Download or read book Race and Aesthetics in the anthropology of Petrus Camper 1722 1789 written by Miriam Claude Meijer and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the discovery of the anthropoid ape in Asia and in Africa, eighteenth-century Holland became the crossroads of Enlightenment debates about the human species. Material evidence about human diversity reached Petrus Camper, comparative anatomist in the Netherlands, who engaged, among many other interests, in menschkunde. Could only religious doctrine support the belief of human demarcation from animals? Camper resolved the challenges raised by overseas discoveries with his thesis of the facial angle, a theory which succeeding generations distorted and misused in order to justify slavery, racism, antisemitism, and genocide. Thanks to his abundant papers in Dutch archives, Camper's ideas are restored to their original state. Eighteenth-century issues differed from those of other centuries: Did orang-utans talk like humans, walk like humans; even rape humans? What was the skin pigmentation of Adam and Eve? Did the spectrum of human physiognomies around the globe reflect the Fall of Man, the Creator's bounty, or merely bizarre beauty practices? Why did the ideal beauty of the Greeks appear to be the reverse of the Hottentots? The book contains some 50 illustrations, including apes with hiking sticks or tea cups, metamorphoses of living forms, and Apollo or Venus icons which titillated the science of man.
Download or read book Petrus Camper in context written by Klaas van Berkel and published by Uitgeverij Verloren. This book was released on 2015 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘A meteor of spirit, science, talent and activity’ – thus Goethe described Petrus Camper (1722-1789). Goethe’s words contain all the elements that make Camper such a fascinating figure in the history of science and arts in the eighteenth-century Dutch Republic. This volume sheds new light on Camper’s versatility, engagement, and charisma in all fields and disciplines he ventured into and published on. It not only addresses his scientific activities, findings, and opinions, but also delves into his careers at the universities of Franeker, Amsterdam, and Groningen, his travels, relationships, friendships, and feuds, as well as the ways he communicated his wide-ranging research. Eleven case studies illustrate Camper’s views on eighteenth-century life and society, which motivated not just his scientific, but also his political, societal, literary, and artistic practice. Together they amount to a plea for an integration of all aspects of his scholarly life and persona.
Download or read book Bibliography of the History of Medicine written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Blacks in the Dutch World written by Allison Blakely and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blacks in the Dutch World examines the interaction between Black history and Dutch history to gain an understanding of the historical development of racial attitudes. Allison Blakely reveals cracks in the self-image and reputation of Dutch society as a haven for those escaping intolerance. Pervasive images of "the Moor" and "the noble savage" in Dutch art and popular culture; "Black Pete," servant to Santa Claus in Dutch Christmas tradition: these and many other cultural artifacts reflect the racial stereotyping of Blacks that existed in the Dutch world through slavery, servitude, and freedom. Blakely weighs the proposition that factors unique to the modern period have contributed to the creation of this racial imagery in Dutch folklore, art, literature, and religion. By viewing evolving images of Blacks against the backdrop of Western expansion, the agricultural, scientific, and industrial revolutions, and the advent of modern secular doctrines, Blakely discovers that humanism and liberalism, hallmarks of Dutch society since medieval times, have been imperfect against race bias. Blacks in the Dutch World confirms that the existence of color prejudice in a predominantly "white" society does not depend on the presence of racial conflict or even a significant "colored" population. The origins are related to the complex interaction of evolving social, cultural, and economic phenomena.
Download or read book Megalithic Research in the Netherlands 1547 1911 written by Jan Albert Bakker and published by Sidestone Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Introduction, a brief general review is given of the present knowledge and ideas about the Hunebed Builders, who lived some 5000 years ago during the Stone Age.
Download or read book A Classified Bibliography of the History of Dutch Medicine 1900 1974 written by G.A. Lindeboom and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I. In some periods of the past Netherlands medicine has played a major role in the evolution of European medicine; today its history still enjoys much in terest even at the other side of the Ocean. In this bibliography it has been my endeavour to compile references for all that has been written on the history of Dutch medicine in our country and elsewhere in our age. The main concern of this work is with the medicine of the Northern Nether lands. However, before the end ofthe sixteenth century the Northern and South ern Netherlands were not yet divided into two separate countries; they were still politically one and for the greater part spoke the same Flemish language. So be fore their separation the present-day Belgium and Netherlands also had a com mon medical history. Therefore many entries have been included which bear on early (and sometimes later) Flemish medicine, but it has not been the inten tion to strive for completeness in this respect.
