Download or read book Salt and the Colombian State written by Joshua M. Rosenthal and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2014-08-23 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In republican Colombia, salt became an important source of revenue not just to individuals, but to the state, which levied taxes on it and in some cases controlled and profited from its production. The salt trade consistently accounted for roughly 10 percent of government income. In the town of La Salina de Chita, in Boyaca province, thermal springs offered vast amounts of salt, and its procurement and distribution was placed under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Finance. Focusing his study on La Salina, Joshua M. Rosenthal presents a fascinating glimpse into the workings of the early Colombian state, its institutions, and their interactions with local citizens during this formative period. Although historians have cited the state's weakness and, in many cases, its absence in local affairs, Rosenthal counters these assumptions by documenting the primary role the state held in administering contracts, inspections, land rights, labor, and trade in La Salina, contending that this was not an isolated incident. He also uncovers the frequent interaction between the state and local residents, who used the state's liberal rhetoric to gain personal economic advantage. Seen through the lens of the administration of La Salina's saltworks, Rosenthal provides a firsthand account of the role of local institutions and fiscal management in the larger process of state building. His study offers new perspectives on the complex network of republican Colombia's political culture and its involvement in provincial life across the nation.
Download or read book A Sociological Study of the Relationships Between Man and the Land in the Department of Boyac Colombia written by Orlando Fals-Borda and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Minerals Yearbook written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the mineral and material industries of the United States and foreign countries. Contains statistical data on materials and minerals and includes information on economic and technical trends and development. Includes chapters on approximately 90 commodities and over 175 countries.
Download or read book Minerals Yearbook written by Geological Survey and published by . This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the Minerals Yearbook provides an annual review of mineral production and trade and of mineral-related government and industry developments in more than 175 foreign countries. It is normally published in separate books that cover specific regions. In this publication, the regional books are combined into one commemorative volume. These annual reviews are designed to provide timely statistical data on mineral commodities in various countries. Each report includes sections on government policies and programs, environmental issues, trade and production data, industry structure and ownership, commodity sector developments, infrastructure, and a summary outlook. More information is available on the three volumes of the Minerals Yearbook. Regional Areas Covered: Africa and the Middle East Asia and the Pacific Europe and Central Eurasia North America, Central America, and the Caribbean South America
Download or read book Colombia written by Great Britain. Commercial Relations and Exports Department and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Minerals Yearbook written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Republic of Colombia written by Colombia (Republic of Colombia, 1886- ). Consulado. New York and published by . This book was released on 1896 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Emerging Infectious Diseases written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 1148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Minerals Yearbook written by Geological Survey and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2013-12-09 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Minerals Yearbook is an annual publication that reviews the mineral and material industries of the United States and foreign countries. The Yearbook contains statistical data on materials and minerals and includes information on economic and technical trends and development. The Minerals Yearbook includes chapters on approximately 90 commodities and over 175 countries. This volume of the Minerals Yearbook provides an annual review of mineral production and trade and of mineral-related government and industry developments in more than 175 foreign countries. Each report includes sections on government policies and programs, environmental issues, trade and production data, industry structure and ownership, commodity sector developments, infrastructure, and a summary outlook.
Download or read book Area Reports written by Geological Survey and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Minerals Yearbook is an annual publication that reviews the mineral and material industries of the United States and foreign countries. The Yearbook contains statistical data on materials and minerals and includes information on economic and technical trends and development. The Minerals Yearbook includes chapters on approximately 90 commodities and over 175 countries. This volume of the Minerals Yearbook provides an annual review of mineral production and trade and of mineral-related government and industry developments in more than 175 foreign countries. Each report includes sections on government policies and programs, environmental issues, trade and production data, industry structure and ownership, commodity sector developments, infrastructure, and a summary outlook.
Download or read book Snakes of the World written by Van Wallach and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 1260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species—the first catalogue of its kind—covers all living and fossil snakes described between 1758 and 2012, comprising 3,509 living and 274 extinct species allocated to 539 living and 112 extinct genera. Also included are 54 genera and 302 species that are dubious or invalid, resulting in recognition of 705 genera and 4,085 species. Features: Alphabetical listings by genus and species Individual accounts for each genus and species Detailed data on type specimens and type localities All subspecies, synonyms, and proposed snake names Distribution of species by country, province, and elevation Distribution of fossils by country and geological periods Major taxonomic references for each genus and species Appendix with major references for each country Complete bibliography of all references cited in text and appendix Index of 12,500 primary snake names The data on type specimens includes museum and catalog number, length and sex, and collector and date. The listed type localities include restrictions and corrections. The bibliography provides complete citations of all references cited in the text and appendix, and taxonomic comments are given in the remarks sections. This standard reference supplies a scientific, academic, and professional treatment of snakes—appealing to conservationists and herpetologists as well as zoologists, naturalists, hobbyists, researchers, and teachers.
Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Colombia written by Harvey F. Kline and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colombia is the fourth largest country in South America and one of the continent's most populous nations. It has substantial oil reserves and is a major producer of gold, silver, emeralds, platinum, and coal, along with a significant number of natural resources. Colombia has also been ravaged by a decades-long violent conflict involving outlawed armed groups, drug cartels, and gross violations of human rights. Recently the country has made some progress towards improving security, and President Santos has pledged to continue to improve security by passing laws to strengthen the judicial system; a reform of the manner of distributing royalties paid by mining and petroleum companies; and a tougher law against corruption. The Historical Dictionary of Colombia covers the history of Colombia through a chronology, an introductory essay, appendixes, and a bibliography. The dictionary section has over 1,000 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Colombia.
Download or read book Colombia written by Sarah Woods and published by Bradt Travel Guides. This book was released on 2015-09-01 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide to Colombia reflects the resurgence of the country among travellers following years of lawlessness. With a strong focus on the country's cultural attractions, it will appeal to visitors seeking to discover Colombia's renowned flora and fauna, as well as its historic colonial cities, and its range of eco-tourism initiatives
Download or read book The Impact of Climate Change on Urban Settlements in Columbia written by Andrea Lampis and published by UN-HABITAT. This book was released on 2012 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Area Handbook for Colombia written by American University (Washington, D.C.). Foreign Areas Studies Division and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book When Colombia Bled written by James D. Henderson and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 2010-03-14 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the Colombian Violencia, the undeclared civil war between the Liberal and Conservative parties that raged from the late 1940s to early 1960s. It presents the information as a narrative history. There is also an array of appendixes, maps, and photographs.
Download or read book The Present State of Colombia written by Officer late in the Colombian service and published by . This book was released on 1827 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
