Download or read book Brain Connectivity in Autism written by Rajesh K. Kana and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-09-23 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain's ability to process information crucially relies on connectivity. Understanding how the brain processes complex information and how such abilities are disrupted in individuals with neuropsychological disorders will require an improved understanding of brain connectivity. Autism is an intriguingly complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multidimensional symptoms and cognitive characteristics. A biological origin for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) had been proposed even in the earliest published accounts (Kanner, 1943; Asperger, 1944). Despite decades of research, a focal neurobiological marker for autism has been elusive. Nevertheless, disruptions in interregional and functional and anatomical connectivity have been a hallmark of neural functioning in ASD. Theoretical accounts of connectivity perceive ASD as a cognitive and neurobiological disorder associated with altered functioning of integrative circuitry. Neuroimaging studies have reported disruptions in functional connectivity (synchronization of activated brain areas) during cognitive tasks and during task-free resting states. While these insights are valuable, they do not address the time-lagged causality and directionality of such correlations. Despite the general promise of the connectivity account of ASD, inconsistencies and methodological differences among studies call for more thorough investigations. A comprehensive neurological account of ASD should incorporate functional, effective, and anatomical connectivity measures and test the diagnostic utility of such measures. In addition, questions pertaining to how cognitive and behavioral intervention can target connection abnormalities in ASD should be addressed. This research topic of the Frontiers in Human Neuroscience addresses “Brain Connectivity in Autism” primarily from cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging perspectives.
Download or read book Comprehensive Guide to Autism written by Vinood B. Patel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-10-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism is a complex multifaceted disorder affecting neurodevelopment during the early years of life and, for many, throughout the life span. Inherent features include difficulties or deficits in communication, social interaction, cognition, and interpersonal behavioral coordination, to name just a few. Autism profoundly impacts the affected individual, the family, and, in many cases, the localized communities. The increased prevalence of childhood autism has resulted in rapid developments in a wide range of disciplines in recent years. Nevertheless, despite intensive research, the cause(s) remain unresolved and no single treatment strategy is employed. To address these issues, Comprehensive Guide to Autism is an all-embracing reference that offers analyses and discussions of contemporary issues in the field of autism. The work brings together scientific material from leading experts in the field relating to a wide range of important current topics, such as the early identification and treatment of children with autism, pertinent social and behavioral studies, recent developments in genetics and immunology, the influence of diet, models of autism, and future treatment prospects. Comprehensive Guide to Autism contains essential readings for behavioral science researchers, psychologists, physicians, social workers, parents, and caregivers.
Download or read book Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders written by Joseph I. Tracy and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume makes clear that the cognitive and behavioural symptoms of neurologic disorders and syndromes are dynamic and changing. Each chapter describes the neuroplastic processes at work in a particular condition, giving rise to these ongoing cognitive changes.
Download or read book Distributed Neural Systems written by William R. Uttal and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Autistic Brain written by Temple Grandin and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 2013 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weaving her own experience with remarkable new discoveries, Grandin introduces the neuroimaging advances and genetic research that link brain science to behavior, even sharing her own brain scans from numerous studies. Readers meet the scientists and self-advocates who are introducing innovative theories of what causes, how it is diagnosed, and how best to treat autism.
Download or read book Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders written by Gupta, Sanjeev Kumar and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodevelopmental disorders encompass a group of conditions that can typically manifest during early childhood. These include intellectual disabilities, communication disorders, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), specific learning disorder (SLD), and motor disorders. Early identification and assessment can be a valuable tool in determining diagnosis, prognosis, functional abilities, and formulating clinical intervention for both children and adults with neurodevelopmental disorders. Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders is an essential reference source that discusses and disseminates contributions covering recent trends in diagnosis, assessment, and intervention techniques. Featuring research on topics such as clinical linguistics, neural connectivity, and animal-assisted therapy, this book is ideally designed for speech pathologists, social workers, occupational therapists, psychologists, psychiatrists, neurologists, pediatricians, researchers, clinicians, and academicians seeking coverage on neural and developmental disorder identification and strategies for clinician support and therapies.
