Download or read book The Battle of Bretton Woods written by Benn Steil and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-24 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recounts the events of the Bretton Woods accords, presents portaits of the two men at the center of the drama, and reveals Harry White's admiration for Soviet economic planning and communications with intelligence officers.
Download or read book Bretton Woods Agreements written by Naomi Lamoreaux and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commentaries by top scholars alongside the most important documents and speeches concerning the Bretton Woods Conference of 1944 The two world wars brought an end to a long†‘standing system of international commerce based on the gold standard. After the First World War, the weaknesses in the gold standard contributed to hyperinflation, the Great Depression, the rise of fascism, and ultimately World War II. The Bretton Woods Conference of 1944 arose out of the Allies’ desire to design a postwar international economic system that would provide a basis for prosperity, trade, and worldwide economic development. Alongside important documents and speeches concerning the adoption and evolution of the Bretton Woods system, this volume includes lively, readable, original essays on such topics as why the gold standard was doomed, how Bretton Woods encouraged the adoption of Keynesian economics, how the agreements influenced late†‘twentieth†‘century ideas of international development, and why the agreements ultimately had to give way to other arrangements.
Download or read book The Bretton Woods Transcripts written by Kurt Schuler and published by . This book was released on 2013-01 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bretton Woods Transcripts is the verbatim record of meetings of the conference that established the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. The Bretton Woods conference, named after the New Hampshire town where the conference was held in July 1944, began a new era in international economic cooperation that continues today. Delegates from 44 countries attended the conference. They were a high-powered group: many would later become top officials of the IMF and World Bank, finance ministers, central bank governors, even presidents and prime ministers. Among them, the best known then and now was John Maynard Keynes, the most influential economist of the 20th century, who chaired the meetings that established the World Bank. The conference transcripts were never intended for publication, and give a rare word-for-word record of what participants at a major international gathering said behind closed doors. -- The Related material on the Publisher's website contain photographs of documents circulated at the 1944 conference, from daily news bulletins to the telephone directory at the Mount Washington Hotel. These documents were not published in the 1948 publication of the conference proceedings because they were considered to be of low interest.--Book Jacket.
Download or read book Do Old Habits Die Hard Central Banks and the Bretton Woods Gold Puzzle written by Eric Monnet and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-07-24 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why did monetary authorities hold large gold reserves under Bretton Woods (1944–1971) when only the US had to? We argue that gold holdings were driven by institutional memory and persistent habits of central bankers. Countries continued to back currency in circulation with gold reserves, following rules of the pre-WWII gold standard. The longer an institution spent in the gold standard (and the older the policymakers), the stronger the correlation between gold reserves and currency. Since dollars and gold were not perfect substitutes, the Bretton Woods system never worked as expected. Even after radical institutional change, history still shapes the decisions of policymakers.
Download or read book A Retrospective on the Bretton Woods System written by Michael D. Bordo and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the close of the Second World War, when industrialized nations faced serious trade and financial imbalances, delegates from forty-four countries met in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, in order to reconstruct the international monetary system. In this volume, three generations of scholars and policy makers, some of whom participated in the 1944 conference, consider how the Bretton Woods System contributed to unprecedented economic stability and rapid growth for 25 years and discuss the problems that plagued the system and led to its eventual collapse in 1971. The contributors explore adjustment, liquidity, and transmission under the System; the way it affected developing countries; and the role of the International Monetary Fund in maintaining a stable rate. The authors examine the reasons for the System's success and eventual collapse, compare it to subsequent monetary regimes, such as the European Monetary System, and address the possibility of a new fixed exchange rate for today's world.
Download or read book Just Before Bretton Woods written by Kurt Schuler and published by . This book was released on 2019-10-15 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bretton Woods, New Hampshire conference that established the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in 1944 was highly publicized then and remains well known today. The secretive Atlantic City, New Jersey conference that occurred immediately before Bretton Woods and laid the groundwork for it has never received much attention. The conference was notable for the presence of John Maynard Keynes, the most famous economist of the 20th century, as leader of the British delegation, and Harry Dexter White, later revealed to have passed secrets to the Soviet Union, as leader of the American delegation. Kurt Schuler and Gabrielle Canning have collected the conference minutes and related documents, and have added an introduction, annotations, and commentary to make them readily understandable.
Download or read book Atlantic Charter written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Monfort Plan written by Jaime Pozuelo-Monfort and published by John Wiley and Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 757 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Monfort Plan is a five-year, forward looking plan to eradicate extreme poverty from the developing world, and details how microfinance has made a difference to developing countries. This book proposes a new institution based in the developing world with the potential to provide a basic, free, and universal service in the areas of water, sanitation, healthcare, and education to the extreme poor worldwide. The provision will be subject to a certain degree of conditionality in areas ranging from corruption to legal environment. The new institution will be established in a new international territory based within a specific country in Subsaharan Africa and will emerge in 2015. In The Monfort Plan author Jaime Pozuelo-Monfort engineers and designs a solution to lessen the burden of poverty. In order to do so he relies on the social sciences to bring about innovation and forward looking economic policies and financial instruments in the context of a paradigm shift. This book presents a multidisciplinary approach to policymaking that combines a range of fields in the social sciences, looking at the history behind the Marshall Plan, the formation of the European Union, and the Bretton Woods Institutions, in order to determine how a Marshall Plan for Africa-and the creation of New Institutions in the developing world-could work. We live a moment of crisis in which creative policymaking might prove useful when proposing outcomes for a revitalized framework for capitalism to thrive and better serve the world. Walks you through the technicalities of the new architecture of capitalism in a straightforward manner Provides a holistic view of how microfinance combined with the right economic policies and financial instruments could help change the world for the poor Contains sweeping and detailed recommendations on how to build a new capitalist paradigm that helps elevate the poor and improve the human condition Incorporating commentary from some of the top minds in the field of microfinance, this book puts the method of microfinance in perspective.
