Download or read book Body Size Evolution and Diversity of Fishes Using the Neotropical Cichlids Cichlinae as a Model System written by Sarah Elizabeth Steele and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The influence of body size on an organism's physiology, morphology, ecology, and life history has been considered one of the most fundamental relationships in ecology and evolution. The ray-finned fishes are a highly diverse group of vertebrates. Yet, our understanding of diversification in this group is incomplete, and the role of body size in creating this diversity is largely unknown. I examined body size in Neotropical cichlids (Cichlinae) to elucidate the large- and small-scale factors affecting body size diversity and distribution, and how body size shapes species, morphological, and ecological diversity in fishes. Characterization of body size distributions across the phylogeny of Neotropical cichlids revealed considerable overlap in body size, particularly in intermediate-sized fishes, with few, species-poor lineages exhibiting extreme body size. Three potential peaks of adaptive evolution in body size were identified within Cichlinae. I found freshwater fishes globally tend to be smaller and their distributions more diverse and right-skewed than marine counterparts, irrespective of taxonomy and clade age, with a strengthening of these trends in riverine systems. Comparisons of Neotropical cichlid body size diversity and distribution to this broader context shows that body size patterns are largely abnormal compared to most freshwater fishes, particularly those of the Neotropics. This implies that small body size is rarer in Cichlinae, despite several independent cases of body size decrease in this lineage. I found that these small-bodied lineages are miniaturized cichlids, exhibiting strong reduction in body size, as well as paedomorphic characters and ontogenetic truncation compared to their sister taxa. Further examination of ontogenies across Neotropical cichlids found considerable shape conservatism over ontogeny and phylogeny, with cichlids following similar ontogenetic trajectories. Therefore, ontogenetic pathways do not contribute considerably to morphological divergence seen in adults, with divergence likely occurring in the larval stage or perhaps during embryology. The evolution of ontogeny, body size, and shape did not correspond to a unique adaptive peak in miniatures, or three body size optima predicted from the distribution of size across the phylogeny. Rather, it is complex and, like early trait divergence previously seen, diversifies early in the phylogeny across the major lineages of Neotropical cichlids.
Download or read book The Behavior Ecology and Evolution of Cichlid Fishes written by Maria E. Abate and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-19 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume constitutes the most recent and most comprehensive consideration of the largest family of bony fishes, the Cichlidae. This book offers an integrated perspective of cichlid fishes ranging from conservation of threatened species to management of cichlids as invasive species themselves. Long-standing models of taxonomy and systematics are subjected to the most recent applications and interpretations of molecular evidence and multivariate analyses; and cichlid adaptive radiations at different scales are elucidated. The incredible diversity of endemic cichlid species in African lakes is revisited as possible examples of sympatric speciation and as serious cases for management in complex anthropogenic environments. Extreme hydrology and bathymetry as driver of micro-allopatric speciation is explored in the African riverine hotspot of diversity of the lower Congo River. Dramatic new molecular evidence draws attention to the complex taxonomy and systematics of Neotropical cichlids including the crater lakes of Central America. Molecular genetics, genomics, imaging tools and field study techniques assess the roles of natural, sexual and kin selection in shaping cichlid traits and beyond. The complex behavioral adaptations of cichlids are considered from a number of sub-disciplines including sensory biology, neurobiology, development, and evolutionary ecology. Most importantly, this volume puts forth a wealth of new interpretations, explanatory hypotheses and proposals for practical management and applications that will shape the future for these remarkable fishes in nature as well as their use as models for the study of biology.