Download or read book The Neuroscience of Autism written by Rajesh K. Kana and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-05-27 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neuroscience of Autism provides a comprehensive accounting of autism spectrum disorders by integrating scientific findings from behavioral, cognitive and neurobiological research. The book begins by defining autism, identifying characteristics and prevalence, exploring its history, and then moving on to the cognitive and social bases of behavioral symptoms, the brain bases of behavioral and cognitive symptoms, and finally, intervention practices. It examines theoretical models such as weak central coherence, enhanced perceptual functioning, and the extreme male brain hypothesis. Finally, the book addresses the increased attention on the brain connectivity model of autism, looking at the synchronization of brain activity across different brain areas, the causal influence of a brain region on another, and white matter cable connections in the brain. Delves into the increasing prevalence of autism in the United States Focuses on screening tools for early identification Discusses the neuroanatomical differences seen in individuals with autism Examines the inferences gained from functional MRI studies of autism
Download or read book Autism Imaging and Devices written by Manuel F. Casanova and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-01-06 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers state-of-the-art medical image analysis approaches currently pursued in autism research. Chapters cover recent advances in diagnosis using structural neuroimaging. All aspects of imaging are included, such as electrophysiology (EEG, ERP, QEEG, and MEG), postmortem techniques, and advantages and difficulties of depositing/acquiring images in larger databases. The book incorporates 2D, 3D, and 4D imaging and advances scientific research within the broad field of autism imaging.
Download or read book WISC V Assessment and Interpretation written by Lawrence G. Weiss and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wechsler Intelligence Scale is the most widely used intelligence test for children worldwide. WISC-V introduces new subtests, composite scores, process scores, error scores, and scaled scores as a more complex and accurate means of assessing cognitive abilities. WISC-V Assessment and Interpretation provides practical information for clinicians on selection of subtest measures, administration, and interpretation. New subtests are described along with tips for accurate administration and scoring. Full Scale IQ is identified as important for predicting relevant behaviors, and primary index scores for characterizing the child’s strengths and weaknesses. Classroom indicators of low scores on each of these abilities are identified, with suggested interventions, accommodations, and instructional strategies for low scorers. Coverage includes ethnic differences for the Full Scale IQ and each primary index score, along with evidence of the profound influence of parental attitudes and expectations. Several other societal and contextual factors relevant to understanding racial/ethnic differences are presented. Two chapters review use of the WISC-V for identifying learning disabilities, testing of individuals with dyslexia, and best-practice recommendations to ensure accurate diagnosis and intervention. Concluding chapters describe advances in the Q-interactive system platform allowing administration of the WISC-V on iPads and other tablets and how clinicians can tailor assessment using select WISC-V subtests and features. Authored by the creators of the WISC-V Describes the new subtests, revised test structure, and test extensions Advises clinicians on test selection and custom tailoring of assessment measures Provides best practice recommendations for accurate administration and scoring Addresses electronic administration via tablets and comparison to print scores Reviews social/contextual factors for understanding racial/ethnic differences Translates scores to predict behaviors and identify child strengths and weaknesses Suggests interventions, accommodations, and instructional strategies for low scorers
Download or read book fMRI Neurofeedback written by Michelle Hampson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-10-09 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: fMRI Neurofeedback provides a perspective on how the field of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback has evolved, an introduction to state-of-the-art methods used for fMRI neurofeedback, a review of published neuroscientific and clinical applications, and a discussion of relevant ethical considerations. It gives a view of the ongoing research challenges throughout and provides guidance for researchers new to the field on the practical implementation and design of fMRI neurofeedback protocols. This book is designed to be accessible to all scientists and clinicians interested in conducting fMRI neurofeedback research, addressing the variety of different knowledge gaps that readers may have given their varied backgrounds and avoiding field-specific jargon. The book, therefore, will be suitable for engineers, computer scientists, neuroscientists, psychologists, and physicians working in fMRI neurofeedback. Provides a reference on fMRI neurofeedback covering history, methods, mechanisms, clinical applications, and basic research, as well as ethical considerations Offers contributions from international experts—leading research groups are represented, including from Europe, Japan, Israel, and the United States Includes coverage of data analytic methods, study design, neuroscience mechanisms, and clinical considerations Presents a perspective on future translational development
Download or read book Imaging the Brain in Autism written by Manuel F. Casanova and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data compiled by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention indicates an alarming and continuing increase in the prevalence of autism. Despite intensive research during the last few decades, autism remains a behavioral defined syndrome wherein diagnostic criteria lack in construct validity. And, contrary to other conditions like diabetes and hypertension, there are no biomarkers for autism. However, new imaging methods are changing the way we think about autism, bringing us closer to a falsifiable definition for the condition, identifying affected individuals earlier in life, and recognizing different subtypes of autism. The imaging modalities discussed in this book emphasize the power of new technology to uncover important clues about the condition with the hope of developing effective interventions. Imaging the Brain in Autism was created to examine autism from a unique perspective that would emphasize results from different imaging technologies. These techniques show brain abnormalities in a significant percentage of patients, abnormalities that translate into aberrant functioning and significant clinical symptomatology. It is our hope that this newfound understanding will make the field work collaborative and provide a path that minimizes technical impediments.
