Download or read book Britain s Nuclear Deterrent Force and the U S U K Special Relationship written by Emily S Merritt Usn and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-09-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Britain established in 1940 the first national nuclear weapons program in the world, and this gave Britain credibility in articipating in the U.S.-led Manhattan Project during World War II. Despite the interruption in U.S.-U.K. nuclear cooperation in 1946-1958 owing to the McMahon Act, since 1958 the United States and the United Kingdom have worked closely in the nuclear domain. Indeed, since the 1962 Nassau Summit, the United States has sold submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs) and support systems to the United Kingdom. In 1980 and 1982, London chose to modernize its nuclear deterrent with Trident SLBMs. The British made a similar decision in 2006, and it may be reconfirmed in 2016 with legislation to construct a new fleet of Trident nuclear ballistic missile submarines. Britain has been motivated to remain a nuclear weapons state in order to protect its own national security interests and to contribute to the security of its NATO allies in an unpredictable international security environment.
Download or read book Britain s Nuclear Deterrent Force and the U S U K Special Relationship written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-21 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Britain established in 1940 the first national nuclear weapons program in the world, and this gave Britain credibility in participating in the U.S.-led Manhattan Project during World War II. Despite the interruption in U.S.-U.K. nuclear cooperation in 1946-1958 owing to the McMahon Act, since 1958 the United States and the United Kingdom have worked closely in the nuclear domain. Indeed, since the 1962 Nassau Summit, the United States has sold submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs) and support systems to the United Kingdom. In 1980 and 1982, London chose to modernize its nuclear deterrent with Trident SLBMs. The British made a similar decision in 2006, and it may be reconfirmed in 2016 with legislation to construct a new fleet of Trident nuclear ballistic missile submarines. Britain has been motivated to remain a nuclear weapons state in order to protect its own national security interests and to contribute to the security of its NATO allies in an unpredictable international security environment. CHAPTER I - BRITAIN'S NUCLEAR DETERRENT FORCE AND THE U.S.-U.K. SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP * A. MAJOR RESEARCH QUESTION * B. IMPORTANCE * C. PROBLEMS AND HYPOTHESES * D. LITERATURE REVIEW * E. METHODS AND SOURCES * F. THESIS OVERVIEW * CHAPTER II - BRITAIN AND THE ATOMIC BOMB: BECOMING A NUCLEAR POWER * CHAPTER III - PLATFORM WORTHY OF THE ULTIMATE WEAPON: BRITAIN'S JOURNEY TOWARD A CREDIBLE DETERRENT . * CHAPTER IV - MATURATION OF DETERRENCE POLICY: BRITAIN'S TRANSITION FROM POLARIS TO TRIDENT * CHAPTER V - INSURANCE: BRITAIN'S RATIONALE FOR NUCLEAR DETERRENCE IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
Download or read book U S UK Nuclear Cooperation After 50 Years written by Jenifer Mackby and published by CSIS. This book was released on 2008 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As Britain and the United States commemorate five decades of the special nuclear relationship embodied in the 1958 Mutual Defense Agreement (MDA), two leading research institutes--one on either side of the Atlantic--have collaborated to examine that history. The Center for Strategic and International Studies, in Washington, D.C., and the Royal Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House, London, enlisted senior officials, scientists, academics, and members of industry who have been involved in the implementation of the MDA over the years. The contributors were asked to recount how the U.S.-UK nuclear relationship flourished despite such obstacles as the halt in the scientific cooperation that had spurred the Manhattan Project; the Suez crisis; and sharp disagreements over scientific, political, and technical issues. They were also asked to look to the future of this unparalleled transatlantic relationship. Abstracts from 36 oral histories (taken with, among others, Des Browne, UK secretary of state for defence; James Schlesinger, former U.S. secretary of energy; and Harold Brown, former U.S. secretary of defense) add to the historical dimension of this work. The resulting collection of histories, analyses, and anecdotes provides valuable reading for an understanding of how the two nations were drawn together by a common threat during a turbulent era, as well as how they will face future challenges in a radically changed security environment. -- Amazon.com.
