Download or read book The Boundary Flux Handbook written by Marco Stoller and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-12-23 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Boundary Flux Handbook summarizes over 90 chemical compounds (single compounds, in mixed solution) and different feed streams from industry (complex streams exiting the agricultural, biological, pharmaceutical, food, dye, textile, etc. industries) and the respective critical and threshold fluxes (hereafter referred to the boundary flux), together with data on rejection and permeabilities. It gives the reader valuable data to quickly estimate membrane performances in respect to productivity, selectivity and longevity, and permits to estimate capital and operating costs of membrane processes during the plant design operations. The book is valuable for scientific researchers and chemical engineers working with membrane technology as a reference for lab work, membrane process design and control. For each specific feedstock, only the best performing membrane(s) are listed. At least one commercial membrane module and a maximum of 4 different choices were reported, in order to assure the possibility to easily integrate the proposed membranes into the systems by contacting the relevant commercial partner, and to define the best choice of the pretreatment steps, permitting quick membrane process optimization or revamping operations. This text summarizes over 100 chemical compounds, different feed streams from industry, and the respective critical and threshold fluxes It gives the reader valuable data to quickly estimate membrane performances in respect to productivity, selectivity and longevity For each studied feedstock, only the best performing membrane(s) are listed, including one commercial and a maximum of four different choices, to assure the possibility to easily integrate the proposed membranes into the systems by contacting the relevant commercial partner

Download or read book The Forest Atmosphere Interaction written by B.A. Hutchison and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of meteorological phenomena upon forest produc tivity and forestry operations have been of concern for many years. With the evolution of system-level studies of forest eco system structure and function in the International Biological Program and elsewhere, more fundamental interactions between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere received scientific atten tion but the emphasis on meteorological and climatological effects on forest processes remained. More recently, as recogni tion has developed of potential and actual problems associated with the atmospheric transport, dispersion, and deposition of airborne pollutants, the effects of forest canopies upon boundary-layer meteorological phenomena has come under scientific scrutiny. Looking to the future, with rising atmospheric con centrations of C02 and increasing competition for the finite fresh-water resources of the earth, interest in the role of forests in global C02 and water balances can also be expected to intensify. Thus, the nature of forest canopy-atmosphere interac tions, that is to say, the meteorological phenomena occurring in and above forest canopies, are of importance to a wide variety of scientific and social-issues. Demands for forest meteorological information currently exceed levels of knowledge and given the economic constraints of science in general and environmental sciences in particular, chances for major improvements in scien tific support in the near future are slim. Unfortunately, studies of environmental phenomena in and above forests are costly and logistically difficult. Trees, the ecological dominants of forest ecosystems, are the largest of all terrestrial organisms.

Download or read book Flux Corrected Transport written by Dmitri Kuzmin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-27 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing students and researchers as well as CFD practitioners, this book describes the state of the art in the development of high-resolution schemes based on the Flux-Corrected Transport (FCT) paradigm. Intended for readers who have a solid background in computational fluid dynamics, the book begins with historical notes by J.P. Boris and D.L. Book. Review articles that follow describe recent advances in the design of FCT algorithms as well as various algorithmic aspects. The topics addressed in the book and its main highlights include: the derivation and analysis of classical FCT schemes, with special emphasis on the underlying physical and mathematical constraints; flux limiting for hyperbolic systems; generalization of FCT to implicit time-stepping and finite element discretizations on unstructured meshes and its role as a subgrid scale model for Monotonically Integrated Large Eddy Simulation (MILES) of turbulent flows. The proposed enhancements of the FCT methodology also comprise the prelimiting and 'failsafe' adjustment of antidiffusive fluxes, the use of characteristic variables, and iterative flux correction. The cause and cure of detrimental clipping/terracing effects are discussed. Many numerical examples are presented for academic test problems and large-scale applications alike.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Chromospheric and Coronal Heating written by Peter Ulmschneider and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the great problems of astrophysics is the unanswered question about the origin and mechanism of chromospheric and coronal heating. Just how these outer stellar envelopes are heated is of fundamental importance, since all stars have hot chromospheric and coronal shells where the temperature rises to millions of degrees, comparable to the temperatures in the stars' cores. Here for the first time is a comprehensive inventory of the proposed chromospheric and coronal heating theories. The proposed heating processes are critically compared, and the observational evidence for the various mechanisms is reviewed. This is essential reading for all those working in such fields as stellar activity, radio and XUV emission, rotation, and mass loss, for whom a detailed and consistent presentation of our knowledge of chromospheric and coronal heating mechanisms is urgently needed.

