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. This book was released on 2006-12-19 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Steel Making is designed to give students a strong grounding in the theory and state-of-the-art practice of production of steels. The book is primarily focused to meet the needs of undergraduate metallurgical students and candidates for associate membership examinations of professional bodies (AMIIM, AMIE). Besides, for all engineering professionals working in steel plants who need to understand the basic principles of steel making, the text provides a sound introduction to the subject. Beginning with a brief introduction to the historical perspective and current status of steel making together with the reasons for obsolescence of Bessemer converter and open hearth processes, the book moves on to : • elaborate the physicochemical principles involved in steel making • explain the operational principles and practices of the modern processes of primary steel making (LD converter, Q-BOP process, and electric furnace process) • provide a summary of the developments in secondary refining of steels • discuss principles and practices of ingot casting and continuous casting of steels • emphasize an increasing need to protect our environment and utilize waste energy • explain transport processes, simulation, and modelling relevant to the developments in steel technology. The book provides considerable information in an easily assimilable form and makes an ideal introduction to the complex subject of steel technology.
Download or read book Heat Exchanger Design Handbook written by Kuppan Thulukkanam and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-05-20 with total page 1245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference covers important aspects of heat exchangers (HEs): design and modes of operation and practical, large-scale applications in process, power, petroleum, transport, air conditioning, refrigeration, cryogenics, heat recovery, energy, and other industries. This second edition includes over 400 drawings, diagrams, tables, and equations, includes updated material throughout; coverage of the latest advances in HE design techniques; expanded and updated coverage of materials selection; and a look at the newest fabrication techniques.
Download or read book Metallurgy and Technology of Steel Castings written by Jan Głownia and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017-12-22 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metallurgy and Technology of Steel Castings is a comprehensive textbook for students and professional engineers in the field of foundry engineering and materials science. The topics covered in this book explain the association between the quality of liquid metal and the properties of the finished cast. Readers will learn about the thermodynamic conditions for addition and recovery of chemical elements (such as Cr, Ni and Mo) in steel, degasifying processes, the influence of alloying additives for manufacturing steel castings that operate in extreme temperatures, anti-corrosive steels and basic cast conditions for making the castings (pouring and heat treatment systems). Metallurgy and Technology of Steel Castings gives readers essential information about steel and steel cast manufacturing processes and equips them with the knowledge to overcome the challenges faced in the foundry environment.
Download or read book Applied Metallurgy and Corrosion Control written by Amiya Kumar Lahiri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-23 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a comprehensive resource on metals and materials selection for the petrochemical industrial sector. The petrochemical industry involves large scale investments, and to maintain profitability the plants are to be operated with minimum downtime and failure of equipment, which can also cause safety hazards. To achieve this objective proper selection of materials, corrosion control, and good engineering practices must be followed in both the design and the operation of plants. Engineers and professional of different disciplines involved in these activities are required to have some basic understanding of metallurgy and corrosion. This book is written with the objective of servings as a one-stop shop for these engineering professionals. The book first covers different metallic materials and their properties, metal forming processes, welding, and corrosion and corrosion control measures. This is followed by considerations in material selection and corrosion control in three major industrial sectors, oil & gas production, oil refinery, and fertilizers. The importance of pressure vessel codes as well as inspection and maintenance repair practices have also been highlighted. The book will be useful for technicians and entry level engineers in these industrial sectors. Additionally, the book may also be used as primary or secondary reading for graduate and professional coursework.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of the Alkaline Earth Compounds written by Richard C. Ropp and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 1201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of the Alkaline Earth Compounds is a compilation describing the physical and chemical properties of all of the alkaline earth compounds that have been elucidated to date in the scientific literature. These compounds are used in applications such as LEDs and electronic devices such as smart phones and tablet computers. Preparation methods for each compound are presented to show which techniques have been successful. Structures and phase diagrams are presented where applicable to aid in understanding the complexities of the topics discussed. With concise descriptions presenting the chemical, physical and electrical properties of any given compound, this subject matter will serve as an introduction to the field. This compendium is vital for students and scientific researchers in all fields of scientific endeavors, including non-chemists. 2013 Honorable Mention in Chemistry & Physics from the Association of American Publishers' PROSE Awards Presents a systematic coverage of all known alkaline earth inorganic compounds and their properties Provides a clear, consistent presentation based on groups facilitatating easy comparisons Includes the structure of all the compounds in high quality full-color graphics Summarizes all currently known properties of the transition metals compounds Lists the uses and applications of these compounds in electronics, energy, and catalysis
Download or read book Mineral Scale Formation and Inhibition written by Z. Amjad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents the proceedings of the symposium, "Mineral Scale Formation and Inhibition," held at the American Chemical Society Annual Meeting August 21 to 26, 1994, in Washington, D. C. The symposium, sponsored by the Division of Colloid and Surface Chemistry, was held in honor of Professor George H. Nancollas for his pioneering work in the field of crystal growth from solution. A total of 30 papers were presented by a wide spectrum of scientists. This book also includes papers that were not presented but were in the symposium program. The separation of a solid by crystallization is one of the oldest and perhaps the most frequently used operations in chemistry. Because of its widespread applicability, in recent years there has been considerable interest exhibited by academic and industrial scientists in understanding the mechanisms of crystallization of sparingly soluble salts. The salt systems of great interest in industrial water treatment area (i. e. , cooling and boiler) include carbon ates, sulfates, phosphates, and phosphonates of alkaline earth metals. Although not as common as calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate, barium and strontium sulfates have long plagued oil field and gas production operations. The build-up of these sparingly soluble salts on equipment surfaces results in lower heat transfer efficiency, increased corrosion rates, increased pumping costs, etc. In the laundry application, insoluble calcium carbonate tends to accumulate on washed fabrics and washing equipment parts, resulting in undesirable fabric-encrustation or scaling.