Download or read book Nuclear Diplomacy and the Special Relationship written by Ian Clark and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Diplomacy and the Special Relationship written by Ian Clark and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tells the full and inside story of Anglo-American nuclear relations from 1957 to 1962. Based on a detailed analysis of newly-declassified documents, this book examines such critical issues as British nuclear targeting of the Soviet Union and the cancellation of the Blue Streak missile.
Download or read book Nuclear Diplomacy and the Special Relationship written by Ian Clark and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1994 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The full inside story The full and fascinating inside story of Anglo-American nuclear relations from 1957 to 1962 is told for the first time in this book. This period saw the creation of a close and exclusive relationship of nuclear collaboration between Britain and the United States, with an agreement on atomicco-operation, the establishment of the facilities for US nuclear submarines in the UK, and the sale of US missiles, including Thor and Polaris for the British strategic submarine force. Revelations from formerly top secret documents Ian Clark's detailed analysis of newly declassified official documents reveals that, while special, the Anglo-American nuclear partnership was not without tension and rivalry. Prime Minister Harold Macmillan sought to combine interdependence--which reduced costs--with national policies on nuclearstrategy, NATO, nuclear co-operation with France, and nuclear testing; the result was conflict with US administrations. Dr Clark examines such critical issues as British nuclear targeting of the Soviet Union and co-ordination with US nuclear war plans, cancellation of the Blue Streak missile, the bargain over Skybolt and the Holy Loch base, the diplomacy of the Skybolt crisis in 1962, and British ambitions forPolaris. The frank revelations contained in the formerly top secret British and American documents from the period enable him to offer fundamentally new and sometimes controversial interpretations of events in this dramatic period.
Download or read book A Nuclear Weapons Free World written by Nick Ritchie and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-10-29 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: President Obama and the UK Labour and Coalition governments have all backed the renewed momentum for serious progress towards a world free of nuclear weapons, whilst the UK finds itself embarked on a controversial and expensive programme to renew its Trident nuclear weapons system. What does the UK process tell about the prospects for disarmament?
Download or read book Physics and Metaphysics of Deterrence the British Approach written by Myron Greenberg and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-08-08 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal findings of this study are that Great Britain's search for an independent nuclear deterrent was waged with a purposeful dedication that wedded highly effective statecraft and brilliant, innovative nuclear engineering to produce a strategic nuclear deterrent that remained under her sovereign control. Because Britain's efforts in this area were so often achieved in the face of United States' opposition, Britain's subsequent utilization of her deterrent capability as an instrument to secure American support, notwithstanding that opposition, ought to be considered an example of successful policy management. The product of this effort has been the Anglo-American "special relationship" in nuclear weapons. The demonstrable success of British policy management to nurture and secure the special relationship in nuclear weapons is confirmed by its endurance in the face of American indifference, if not overt hostility, to its continuation. A major contention of this inquiry, therefore, is that the independent nature of Britain's strategic nuclear deterrent has been the primary prerequisite for the evolution of an interdependent, hence "special," relationship with the United States. This relationship will endure, for it must; the physics and metaphysics of strategic relationships in the thermonuclear age will secure this constancy. In the meantime, Britain will play a far greater role internationally than heretofore, just as the special relationship binds her ever closer to the United States. And this, after all, has always been a principal objective of British policy.
Download or read book Cabinets and the Bomb written by Peter Hennessy and published by . This book was released on 2007-11 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Cabinets and the Bomb publishes declassified Cabinet and Cabinet Committee papers that reveal the private debates between prime ministers, senior ministers, civil servants, scientists and intelligence analysts as they made decisions about Britain's nuclear weapons"--Back cover.
Download or read book Supreme Emergency written by Andrew Corbett and published by . This book was released on 2022-02-15 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Supreme emergency, an ex-Trident submarine captain considers the evolution of UK nuclear deterrence policy and the implications of a previously unacknowledged aversion to military strategies that threaten civilian casualties. Drawing on extensive archival research, the book provides a unique synthesis of the factors affecting British nuclear policy decision-making and draws parallels between government debates about reprisals for First World War zeppelin raids on London, the strategic bombing raids of the Second World War and the evolution of the UK nuclear deterrent. It concludes that among all the technical factors, an aversion to being seen to condone civilian casualties has inhibited government engagement with the public on deterrence strategy since 1915.