Download or read book Carbon and Nutrient Fluxes in Continental Margins written by Kon-Kee Liu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-02-11 with total page 757 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a product of the joint JGOFS (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study)/LOICZ (Land–Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone) Continental Margins Task Team which was established to facilitate continental margins research in the two projects. It contains signi cant information on the physical, biogeochemical, and ecosystems of continental margins nationally and regionally and provides a very valuable synthesis of this information and the physical, biogeochemical and ecosystem processes which occur on continental margins. The publication of this book is timely as it provides a very strong foundation for the development of the joint IMBER (Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystems Research)/LOICZ Science Plan and Implemen- tion Strategy for biogeochemical and ecosystems research in the continental margins and the impacts of global change on these systems. This initiative will move forward integrated biogeochemical and ecosystems research in the continental margins. We thank all the contributors to this volume and especially Kon-Kee Liu who has dedicated a great deal of time to ensuring a high-quality book is published. IMBER Scienti c Steering Committee Julie Hall LOICZ Scienti c Steering Committee Jozef Pacyna v 1 Preface In general, interfaces between the Earth’s larger material reservoirs (i. e. , the land, atmosphere, ocean, and sediments) are important in the control of the biogeoche- cal dynamics and cycling of the major bio-essential elements, including carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and silicon (Si), found in organic matter and the inorganic skeletons, shells, and tests of benthic and marine organisms.

Download or read book Critical State In Superconductors Proceedings Of 1994 Topical International Cryogenic Materials Conference written by Teruo Matsushita and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1995-06-09 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings include 76 papers on vortex structure and dynamics, flux pinning, flux creep and melting, critical state phenomena, weak links as well as technical problems for fabrication of materials with high critical current density, for both high-temperature and low-temperature superconductors.

Download or read book Elements of Electromigration written by King-Ning Tu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-01-19 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this invaluable resource for graduate students and practicing professionals, Tu and Liu provide a comprehensive account of electromigration and give a practical guide on how to manage its effects in microelectronic devices, especially newer devices that make use of 3D architectures. In the era of big data and artificial intelligence, next-generation microelectronic devices for consumers must be smaller, consume less power, cost less, and, most importantly, have higher functionality and reliability than ever before. However, with miniaturization, the average current density increases, and so does the probability of electromigration failure. This book covers all critical elements of electromigration, including basic theory, various failure modes induced by electromigration, methods to prevent failure, and equations for predicting mean-time-to-failure. Furthermore, effects such as stress, Joule heating, current crowding, and oxidation on electromigration are covered, and the new and modified mean-time-to-failure equations based on low entropy production are given. Readers will be able to apply this information to the design and application of microelectronic devices to minimize the risk of electromigration-induced failure in microelectronic devices. This book essential for anyone who wants to understand these critical elements and minimize their effects. It is particularly valuable for both graduate students of electrical engineering and materials science engineering and engineers working in the semiconductor and electronic packaging technology industries.

Download or read book Techniques of Water resources Investigations of the United States Geological Survey written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Groundwater Models for Resources Analysis and Management written by Aly I. El-Kadi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by renowned experts in the field, this book assesses the status of groundwater models and defines models and modeling needs in the 21st century. It reviews the state of the art in model development and application in regional groundwater management, unsaturated flow/multiphase flow and transport, island modeling, biological and virus transport, and fracture flow. Both deterministic and stochastic aspects of unsaturated flow and transport are covered. The book also introduces a unique assessment of models as analysis and management tools for groundwater resources. Topics covered include model vs. data uncertainty, accuracy of the dispersion/convection equation, protocols for model testing and validation, post-audit studies, and applying models to karst aquifers.

Download or read book Documentation of Computer Program VS2D to Solve the Equations of Fluid Flow in Variably Saturated Porous Media written by E. G. Lappala and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Water resources Investigations Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Globalization and Literature written by Suman Gupta and published by Polity. This book was released on 2009 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a state-of-the-art overview of the relationship between globalization studies and literature and literary studies, and the bearing that they have on each other. It engages with the manner in which globalization is thematized in literary works; examines the relationship between globalization theory and literary theory; and discusses the impact of globalization processes on the production and reception of literary texts. Suman Gupta argues that while literature has registered globalization processes in relevant ways, there has been a missed articulation between globalization studies and literary studies. Some of the ways in which this slippage is now being addressed, and may be taken forward, are indicated. In the course of fleshing out this argument such themes as the following are discussed: the manner in which anti-globalization protests and world cities have figured in literary works, digitization has remoulded concepts of texts and text editing, theories of postmodernism and postcolonialism that are familiar in literary studies have diverged from and converged with globalization studies, English and Comparative/World Literature as institutional disciplinary spaces are being reconfigured, and industries to do with the circulation of literature are becoming globalized. This book is intended for university level students and teachers, researchers, and other informed readers with an interest in the above issues, and serves both as a survey of the field and an intervention within it.

Download or read book Boundaries in Flux written by David Newman and published by IBRU. This book was released on 1995 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Classical Theory written by Paul McEvoy and published by MicroAnalytix. This book was released on 2002 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook explains the theory of local nonequilibrium thermodynamics that is constructed from microscopic particle statistical mechanics. Each thermodynamic quantity is based on a particle analog.

Download or read book Simulation of the Regional Geohydrology of the Tesuque Aquifer System Near Santa Fe New Mexico written by Douglas P. McAda and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Geological Survey Water supply Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Fate of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the North Sea written by Tatjana P. Ilyina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-24 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a description of FANTOM, an ocean model, that has been developed to investigate the fate of selected POPs in the North Sea. The main focus of the model is on quantifying the distribution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and their aquatic pathways. The model was applied for the southern North Sea and tested by studying the behavior of g-HCH, a-HCH and PCB 153 in sea water.