Download or read book Body Criticism written by Barbara Maria Stafford and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1993-08-13 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this erudite and profusely illustrated history of perception, Barbara Stafford explores a remarkable set of body metaphors deriving from both aesthetic and medical practices that were developed during the enlightenment for making visible the unseeable aspects of the world. While she focuses on these metaphors as a reflection of the changing attitudes toward the human body during the period of birth of the modern world, she also presents a strong argument for our need to recognize the occurrence of a profound revolution—a radical shift from a textbased to a visually centered culture. Stafford agues, in fact, that modern societies need to develop innovative, nonlinguistic paradigms and to train a broad public in visual aptitude.
Download or read book Forces of Form written by Laurens de Rooy and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Established around the private collections of Gerardus Vrolik (1775–1859) and his son Willem (1801–63), the Vrolik Musuem in Amsterdam has since its founding in the nineteenth century been one of the most admired expositions of anatomy in all of Europe. Scientists and physicians from all over the world travel to gaze upon the five thousand specimens of human and animal anatomy, embryology, pathology, and congenital anomalies housed at the museum. Forces of Form brings this collection back into the limelight, exploring the museum’s rich history and displaying in color illustrations 150 of the museum’s most fascinating specimens.
Download or read book Italian Scientists in the Low Countries in the Xviith and Xviiith Centuries written by C.S. Maffioli and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-03-13 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Blackness in Western Europe written by Dienke Hondius and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the study of race relations in the United States continues to inspire and influence European thinking, Europeans have yet to confront their own history. To be black in Europe—whether during the sixteenth century or today—means sharing one crucial experience: being part of a small, but visible minority. European slave-owners, company directors, and investors in the distant past maintained an ocean-wide gap between themselves and the enslaved in the plantation colonies of the Caribbean. In the following centuries, this distance persisted. Even today, to be black in Europe often means to be one of a few black persons in a group. A racial pattern of exclusion has characterized European policy for more than four centuries. Dienke Hondius identifies ideas and attitudes toward "blackness," the concept of race as visible difference, developed in western Europe. She argues that racial discourses are generally dominated by paternalism—a concept usually used to explain power structures that is often applied to the nineteenth century. Hondius identifies five patterns of paternalism that influenced Europe much earlier and iniated trends of imagery and perception. Taking a chronological and thematic approach, Hondius first focuses on southern European societies in the Early Modern period and moves to northwest European societies in the Modern period. Addressing religion, law, and science, she concludes with a synthesis of developments from the twentieth century to the present.
Download or read book Medicine and Society in Early Modern Europe written by Mary Lindemann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-07 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise and accessible introduction to health and healing in Europe from 1500 to 1800.
Download or read book Crossing Boundaries written by Darlene Clark Hine and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays assembled in Crossing Boundaries reflect the international dimensions, commonalities, and discontinuities in the histories of diasporan communities of colour. People of African descent in the New World (the United States, Latin America, and the Caribbean) share a common set of experiences: domination and resistance, slavery and emancipation, the pursuit of freedom, and struggle against racism. No unitary explanation can capture the varied experiences of black people in diaspora. Knowledge of individual societies is illuminated by the study and comparison of other cultural histories. This volume, growing out of the Comparative History of Black People in Diaspora Symposium held at Michigan State University, elaborates the profound relationship between curriculum and pedagogy.Crossing Boundaries embraces the challenge to probe differences embedded in Black ethnicities and helps to discover and to weave into a new understanding the threads of experience, culture, and identity across diasporas. Contributors includ Thomas Holt, George Fredrickson, Jack P. Green, David Barry Gaspar, Earl Lewis, Elliott Skinner, Frederick Cooper, Allison Blakely, Kim Butler, and Rosalyn Terborg-Penn.