Download or read book The Cichlid Fishes written by George Barlow and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2008-12-15 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cichlid fishes are amazing creatures. In terms of sheer number of species, they are the most successful of all families of vertebrate animals, and the extent and speed with which they have evolved in some African lakes has made them the darlings of evolutionary biologists. But what truly captivates biologists like George Barlow -- not to mention thousands of aquarists the world over -- is the complexity of their social lives and their devotion to family (most species of cichlids are monogamous and many pairs share the responsibility of raising offspring). In this wonderful book, Barlow describes the unusually high intelligence of these fishes, their complex mating and parenting rituals, their bizarre feeding and fighting habits, and the unusual adaptations and explosive rate of speciation that have enabled them to proliferate and flourish. A celebration of their diversity, The Cichlid Fishes is also a marvelous exploration of how these unique animals might help resolve the age-old puzzle of how species arise and evolve.
Download or read book Cichlid Fishes written by M.H. Keenleyside and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991-05-31 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cichlid fishes are an important group, being widely used in scientific research and as popular fish with aquarists. This group contains mainly small species which adjust quickly to captivity, exhibiting a readiness to breed and long periods of parental care for the young. This books comprehensive volume describes the current knowledge on the behaviour and ecology of the cichlid fishes.
Download or read book Selection Constraint and Adaptation in the Visual Genes of Neotropical Cichlid Fishes and Other Vertebrates written by Frances Elisabeth Hauser and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The visual system serves as a direct interface between an organism and its environment. Studies of the molecular components of the visual transduction cascade, in particular visual pigments, offer an important window into the relationship between genetic variation and organismal fitness. In this thesis, I use molecular evolutionary models as well as protein modeling and experimental characterization to assess the role of variable evolutionary rates on visual protein function. In Chapter 2, I review recent work on the ecological and evolutionary forces giving rise to the impressive variety of adaptations found in visual pigments. In Chapter 3, I use interspecific vertebrate and mammalian datasets of two visual genes (RH1 or rhodopsin, and RPE65, a retinoid isomerase) to assess different methods for estimating evolutionary rate across proteins and the reliability of inferring evolutionary conservation at individual amino acid sites, with a particular emphasis on sites implicated in impaired protein function. In Chapters 4, and 5, I narrow my focus to devote particular attention to visual pigments in Neotropical cichlids, a highly diverse clade of fishes distributed across South and Central America. In Chapter 4, I find accelerated evolutionary rates in RH1 are associated with cichlid colonization of Central America. I experimentally characterize a South American cichlid rhodopsin pigment and assess the functional consequences of a unique amino acid variant. Finally, in Chapter 5, I examine diversity in UV, violet, and blue-sensitive opsins across the Neotropical cichlids. I identify several putative pseudogenization events in the UV opsin, as well as complete loss of this opsin in several South American cichlid species. Conversely, the UV opsin was under strong purifying selection in Central American cichlids. My results also indicate a burst of episodic positive selection in the blue-sensitive opsin at the base of an ancient adaptive radiation in South American cichlids. This thesis combines computational and experimental work investigating visual pigment evolution in Neotropical cichlid fishes. More broadly, this thesis also considers the evolutionary forces governing visual gene loss and inactivation, as well as the molecular mechanisms mediating visual protein function and adaptation.
