Download or read book Brittle Fracture and Plastic Yielding of Single Crystals written by Taira Suzuki and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Texture Analysis written by Olaf Engler and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-11-16 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of Introduction to Texture Analysis: Macrotexture, Microtexture, and Orientation Mapping broke new ground by collating seventy years worth of research in a convenient single-source format. Reflecting emerging methods and the evolution of the field, the second edition continues to provide comprehensive coverage of the concepts, pra
Download or read book Electron Backscatter Diffraction in Materials Science written by Adam J. Schwartz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystallographic texture or preferred orientation has long been known to strongly influence material properties. Historically, the means of obtaining such texture data has been though the use of x-ray or neutron diffraction for bulk texture measurements, or transmission electron microscopy or electron channeling for local crystallographic information. In recent years, we have seen the emergence of a new characterization technique for probing the microtexture of materials. This advance has come about primarily through the automated indexing of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns. The first commercially available system was introduced in 1994, and since then of sales worldwide has been dramatic. This has accompanied widening the growth applicability in materials scienceproblems such as microtexture, phase identification, grain boundary character distribution, deformation microstructures, etc. and is evidence that this technique can, in some cases, replace more time-consuming transmission electron microscope (TEM) or x-ray diffraction investigations. The benefits lie in the fact that the spatial resolution on new field emission scanning electron microscopes (SEM) can approach 50 nm, but spatial extent can be as large a centimeter or greater with a computer controlled stage and montagingofthe images. Additional benefits include the relative ease and low costofattaching EBSD hardware to new or existing SEMs. Electron backscatter diffraction is also known as backscatter Kikuchi diffraction (BKD), or electron backscatter pattern technique (EBSP). Commercial names for the automation include Orientation Imaging Microscopy (OIMTM) and Automated Crystal Orientation Mapping (ACOM).
Download or read book Investigation of the Relationship of Twinning to Brittle Fracture of Refractory Metals written by C. N. Reid and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first year's work on this program is reported. It is concluded that there is good evidence for brittle fracture induced by mechanical twinning in single crystals and polycrystalline Mo-C with grain sizes larger than 0.40 mm. However there is no evidence for such failures in Mo-C of grain size smaller than 0.25 mm, or in high-purity Cb. The effect of recrystallization texture on twinning is demonstrated, and the orientation dependence of twinning in Cb crystals is reported; a most unusual plastic instability is described in crystals of one orientation. It is shown that twinning in Mo-35Re occurs in bursts, which form in less than 2 mu sec; nucleation of twins occurs only at small strains but lateral growth takes place up to at least 12% strain.
Download or read book Fracture of Metals Polymers and Glasses written by L. Bonis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elucidation of the various mechanisms responsible for fracture in different materials was the general subject of the Fourth Annual Symposium on Fundamental Phenomena in the Materials Sciences held January 31 and February 1, 1966, in Boston and sponsored by the Ilikon Corporation of Natick, Massachusetts. In an analysis of the brittle-to-ductile transition in polycrystalline metals, T. L. Johnston (Ford Motor Company) placed major emphasis on factors related to the plastic resistance associated with grain boundaries and the effects of plastic anisotropy. Utilizing a generalized form of the Griffith criterion, he said it can be readily shown that several individual factors may be made reasonably quantitative and that the nature of plastic response can be predicted. Specifically, it can be shown that a critical factor relates to the length of a plastic shear zone which is constrained by an elastically loaded matrix. As this length increases, the Griffith inequality is satisfied and brittle failure occurs; however, the use of decreased grain sizes or the refine ment of dislocation or twin distribution can further tend to "homoge nize" the plastic flow and to decrease the magnitude of the shear zone. Of considerable importance in the consideration of plastic resistance is the availability of favorably oriented slip systems in aa un sheared crystallite.
Download or read book Plastic deformation in the neck of alpha fe single crystals leading to fracture written by Richard Neal Gardner and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Single crystal iron whiskers have been grown by the reduction of ferrous halides by hydrogen. These crystals have been strained to fracture at various elongation rates at room temperature. Based on stress-strain data, observations of the glide geometry by scanning electron microscopy, and by the x-ray precession method, various deformation modes have been characterized. We observe that the geometry of the reduction in area is a predictable property of a particular orientation. The hardening rates as well as the reduction in area is found to be dependent upon the number of active slip systems. This, in combination with the results of the precession method provide us with a complete description of the deformation history of these crystals preceding fracture.
Download or read book Physical Aspects of Fracture written by Elisabeth Bouchaud and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main scope of this Cargese NATO Advanced Study Institute (June 5-17 2000) was to bring together a number of international experts, covering a large spectrum of the various Physical Aspects of Fracture. As a matter of fact, lecturers as well as participants were coming from various scientific communities: mechanics, physics, materials science, with the common objective of progressing towards a multi-scale description of fracture. This volume includes papers on most materials of practical interest: from concrete to ceramics through metallic alloys, glasses, polymers and composite materials. The classical fields of damage and fracture mechanisms are addressed (critical and sub-critical quasi-static crack propagation, stress corrosion, fatigue, fatigue-corrosion . . . . as well as dynamic fracture). Brittle and ductile fractures are considered and a balance has been carefully kept between experiments, simulations and theoretical models, and between the contributions of the various communities. New topics in damage and fracture mechanics - the effect of disorder and statistical aspects, dynamic fracture, friction and fracture of interfaces - were also explored. This large overview on the Physical Aspects of Fracture shows that the old barriers built between the different scales will soon "fracture". It is no more unrealistic to imagine that a crack initiated through a molecular dynamics description could be propagated at the grain level thanks to dislocation dynamics included in a crystal plasticity model, itself implemented in a finite element code. Linking what happens at the atomic scale to fracture of structures as large as a dam is the new emerging challenge.
