Download or read book Bridge Load Rating Using Dynamic Response Collected Through Wireless Sensor Networks written by Amer Shamil Jaroo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes a method for load rating of prestressed box beam (PSBB) bridges based on their dynamic response collected using wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Although the percentage of deficient bridges in the United States has been declining slowly, a significant portion is still closed to traffic or posted with load restrictions. An accurate load rating of bridges is very expensive; therefore, new tools for quick, efficient and response-based load rating of bridges will save time and money. The hypothesis is based on the assumption that the health of a bridge is associated with its vibration signatures under vehicular loads. Two WSNs were deployed on a 25-year old PSBB bridge under trucks with variable loads and speeds for collecting real-time dynamic response at the current condition. Dynamic simulations of three dimensional finite element models of a bridge were performed to acquire its dynamic response under vehicular loads at its newest condition right after construction. The bridge model was validated by field testing and numerical analysis. Fast Fourier Transform and peak-picking algorithms were used to find maximum peak amplitudes and their corresponding frequencies. This information and the necessary bridge geometric parameters were used to calculate the in-service stiffness of the bridge in order to develop application software for load rating of bridges. The application software can instantly calculate the load rating of a PSBB bridge by collecting its real time dynamic response under vehicular loads using WSNs. The research outcome and the software will help reduce bridge maintenance costs and will increase public safety.

Download or read book Bridge Condition Assessment Using Dynamic Response Collected Through Wireless Sensor Networks written by Hiwa Fakhraddin Hamid and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a large inventory of deficient and aging bridges in the United States, this research focused on developing dynamic response based health monitoring system of prestressed box beam (PSBB) bridges that will provide more realistic and cost-efficient results. The hypothesis is based on the assumption that the dynamic response is a sensitive and important indicator of the physical integrity and condition of a structure. Two wireless sensor networks (WSNs) were deployed for the collection of real-time acceleration response of a 25-year old PSBB bridge under trucks with variable loads and speeds. The acceleration response of the bridge at its newest condition was collected from the dynamic simulations of its full-scale finite element (FE) models mimicking field conditions. The FE model was validated using experimental and theoretical methods. The acceleration data in time domain were transformed into frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform to determine peak amplitudes and their corresponding fundamental frequencies for the newest and the current condition of the bridge. The analyses and comparisons of the bridge dynamic response between the newest and the current bridge interestingly indicate a 37% reduction in its fundamental frequency over its 25 years of service life. This reduction has been correlated to the current condition rating of the bridge to develop application software for quick and efficient condition assessment of a PSBB bridge. The application software can instantly estimate overall bridge condition rating when used with the WSN deployed on a PSBB bridge under vehicular loads. The research outcome and the software is expected to provide a cost-effective solution for assessing the overall condition of a PSBB bridge, which helps to reduce maintenance costs and provide technologically improved bridge maintenance service.

Download or read book Bridge Condition Assessment and Load Rating Using Dynamic Response written by Anwarul Islam (Professor) and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes a method for the overall condition assessment and load rating of prestressed box beam (PSBB) bridges based on their dynamic response collected through wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Due to a large inventory of deficient and aging bridges in the United States, the health monitoring of bridges can be very expensive; therefore, new tools for quick, efficient and response-based condition assessment and load rating of bridges will be helpful. The hypothesis is based on the assumption that the health of a bridge is associated with its vibration signatures under vehicular loads. Two WSNs were deployed on a 25-year old PSBB bridge under trucks with variable loads and speeds, and its dynamic response was collected at the current condition. The acceleration response of the bridge at its newest condition was collected from dynamic simulations of its full-scale finite element analysis (FEA) models mimicking field conditions. The FEA bridge model was validated by the field testing and numerical analysis. The acceleration data in time domain were transformed into frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform to determine peak amplitudes and corresponding fundamental frequencies for the newest and current conditions. The analyses and comparisons of the bridge dynamic response between the newest and the current bridge interestingly indicate a 37% reduction in its fundamental frequency over 25 years of service life. This frequency reduction is linked to the reduction in condition rating of the current bridge. The analysis data, bridge structural dynamics and bridge geometric parameters have been used to calculate the in-service stiffness of the bridge to estimate its load bearing capacity. Using the results and algorithms from this research, application software is developed to instantly estimate the overall condition rating and load bearing capacity of a PSBB bridge under vehicular loads. The research outcome and the software will help in performing quick and cost-effective condition assessment and load rating of PSBB bridges, and may provide a better ability to plan replacements and develop load ratings.