Download or read book France and the Breakdown of the Bretton Woods International Monetary System written by Ms.Dominique Simard and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-10-01 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IMF Working Papers series is designed to make IMF staff research available to a wide audience. Almost 300 Working Papers are released each year, covering a wide range of theoretical and analytical topics, including balance of payments, monetary and fiscal issues, global liquidity, and national and international economic developments.
Download or read book From Bretton Woods to World Inflation written by Hazlitt and published by Ludwig von Mises Institute. This book was released on 2009 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Search for Solvency written by Alfred E. Eckes and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diverted by the dramatic military and political events of July 1944, few Americans realized the significance of an international conference taking place at Bretton Woods, a mountain resort in New Hampshire, far from the battle zones. There United Nations experts were completing plans for a world monetary and financial system that they hoped would create a prosperous, efficient global economy and avert economic tensions that might lead to another world war. Until the dollar crisis of 1971, decisions made at Bretton Woods provided the institutions and rules for international finance. The conference ushered in an era of unprecedented expansion of world trade and prosperity. Based on extensive research in previously unavailable sources, A Search for Solvency relates intriguing and often complicated issues of economic analysis and diplomatic history. It offers a succinct and comprehensive survey of international monetary development from the collapse of the pre–World War I gold standard to the devaluation of the dollar in 1971. In effect, it explains the origins of late twentieth-century global inflation and currency problems. The author details how the ghost of the Great Depression, the failure of monetary reconstruction efforts after World War I, and the memory of the nineteenth-century gold standard guided efforts to construct the Bretton Woods system. This preoccupation with the past, as well as political constraints, produced a monetary system protected against past dangers—fluctuating currencies, controls, and deflation—but dangerously vulnerable to inflationary pressures. The weaknesses of Bretton Woods, a system geared to an era in which economic power was concentrated in the United States, became visible in the 1960s and painfully apparent by the mid-1970s.
Download or read book Building Trust in the International Monetary System written by Giovanni Battista Pittaluga and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-15 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the evolution of the international monetary system from the gold standard to the monetary system in force today. It adopts a political economy approach, emphasizing the economic and political conditions under which an international monetary system can come into existence and be maintained over time. This approach highlights how the gradual transition in the international context from commodity money to fiat money has been led by the need for greater elasticity of money supply and smooth adjustments. This transition, however, raises the issue of how to guarantee, over time, the value of a money devoid of intrinsic value. By presenting a historical evolution, the book explains how the existence of an international monetary system based on money without intrinsic value can only occur when a particular balance of power exists at the international level that allows for the production of trust in a fiat money. The book is a must-read for scholars, researchers, and students in the fields of economic history and international monetary economics, interested in better understanding the evolution of the international monetary system.
Download or read book The Bretton Woods Debates written by Raymond Frech Mikesell and published by Internat Niversit. This book was released on 1994 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Global Currency Power of the US Dollar written by Anthony Elson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-15 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how the US dollar serves as the primary reserve currency for the international financial system and assesses its prospects for the future. The book provides an analysis of the main factors that have given rise to the global currency power of the dollar and the key benefits that have accrued to both the United States and other countries from this arrangement. It then considers the growing costs that can be associated with the dollar-centered reserve system and the prospects for the medium-term in terms of its potential threats to global financial stability. In the light of these considerations, the book examines three alternative currency arrangements that could address some or all of the defects associated with the global currency power of the dollar. These include a shift to a multi-reserve currency system, an enhancement of the IMF’s role as an international lender of last resort and provider of global “safe” assets, and the introduction of central bank digital currencies. "A cogent, persuasive and timely look at the dollar's power." Kirkus Reviews
Download or read book Orderly Change written by David M. Andrews and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bretton Woods Conference of 1944 resulted in the formation of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank and helped lay the foundation for an unprecedented expansion of international commerce. Yet six decades later, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, the central characteristics of the Bretton Woods system remain disputed—and the subject of continuing public policy debate. Relying on extensive access to IMF, World Bank, and other archives, the authors show that the history of international monetary relations since Bretton Woods is one of "orderly change"—that is, change within a sturdy but supple framework. Even during the years of fixed exchange rates, very different practices characterized international monetary relations immediately after World War II, during the 1950s, and during the 1960s. Later, when the fixed exchange-rate system collapsed, underlying commitments to trade liberalization in the context of continuing national economic policy autonomy survived and even flourished. However, the resulting international economic order is now in grave danger: the tension between states' autonomy and their mutual openness has become acute, as international monetary structures no longer appear capable of mediating between these objectives. David M. Andrews and the contributors to Orderly Change examine past transitions as a means of suggesting possible avenues for current and future policymaking.
Download or read book The Bretton Woods Agreement of July 22 1944 in the Courts written by Joseph Gold and published by . This book was released on 1974* with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Bretton Woods GATT System written by Orin Kirshner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-17 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection by founders and early leaders of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), presenting the current thinking on the past, present and future of the postwar system of international finance and trade.