Download or read book Trends in the Evolution and Ecology of Functional Morphology in Neotropical Cichlids written by Jessica Hilary Arbour and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Evolution of Dim light Visual Pigments in Neotropical Geophagine Cichlids written by Shannon Refvik and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biology and Physiology of Freshwater Neotropical Fish written by Bernardo Baldisserotto and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-09 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology and Physiology of Freshwater Neotropical Fish is the all-inclusive guide to fish species prevalent in the neotropical realm. It provides the most updated systematics, classification, anatomical, behavioral, genetic, and functioning systems information on freshwater neotropical fish species. This book begins by analyzing the differences in phylogeny, anatomy, and behaviour of neotropical fish. Systems such as cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, digestive, reproductive, muscular, and endocrine are described in detail. This book also looks at the effects of stress on fish immune systems, and how color and pigmentation play into physiology and species differentiation. Biology and Physiology of Freshwater Neotropical Fish is a must-have for fish biologists and zoologists. Students in zoology, ichthyology, and fish farming will also find this book useful for its coverage of some of the world’s rarest and least-known fish species. Features chapters written by top neotropical fish researchers and specialists Discusses environmental effects on neotropical fishes, including climate change and pollution Details the phylogenetic occurrence of electroreceptors and electric organs in fish
Download or read book An Introduction to the Study of the Ethology of Cichlid Fishes written by Gerardus Pieter Baerends and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cichlid Diversity of Lake Malawi Nyasa Niassa written by Jos Snoeks and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cichlid Fish written by and published by David Oc. This book was released on with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cichlid Fishes of the Great Lakes of Africa Their Biology and Evolution written by Geoffrey Fryer and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Cichlid Aquarium written by Paul V. Loiselle and published by Tetra Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Epigenetic Principles of Evolution written by Nelson R Cabej and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-11-22 with total page 847 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first and only book, so far, to deal with the causal basis of evolution from an epigenetic view. By revealing the epigenetic "user" of the "genetic toolkit", this book demonstrates the primacy of epigenetic mechanisms and epigenetic information in generating evolutionary novelties. The author convincingly supports his theory with a host of examples from the most varied fields of biology, by emphasizing changes in developmental pathways as the basic source of evolutionary change in metazoans. - Original and thought provoking--a radically new theory that overcomes the present difficulties of the theory of evolution - Is the first and only theory that uses epigenetic mechanisms and principles for explaining evolution of metazoans - Takes an integrative approach and shows a wide range of learning
Download or read book The Cichlid Fishes of Western Africa written by Anton Lamboj and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers every cichlid species from western Africa. The beloved species of West and Central Africa, from Senegal to the Congo, are discussed, as are species from the most northern and southwestern continental extremes. In addition to the better-known and often-kept species, several species that have never been featured in a book before are discussed within; additionally, several currently undescribed species are included. Three chapters discuss the general systematics, natural habits and care of cichlids from western Africa.The book's main focus is the description of every species; most are illustrated with fantastic photographs. Information on the distribution, basic characteristics, ecology and breeding biology, as well as keeping and breeding in aquaria, are presented for each species when available. The superb photography, combined with the individual descriptions, aid the determination of nearly every species. The book is the most comprehensive and up-to-date resource currently available to scientists and aquarists interested in the cichlids of western Africa.
Download or read book Bones and Cartilage written by Brian K. Hall and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-12-23 with total page 911 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bones and Cartilage provides the most in-depth review and synthesis assembled on the topic, across all vertebrates. It examines the function, development and evolution of bone and cartilage as tissues, organs and skeletal systems. It describes how bone and cartilage develop in embryos and are maintained in adults, how bone is repaired when we break a leg, or regenerates when a newt grows a new limb, or a lizard a new tail. The second edition of Bones and Cartilage includes the most recent knowledge of molecular, cellular, developmental and evolutionary processes, which are integrated to outline a unified discipline of developmental and evolutionary skeletal biology. Additionally, coverage includes how the molecular and cellular aspects of bones and cartilage differ in different skeletal systems and across species, along with the latest studies and hypotheses of relationships between skeletal cells and the most recent information on coupling between osteocytes and osteoclasts All chapters have been revised and updated to include the latest research. - Offers complete coverage of every aspect of bone and cartilage, with updated references and extensive illustrations - Integrates development and evolution of the skeleton, as well a synthesis of differentiation, growth and patterning - Treats all levels from molecular to clinical, embryos to evolution, and covers all vertebrates as well as invertebrate cartilages - Includes new chapters on evolutionary skeletal biology that highlight normal variation and variability, and variation outside the norm (neomorphs, atavisms) - Updates hypotheses on the origination of cartilage using new phylogenetic, cellular and genetic data - Covers stem cells in embryos and adults, including mesenchymal stem cells and their use in genetic engineering of cartilage, and the concept of the stem cell niche
Download or read book An Introduction to the Study of the Ethology of Cichlid Fishes written by Gerard P Baerends and published by Hassell Street Press. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