Download or read book Diagnostic and Proof Load Tests on Bridges written by Fikret Necati Catbas and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book Energy Harvesting for Wireless Sensor Networks written by Olfa Kanoun and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wireless sensors and sensor networks (WSNs) are nowadays becoming increasingly important due to their decisive advantages. Different trends towards the Internet of Things (IoT), Industry 4.0 and 5G Networks address massive sensing and admit to have wireless sensors delivering measurement data directly to the Web in a reliable and easy manner. These sensors can only be supported, if sufficient energy efficiency and flexible solutions are developed for energy-aware wireless sensor nodes. In the last years, different possibilities for energy harvesting have been investigated showing a high level of maturity. This book gives therefore an overview on fundamentals and techniques for energy harvesting and energy transfer from different points of view. Different techniques and methods for energy transfer, management and energy saving on network level are reported together with selected interesting applications. The book is interesting for researchers, developers and students in the field of sensors, wireless sensors, WSNs, IoT and manifold application fields using related technologies. The book is organized in four major parts. The first part of the book introduces essential fundamentals and methods, while the second part focusses on vibration converters and hybridization. The third part is dedicated to wireless energy transfer, including both RF and inductive energy transfer. Finally, the fourth part of the book treats energy saving and management strategies. The main contents are: Essential fundamentals and methods of wireless sensors Energy harvesting from vibration Hybrid vibration energy converters Electromagnetic transducers Piezoelectric transducers Magneto-electric transducers Non-linear broadband converters Energy transfer via magnetic fields RF energy transfer Energy saving techniques Energy management strategies Energy management on network level Applications in agriculture Applications in structural health monitoring Application in power grids Prof. Dr. Olfa Kanoun is professor for measurement and sensor technology at Chemnitz university of technology. She is specialist in the field of sensors and sensor systems design.

Download or read book Modeling and Monitoring of the Dynamic Response of Railroad Bridges Using Wireless Smart Sensors written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Asset Management of Bridges written by Khaled M Mahmoud and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-08-10 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maintaining bridges in good condition has extended service life and proven to be more cost effective than allowing degradation to advance, necessitating costlier bridge rehabilitation or replacement projects. Preventive maintenance is therefore an important tool to retard deterioration and sustain the safe operation of bridges. This includes a continuous effort of periodic inspections, condition evaluations and prioritizing repairs accordingly. The above measures define the framework for asset management of bridges. On August 21-22, 2017, bridge engineering experts from around the world convened at the 9th New York City Bridge Conference to discuss issues of construction, design, inspection, monitoring, preservation and rehabilitation of bridge structures. This volume documents their contributions to the safe operation of bridge assets.

Download or read book Sensor Technologies for Civil Infrastructures written by Jerome P. Lynch and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2022-07-19 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensor Technologies for Civil Infrastructure, Volume 2: Applications in Structural Health Monitoring, Second Edition, provides an overview of sensor applications and a new section on future and emerging technologies. Part one is made up of case studies in assessing and monitoring specific structures such as bridges, towers, buildings, dams, tunnels, pipelines, and roads. The new edition also includes sensing solutions for assessing and monitoring of naval systems. Part two reviews emerging technologies for sensing and data analysis including diagnostic solutions for assessing and monitoring sensors, unmanned aerial systems, and UAV application in post-hazard event reconnaissance and site assessment. - Includes case studies in assessing structures such as bridges, buildings, super-tall towers, dams, tunnels, wind turbines, railroad tracks, nuclear power plants, offshore structures, naval systems, levees, and pipelines - Reviews future and emerging technologies and techniques including unmanned aerial systems, LIDAR, and ultrasonic and infrared sensing - Describes latest emerging techniques in data analysis such as diagnostic solutions for assessing and monitoring sensors and big data analysis