Download or read book Dental Practice in Europe at the End of the 18th Century written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-10-11 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is presented for the first time an overview of dental practice and the providers of dental treatment at the close of the eighteenth century in some of the major countries of western Europe and further afield. It draws on previously under-explored primary sources, rigorously referenced, and enables comparison of and contrast within the emergent specialty in rapidly-changing social and political environments. The overall picture challenges conventional wisdom and will be of interest to social as well as to dental and medical historians.
Download or read book Passion and Control Dutch Architectural Culture of the Eighteenth Century written by Freek Schmidt and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passion and Control explores Dutch architectural culture of the eighteenth century, revealing the central importance of architecture to society in this period and redefining long-established paradigms of early modern architectural history. Architecture was a passion for many of the men and women in this book; wealthy patrons, burgomasters, princes and scientists were all in turn infected with architectural mania. It was a passion shared with artists, architects and builders, and a vast cast of Dutch society who contributed to a complex web of architectural discourse and who influenced building practice. The author presents a rich tapestry of sources to reconstruct the cultural context and meaning of these buildings as they were perceived by contemporaries, including representations in texts, drawings and prints, and builds on recent research by cultural historians on consumerism, material culture and luxury, print culture and the public sphere, and the history of ideas and mentalities.
Download or read book The Breast E Book written by Kirby I. Bland and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2009-09-09 with total page 1605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Breast: Comprehensive Management of Benign and Malignant Diseases, 4th Edition, by Kirby I. Bland, MD, and Edward M. Copeland, III, MD, is a surgical reference that offers the most comprehensive, up-to-date resource on the diagnosis and management of, and rehabilitation following, surgery for benign and malignant diseases of the breast. With its multidisciplinary approach, sweeping updates, new contributors, and authoritative guidance, you’ll have exactly what you need to inspire patient confidence and provide the best possible outcomes. Features multidisciplinary advice from experts in surgery, radiation and medical oncology, pathology, molecular biology, pharmacokinetics, and genetics for a well-rounded perspective to enhance patient outcomes. Includes more than 1,500 figures and tables that offer high quality depictions of surgery and treatment procedures. Offers step-by-step guidance through both text and clinical boxes that makes the material relevant to everyday practice. Provides cross-referencing between chapters, as well as references to carefully selected journal articles, that makes further research easier. Uses a new full-color design to highlight key areas of the text and help you focus on important concepts. Presents updated coverage including an expanded section on pathology...and new chapters on granular cell tumors, targeted therapies, integration of radiotherapy and chemotherapy to keep you current. Includes revised chapters on the psychosocial consequences of breast cancer, lifestyle interventions for breast cancer patients, and patient and family resources that equip you to offer complete and compassionate care. Provides additional information on genetics to keep you up to date with the latest genetic discoveries linked to breast cancer and breast diseases. Features the work of many new contributors who provide the latest and freshest perspectives.
Download or read book The Sciences in Enlightened Europe written by William Clark and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1999-07 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radically reorienting our understanding of the Enlightenment, this book explores the complex relations between "englightened" values and the making of scientific knowledge. Here monsters and automata, barometers and botanical gardens, polite academics and boisterous clubs, plans for violent wars and for universal peace, are all relocated in the landscape of enlightened Europe. The contributors show how changing forms of discipline, machinery, and instrumentation affected the emergence of new kinds of knowledge; consider how institutions of public rate taste and conversation helped provide a common frame for the study of human and nonhuman natures; and explore the regional operations of scientific culture at the geographical fringes of Europe. Covering a wide range of scientific disciplines, both in the principal European countries and in areas peripheral to Europe, the book also includes ample illustrations and an extensive bibliography. Implicated in the rise of both fascism and liberal secularism, the moral and political values that shaped the Enlightenment remain controversial today. Through careful scrutiny of how these values influenced and were influenced by the concrete practices of its sciences, this book gives us an entirely new sense of the Enlightenment. -- from back cover.
Download or read book The Lancet written by and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 2294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