Download or read book Brain Network Dysfunction in Neuropsychiatric Illness written by Vaibhav A. Diwadkar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-05-12 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain network function and dysfunction is the dominant model for understanding how the brain gives rise to normal and abnormal behavior. Moreover, neuropsychiatric illnesses continue to resist attempts to reveal an understanding of their bases. Thus, this timely volume provides a synthesis of the uses of multiple analytic methods as they are applied to neuroimaging data, to seek understanding of the neurobiological bases of psychiatric illnesses, understanding that can subsequently aid in their management and treatment. A principle focus is on the analyses and application of methods to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. fMRI remains the most widely used neuroimaging technique for estimating brain network function, and several of the methods covered can estimate brain network dysfunction in resting and task-active states. Additional chapters provide details on how these methods are (and can be) applied in the understanding of several neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, mood disorders, autism, borderline personality disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A final complement of chapters provides a collective overview of how this framework continues to provoke theoretical advances in our conception of the brain in psychiatry. This unique volume is designed to be a comprehensive resource for imaging researchers interested in psychiatry, and for psychiatrists interested in advanced imaging applications.
Download or read book Advanced Neuroimaging Methods for Studying Autism Disorder written by Alessandro Grecucci and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-11-16 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last twenty years, many attempts have been made to provide neurobiological models of autism. Functional, structural and connectivity analyses have highlighted reduced responses in key social areas, such as amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, and superior temporal sulcus. However, these studies present discrepant results and some of them have been questioned for methodological limitations. The aim of this research topic is to present advanced neuroimaging methods able to capture the complexity of the neural deficits displayed in autism. This special issue presents new studies using structural and functional MRI, as well as magnetoencephalography, and novel protocols to analyze data (Analysis of Cluster Variability, Noise Reduction Strategies, Source-based Morphometry, Functional Connectivity Density, Restriction Spectrum Imaging and the others). We believe it is time to integrate data provided by different techniques and methodologies in order to have a better understanding of autism.
Download or read book Development and Brain Systems in Autism written by Marcel Adam Just and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume covers several perspectives on autism which bring together the most recent scientific views of the nature of this disorder. A number of themes organize major developments and emerging areas in autism. The book is essential for reseachers and practitioners who require a state-of-the-art resource on autism.
Download or read book Emerging Technologies for Healthcare written by Monika Mangla and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-17 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Emerging Technologies for Healthcare” begins with an IoT-based solution for the automated healthcare sector which is enhanced to provide solutions with advanced deep learning techniques. The book provides feasible solutions through various machine learning approaches and applies them to disease analysis and prediction. An example of this is employing a three-dimensional matrix approach for treating chronic kidney disease, the diagnosis and prognostication of acquired demyelinating syndrome (ADS) and autism spectrum disorder, and the detection of pneumonia. In addition, it provides healthcare solutions for post COVID-19 outbreaks through various suitable approaches, Moreover, a detailed detection mechanism is discussed which is used to devise solutions for predicting personality through handwriting recognition; and novel approaches for sentiment analysis are also discussed with sufficient data and its dimensions. This book not only covers theoretical approaches and algorithms, but also contains the sequence of steps used to analyze problems with data, processes, reports, and optimization techniques. It will serve as a single source for solving various problems via machine learning algorithms.
Download or read book Neuroconstructivism Perspectives and prospects written by Denis Mareschal and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the processes, from conception to adulthood, that enable a single cell to grow into a sentient adult? This work sets out a whole new framework for considering the complex topic of development, integrating data from cognitive studies, computational work, and neuroimaging.
Download or read book Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence written by Bhabesh Deka and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-25 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two-volume set of LNCS 11941 and 11942 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence, PReMI 2019, held in Tezpur, India, in December 2019. The 131 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 341 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: Pattern Recognition; Machine Learning; Deep Learning; Soft and Evolutionary Computing; Image Processing; Medical Image Processing; Bioinformatics and Biomedical Signal Processing; Information Retrieval; Remote Sensing; Signal and Video Processing; and Smart and Intelligent Sensors.