Download or read book Bridge Load Rating with Model Updating and Stochastic Analysis of Vehicle bridge Interaction written by Lina Ding and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Truncated abstract] Many load rating methods have been developed in recent years to evaluate the safety and serviceability of existing bridges. In general, the rating of a bridge is carried out by comparing the factored live load effects of nominated rating vehicles with the available bridge capacity. Therefore, accurate and practical approaches to calculate the live load on bridges resulting from moving vehicles and to estimate the bridge load carrying capacity are essential for bridge load rating. The research described in this thesis aims to develop a load rating procedure for accurately estimating the load carrying capacity of existing bridges. It involves three main parts of work. First, to obtain a reliable Finite Element (FE) model of the bridge under the current condition, FE model updating analysis is carried out to refine the bridge model based on the field measured vibration data. Second, detailed static nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (FEA) based on the updated FE model is carried out to determine the bridge load carrying capacity. In this part, the dynamic vehicle-bridge interaction is only approximately modelled by using the code specified Dynamic Amplification Factor (DAF) or Dynamic Load Coefficient (DLC). In the third part, to more precisely model dynamic vehicle-bridge interaction and predict the DAF, nonlinear stochastic dynamic response analysis of an equivalent hysteretic Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) system subjected to a non-stationary non-zero mean excitation are carried out. The equivalent SDOF system is derived from the actual bridge conditions. The advantages of these approaches are that they can model the actual current condition of a bridge by applying the model updating method and take into account the effects of road surface roughness, single or multiple vehicles-bridge interaction and material nonlinearity of prestressed or reinforced concrete. ... At last, based on the principle of equivalent dissipated energy, the resulting load-displacement relationship may be simplified as a bilinear hysteretic model which defines the stiffness of the equivalent SDOF system. The excitation force of the equivalent SDOF system is a non-stationary stochastic process with non-zero mean, which is caused by the vehicle weight and vehicle-bridge interaction. This thesis presents a novel approach to the evolutionary spectral analysis for the random response of a coupled vehicle-bridge system. The proposed method is capable of taking into account the random characteristics of vehicle-bridge interaction induced by road surface roughness and effect of multiple vehicles-bridge interaction. In addition, this method allows each vehicle to be modelled using a mass-spring-damper system with 4 Degrees Of Freedom (DOF). The resulting stochastic dynamic interaction force can be transformed to an excitation force of the equivalent SDOF system by applying the principle of virtual work. Once the mass, damping, stiffness and excitation force of the equivalent SDOF system are determined, the equation of motion of this SDOF system can be solved using the equivalent linearization method. The entire proposed rating procedure is applied to rating of a practical bridge located in the Shire of Roebourne in Western Australia. Also, parametric studies are conducted in this research to investigate the effects of the length ratio, vehicle to bridge frequency ratio, bridge damping ratio, vehicle to bridge mass ratio, vehicle speed, vehicle number and road surface condition on the DAF and DLC.