Download or read book Fracture Behaviour of Polymers written by A.J. Kinloch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over recent years there has been a tremendous upsurge in interest in the fracture behaviour of polymers. One reason for this is the increas ing use of polymers in structural engineering applications, since in such circumstances it is essential to have as complete an understanding as possible of the polymer's fracture behaviour. This book is designed to meet the requirements of those who need to be informed of the latest developments in the field of polymer fracture. It is written particularly for research workers but it should also prove invaluable for advanced students taking final-year undergraduate or postgraduate courses. The main emphasis is upon the use of fracture mechanics in the study of polymer fracture but this approach is then developed to cover the micromechanisms of the fracture process. Particular prominence is given to the relationship between structure, mechanical properties and the mechanics and mechanisms of fracture. The first chapter is a brief introduction which has several aims. One is to introduce polymers to the reader who does not have a strong background in the subject and another is to provide background material that will be used at later stages. The book is then split into two main parts: the first deals with the mechanics and mechanisms whilst the second is concerned with materials. In Part I phenomena such as molecular fracture, fracture mechanics, shear yielding and crazing are covered from a general viewpoint.
Download or read book Deformation and Fracture of High Polymers written by H. Kausch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Comparison of the Brittle Behavior of Metallic and Nonmetallic Materials written by George T. Hahn and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Symposium on the Plastic Deformation of Crystalline Solids written by Mellon Institute of Industrial Research and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Plastic Deformation of Ceramic oxide Single Crystals written by J. B. Wachtman and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plastic Deformation of Body centered Cubic Metals Volume Ii Fracture of Tungsten written by Derek Hull and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive investigation has been made of the deformation modes and fracture mechanisms in tungsten. It has been shown that high purity single crystals of tungsten are not inherently brittle but are extremely notch sensitive. Tests on pre-cracked crystals indicate that crack propagation can occur by different mechanisms depending on the testing temperature. At low temperatures where crack propagation occurs in a completely brittle manner, the fracture stress obeys a Griffith type criterion. At higher temperatures the crack extends by a slow mode of growth due to the concentration of strain energy in front of the crack tip. Prestraining at high temperatures effectively blunts the crack and increases the low temperature brittle fracture stress. The characteristic markings on the cleavage faces depend primarily on the stress level at fracture and are essentially independent of initial dislocation density and sharpenss of the microcrack. Tests on polycrystalline tungsten indicate that at temperatures below about 350 K fracture is completely brittle. At temperatures from 350 K to about 460 K the specimens yield prior to fracture but the strain to fracture is low after a region of high work hardening. At temperatures above 460 K, grain boundary parting on the specimen surface occurs immediately after yielding, resulting in increased strain to fracture. Fracture over the whole temperature range occurs predominantly by cleavage with some inter-granular separation. The amount of intergranular fracture increases slightly with temperature. Crack propagation in pre-cracked polycrystalline specimens shows similar temperature dependence to the single crystals. (Author).
Download or read book Fracture of Nonmetals and Composites written by H. Liebowitz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 1067 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fracture: An Advanced Treatise, Volume VII: Fracture of Nonmetals and Composites examines the fracture of nonmetals and composites. The text of this treatise has been designed so that the reader may acquire pertinent information by self-study. Most chapters have been written in detail and, insofar as possible, have been made to fill a significant gap by also providing, when appropriate, the details of complicated and involved mathematical derivations in appendixes. Whenever possible, only a level of college calculus on the part of the reader has been assumed. Numerical examples showing the engineering applications have been included; also, photographs and drawings have been greatly utilized. The book opens with a review of the fracture behavior of glass. This is followed by separate chapters on the fracture of polymeric glasses; mechanics of the fracture process in rock, with emphasis on the engineering viewpoint; the fracture behavior of simple, single-phase ceramics; and empirical information about, and our level of understanding of, fracture in polycrystalline ceramics. Subsequent chapters deal with the fracture of elastomers; molecular mechanical aspects of the isothermal rupture of elastomers; failure mechanics of fibrous composites; fracture mechanics of composites; fracture and healing of compact bones; and fracture of two-phase alloys; and fracture of lake ice and sea ice.
Download or read book A Study of the Plastic Deformation of Single Crystals of Sodium Chloride written by Hawthorne Antoine Davis and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Brittle Fracture of Steel written by William Derrick Biggs and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modern Ceramic Engineering written by David Richerson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-11-04 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ceramic materials have proven increasingly important in industry and in the fields of electronics, communications, optics, transportation, medicine, energy conversion and pollution control, aerospace, construction, and recreation. Professionals in these fields often require an improved understanding of the specific ceramics materials they are using. Modern Ceramic Engineering, Third Edition helps provide this by introducing the interrelationships between the structure, properties, processing, design concepts, and applications of advanced ceramics. This student-friendly textbook effectively links fundamentals and fabrication requirements to a wide range of interesting engineering application examples. A follow-up to our best-selling second edition, the new edition now includes the latest and most important technological advances in the field. The author emphasizes how ceramics differ from metals and organics and encourages the application of this knowledge for optimal materials selection and design. New topics discuss the definition of ceramics, the combinations of properties fulfilled by ceramics, the evolution of ceramics applications, and their importance in modern civilization. A new chapter provides a well-illustrated review of the latest applications using ceramics and discusses the design requirements that the ceramics must satisfy for each application. The book also updates its chapter on ceramic matrix composites and adds a new section on statistical process control to the chapter on quality assurance. Modern Ceramic Engineering, Third Edition offers a complete and authoritative introduction and reference to the definition, history, structure, processing, and design of ceramics for students and engineers using ceramics in a wide array of industries.