Download or read book The Future of the United Kingdom s Nuclear Deterrent written by Great Britain: Ministry of Defence and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2006-12-04 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this White Paper, the Government reaffirms its commitment to maintain Britain's independent nuclear capability by investing in a new generation of ballistic missile-carrying submarines and extending the life of the Trident D5 missile. However, in order to ensure the deterrent system is the minimum necessary to provide effective deterrence, there will be a further 20 per cent reduction in operationally available warheads. The Government believes this decision balances the interests of national security against its undertaking to work towards multilateral disarmament and to counter nuclear proliferation, and it is fully compatible with Britain's international legal obligations. The White Paper discusses the policy context and sets out the reasons why decisions on the future of the UK's nuclear deterrent system are needed now, as well as considering the various options and their costs, and the industrial aspects involved in building the new submarines in the UK.
Download or read book The Official History of the UK Strategic Nuclear Deterrent written by Matthew Jones and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-05-12 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume II of The Official History of the UK Strategic Nuclear Deterrent provides an authoritative and in-depth examination of the British Government’s strategy towards nuclear deterrent from 1964 to 1970. Written with full access to the UK documentary record, Volume II examines the nuclear policy of the Labour Government that took office in October 1964. Having decided to preserve the Polaris programme, ministers were nevertheless committed not to develop another generation of nuclear weapons beyond those in the pipeline, placing major questions over the long-term future of the nuclear programme and collaboration with the United States. This book will be of much interest to students of British politics, nuclear proliferation and international relations.
Download or read book The United Kingdom and Nuclear Deterrence written by Jeremy Stocker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In December 2003 the British government announced that within a few years it would need to take decisions about the future of Britain's strategic nuclear deterrent. Exactly three years later, its plans were revealed in a White Paper. The existing Trident system is to be given a life-extension, which includes building new submarines to carry the missiles, costing £15–20 billion. Britain has a substantial nuclear legacy, having owned nuclear weapons for over half a century. The strategic context for the deterrent has changed completely with the end of the Cold War, but nuclear weapons retain much of their salience. This Adelphi Paper argues that it makes sense to remain a nuclear power in an uncertain and nuclear-armed world. Given that deterrence needs are now less acute, but more complex than in the past, the paper asserts that deterrence also needs to be aligned with non-proliferation policies, which seek to reduce the scale of threats that need to be deterred. Somewhat overlooked in current policy are appropriate measures of defence, which can raise the nuclear threshold and, if required, mitigate the effects of deterrence failure. It concludes that the government's decisions about the future form of the deterrent are very sensible, but cautions that they still need to be integrated into a broader policy that embraces diplomacy, deterrence and defence to counter the risks posed by nuclear proliferation.
Download or read book Nuclear Rivals written by Septimus H. Paul and published by Ohio State University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capitalizing on the availability of physicists and chemists who had fled Hitler's Germany, U.S. and British scientists were able to repeat within a few weeks the test of nuclear fission first performed by two German chemists and strive toward cooperative development of the bomb during World War II. But the death of Roosevelt and Truman's succession in 1945, coupled with Churchill's loss of the prime ministership to Clement Attlee, marked a definite change in Anglo-American atomic policy.".
Download or read book Heath Nixon and the Rebirth of the Special Relationship written by Niklas H. Rossbach and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-11-19 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reveals that 1969-74 was a crucial period for the special relationship. The Heath Government attempted to reverse Britain's decline as a great power by forging an American-European special relationship out of the Anglo-American relationship. Simultaneously the Nixon Administration tried to recoup the global position of the United States.
Download or read book Britain America and the Special Relationship Since 1941 written by B. J. C McKercher and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-06-07 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the Anglo-American strategic and military relationship that developed during the Second World War and continued until recent years, starting with the origins of the ‘Special Relationship’ and its progression from uneasy coexistence in the eighteenth century to collaboration at the start of the Second World War. McKercher explores the continued evolution of this partnership during the conflicts that followed, concluding by looking at the developments in British and American politics during the past two decades. This is an essential introductory resource for students of the political history and foreign policies of Britain and the United States in the twentieth century.
Download or read book The British Way in Warfare Adaptability and Mobility written by and published by . This book was released on 1944 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