Download or read book Sensing Mechanism and Real time Computing for Reference free Railroad Bridge Displacement Monitoring written by Kun Zeng and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a commonly civil infrastructure in engineering, railroad bridges carry heavy and potentially dangerous loads over busy roadways and important waterways, which is not only offering convenience but also the stabilization itself having a huge effect on life and economy. With the aging of the material, continuously corrosion of bridge structure and the increasing volume of overloaded vehicles, the safety and serviceability of many bridges in the world will inevitably lose their carrying capacity or exceed fatigue limits. Dynamic displacement is one of the most important direct responses of a bridge under the external load (cars, trains, wind etc.), which can provide important information regarding structural conditions. Many theoretical approaches were proposed to calculate the structural displacement, and other responses such as deflection, strain and stress can be derived from the displacement measurement. Sensors and sensor networks are designed to record the dynamic response of a bridge under external load. In past few decades, considerable efforts have been made toward sensors for the measurement of bridge dynamic responses such as the maximum deflection. However, accurately measuring the reference free displacement of bridges in real-time is still a challenging process because of a lack of appropriate sensors in the consideration of the bridge characteristics and unique demands. To obtain an accurate reference-free bridge displacement measurement in real-time, a Smart-Computing algorithm based on data fusion technique is proposed. The Kalman filter is selected as the data fusion technique because of its high reliability and versatility. In addition, a smart sensor, advanced SmartRock, including not only multiple sensing units such as triaxle accelerometer and strain gauges but also a Micro Controlling Unit (MCU) which can execute the real-time built-in Smart Computing algorithm was manufactured. The developed SmartRock and the proposed algorithm were applied into a series of laboratory and filed tests. Both angular rotation measurements and strain measurements recorded by SmartRock were taken as the "observation measurement", a compensation value in the proposed Smart-Computing algorithm to study the most accurate displacement estimation. The results show that 1) fusion of acceleration and angular rotation can increase the accuracy of the bridge displacement measurement but still have little discrepancy and drift in long-term comparing with the real value. In addition, because of using simple empirical beam models in the part of transferring angular rotation to displacement as the "observation measurement" in Smart-Computing algorithm, the proposed displacement estimation algorithm can be only used in some simple structures like cantilever beam or simply supported beam structures. 2) Smart Computing algorithm with the modal transformation method is capable of estimation of the bridge displacement in real-time with the fusion of acceleration and strain measurements, and could improve the accuracy compared to using only one type of sensor method in long-term. 3) The advanced SmartRock is capable of recording real-time bridge movement and strain changes as well as sensing the data and conducting the real-time computing, thus can be used as a field monitoring tool to evaluate the performance of railroad bridges.

Download or read book Sensor Technologies for Civil Infrastructures Volume 1 written by Jerome P. Lynch and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-04-26 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensors are used for civil infrastructure performance assessment and health monitoring, and have evolved significantly through developments in materials and methodologies. Sensor Technologies for Civil Infrastructure Volume I provides an overview of sensor hardware and its use in data collection. The first chapters provide an introduction to sensing for structural performance assessment and health monitoring, and an overview of commonly used sensors and their data acquisition systems. Further chapters address different types of sensor including piezoelectric transducers, fiber optic sensors, acoustic emission sensors, and electromagnetic sensors, and the use of these sensors for assessing and monitoring civil infrastructures. Developments in technologies applied to civil infrastructure performance assessment are also discussed, including radar technology, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and nanotechnology. Sensor Technologies for Civil Infrastructure provides a standard reference for structural and civil engineers, electronics engineers, and academics with an interest in the field. - Describes sensing hardware and data collection, covering a variety of sensors - Examines fiber optic systems, acoustic emission, piezoelectric sensors, electromagnetic sensors, ultrasonic methods, and radar and millimeter wave technology - Covers strain gauges, micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), multifunctional materials and nanotechnology for sensing, and vision-based sensing and lasers

Download or read book European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring written by Piervincenzo Rizzo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-15 with total page 1129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of structural health monitoring (SHM) and more broadly in the fields of smart materials and intelligent systems, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the 10th European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring (EWSHM), held in Palermo, Italy on July 4-7, 2022. The volume covers highly diverse topics, including signal processing, smart sensors, autonomous systems, remote sensing and support, UAV platforms for SHM, Internet of Things, Industry 4.0, and SHM for civil structures and infrastructures. The contributions, which are published after a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.

Download or read book Dynamics of Civil Structures Volume 2 written by Shamim Pakzad and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-03 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamics of Civil Structures, Volume 2. Proceedings of the 34th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Dynamics of Multiphysical Systems: From Active Materials to Vibroacoustics, 2016, the second volume of ten from the Conference brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. Th e collection presents early fi ndings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of Structural Dynamics, including papers on: • Modal Parameter Identifi cation • Dynamic Testing of Civil Structures • Human Induced Vibrations of Civil Structures • Model Updating • Operational Modal Analysis • Damage Detection • Bridge Dynamics • Experimental Techniques for Civil Structures • Hybrid testing • Vibration Control of Civil Structures

Download or read book Proceedings of Data Analytics and Management written by Abhishek Swaroop and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-29 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes original unpublished contributions presented at the International Conference on Data Analytics and Management (ICDAM 2023), held at London Metropolitan University, London, UK, during June 2023. The book covers the topics in data analytics, data management, big data, computational intelligence, and communication networks. The book presents innovative work by leading academics, researchers, and experts from industry which is useful for young researchers and students. The book is divided into four volumes.

Download or read book Characterization of Reinforced Concrete Bridges Using Dynamic Response Measurements for Use in Load Capacity Estimation written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) is leading research efforts for the development of rapid bridge load-capacity assessment tools for the military, otherwise known as Military Load Classification (MLC). These tools may be used in the evaluation of the effects of heavy military-vehicles on civilian bridges and are based, in part, on field tests of concrete bridges. This field testing procedure is aimed at determining the MLC of a bridge by first estimating girder stiffness and considering load distribution effects associated with a test vehicle. This approach, while capable of providing the desired MLC estimate, does not provide an adequate measure of uncertainty or confidence in the estimate, since the field measurement may mask actual damage states in the bridge. Assessing the current condition of a bridge is a key component in the determination of its load-carrying capacity. As a result, tests in which the true condition of the bridge is determined can be useful in assessing the relative uncertainty or even the appropriate confidence level of the MLC estimate. This study describes field testing procedures using ambient, impact, and wave speed techniques on reinforced concrete bridges owned by the Virginia Department of Transportation. The ambient response measurements were used to determine fundamental characteristics including resonant frequencies and mode shapes, while the transient tests were designed to provide some measure of the relative condition that may exist between girders in the bridge. These measurements will supplement other measurements acquired using test vehicles and surveying techniques.

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence Computer and Software Engineering Advances written by Miguel Botto-Tobar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-20 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the XV Multidisciplinary International Congress on Science and Technology (CIT 2020), held in Quito, Ecuador, on 26–30 October 2020, proudly organized by Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE in collaboration with GDEON. CIT is an international event with a multidisciplinary approach that promotes the dissemination of advances in Science and Technology research through the presentation of keynote conferences. In CIT, theoretical, technical, or application works that are research products are presented to discuss and debate ideas, experiences, and challenges. Presenting high-quality, peer-reviewed papers, the book discusses the following topics: Artificial Intelligence Computational Modeling Data Communications Defense Engineering Innovation, Technology, and Society Managing Technology & Sustained Innovation, and Business Development Modern Vehicle Technology Security and Cryptography Software Engineering

Download or read book Structural Health Monitoring Based on Data Science Techniques written by Alexandre Cury and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-23 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern structural health monitoring (SHM) paradigm of transforming in situ, real-time data acquisition into actionable decisions regarding structural performance, health state, maintenance, or life cycle assessment has been accelerated by the rapid growth of “big data” availability and advanced data science. Such data availability coupled with a wide variety of machine learning and data analytics techniques have led to rapid advancement of how SHM is executed, enabling increased transformation from research to practice. This book intends to present a representative collection of such data science advancements used for SHM applications, providing an important contribution for civil engineers, researchers, and practitioners around the world.