Download or read book Blue Whale Response to Underwater Noise from Commercial Ships written by Megan Frances McKenna and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The extent to which low-frequency noise from large vessels is a part of the coastal marine environment and the ramifications of this for blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) communication ranges and vocal behavior was investigated in the Santa Barbara Channel (SBC), a region off the coast of southern California. Analysis of noise from individual ships transiting the region, identified unique spectral characteristics, and radiated noise levels related to ship-type. Predicting radiated underwater noise from container ships under normal operating conditions proved to be challenging given the high dimensionality of the problem. Generalized additive models of radiated ship noise in relation to design characteristics, operational conditions, and oceanographic features revealed the most relevant parameters associated with ship noise. The statistical approach provided a comprehensive view of radiated ship noise in a coastal environment. Increased background noise levels from commercial ship traffic altered the low-frequency acoustic environment in which large whales are communicating. A comparison of long term averages of ambient noise at different sites revealed that blue whales utilizing this region are exposed to diverse acoustic environments and ranges at which they can communicate acoustically. A significant reduction in average noise levels in the SBC, related to changes in the economy and unintended consequences of an air quality improvement rule, was observed from 2007 to 2010. The decrease in ocean noise provided direct evidence for the impact on the ecosystem from the human activity and presented a unique opportunity to understand the magnitude of change necessary to improve the acoustic habitat quality for blue whales. Although the vocalizations of blue whales continued in the presence of ships, changes in call level and rate were observed. Understanding the interactions between human activity and the marine ecosystem is vital to its sustainability. The results of this research advance scientific understanding of human produced noise in the marine environment, and serves as a model for addressing noise pollution in a coastal region on both an ecosystem and individual species basis.
Download or read book Blue Whale Behavioral Response Study Field Testing of the New Bioacoustic Probe written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specific studies on the impact of ship noise and have not been widely conducted and little progress has been made toward an understanding of its impact (Southall 2005). Similar data gaps exist for the impact of Navy sonars on baleen whales. The PCAD model (NRC 2005) for assessing sound impacts on marine mammals calls for studies on sound source characteristics and the behavioral impact of specific sources on individual animals. Our goal is to understand the vocal and behavioral response of individual blue whales to high-intensity ship noise, resulting from the close geographic association between known foraging grounds and commercial shipping lanes off California. To accomplish this goal we deploy acoustic recording tags on individual blue whales within and near the shipping lanes and concurrently monitoring shipping traffic using AIS. The behavioral reaction of the whale to ship is then evaluated based on the tag data, the overall noise level, how close the ship approached. We also will conduct opportunistic studies of blue whale response to Navy sonars in the southern California region.
Download or read book Effects of Noise on Marine Mammals written by William John Richardson and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Mammals and Noise written by W. John Richardson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many marine mammals communicate by emitting sounds that pass through water. Such sounds can be received across great distances and can influence the behavior of these undersea creatures. In the past few decades, the oceans have become increasingly noisy, as underwater sounds from propellers, sonars, and other human activities make it difficult for marine mammals to communicate. This book discusses, among many other topics, just how well marine mammals hear, how noisy the oceans have become, and what effects these new sounds have on marine mammals. The baseline of ambient noise, the sounds produced by machines and mammals, the sensitivity of marine mammal hearing, and the reactions of marine mammals are also examined. An essential addition to any marine biologist's library, Marine Mammals and Noise will be especially appealing to marine mammalogists, researchers, policy makers and regulators, and marine biologists and oceanographers using sound in their research.
Download or read book Ocean Noise and Marine Mammals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-22 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the 119 species of marine mammals, as well as for some other aquatic animals, sound is the primary means of learning about the environment and of communicating, navigating, and foraging. The possibility that human-generated noise could harm marine mammals or significantly interfere with their normal activities is an issue of increasing concern. Noise and its potential impacts have been regulated since the passage of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972. Public awareness of the issue escalated in 1990s when researchers began using high-intensity sound to measure ocean climate changes. More recently, the stranding of beaked whales in proximity to Navy sonar use has again put the issue in the spotlight. Ocean Noise and Marine Mammals reviews sources of noise in the ocean environment, what is known of the responses of marine mammals to acoustic disturbance, and what models exist for describing ocean noise and marine mammal responses. Recommendations are made for future data gathering efforts, studies of marine mammal behavior and physiology, and modeling efforts necessary to determine what the long- and short-term impacts of ocean noise on marine mammals.
Download or read book Impacts of Shipping on Marine Fauna written by Christine Erbe and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-10-23 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Environmental Impact of Ships written by Stephen de Mora and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, global review of the impact ships have on the environment, covering pollutant discharges, non-pollutant impacts and international legislation.
Download or read book The Azores Marine Ecosystem An Open Window Into North Atlantic Open Ocean and Deep Sea Environments written by Telmo Morato and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-01-25 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ocean Noise and Marine Mammals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-06-22 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the 119 species of marine mammals, as well as for some other aquatic animals, sound is the primary means of learning about the environment and of communicating, navigating, and foraging. The possibility that human-generated noise could harm marine mammals or significantly interfere with their normal activities is an issue of increasing concern. Noise and its potential impacts have been regulated since the passage of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972. Public awareness of the issue escalated in 1990s when researchers began using high-intensity sound to measure ocean climate changes. More recently, the stranding of beaked whales in proximity to Navy sonar use has again put the issue in the spotlight. Ocean Noise and Marine Mammals reviews sources of noise in the ocean environment, what is known of the responses of marine mammals to acoustic disturbance, and what models exist for describing ocean noise and marine mammal responses. Recommendations are made for future data gathering efforts, studies of marine mammal behavior and physiology, and modeling efforts necessary to determine what the long- and short-term impacts of ocean noise on marine mammals.
Download or read book Stressors in the Marine Environment written by Martin Solan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This summarises the latest advances in the physiological and ecological responses of marine species to a wide range of potential stressors resulting from current anthropogenic activity, and provides a perspective on future outcomes for some of the most pressing environmental issues facing society today.
Download or read book Effects of Anthropogenic Noise on Animals written by Hans Slabbekoorn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past several years, many investigators interested in the effects of man-made sounds on animals have come to realize that there is much to gain from studying the broader literature on hearing sound and the effects of sound as well as data from the effects on humans. It has also become clear that knowledge of the effects of sound on one group of animals (e.g., birds or frogs) can guide studies on other groups (e.g., marine mammals or fishes) and that a review of all such studies together would be very useful to get a better understanding of the general principles and underlying cochlear and cognitive mechanisms that explain damage, disturbance, and deterrence across taxa. The purpose of this volume, then, is to provide a comprehensive review of the effects of man-made sounds on animals, with the goal of fulfilling two major needs. First, it was thought to be important to bring together data on sound and bioacoustics that have implications across all taxa (including humans) so that such information is generally available to the community of scholars interested in the effects of sound. This is done in Chaps. 2-5. Second, in Chaps. 6-10, the volume brings together what is known about the effects of sound on diverse vertebrate taxa so that investigators with interests in specific groups can learn from the data and experimental approaches from other species. Put another way, having an overview of the similarities and discrepancies among various animal groups and insight into the “how and why” will benefit the overall conceptual understanding, applications in society, and all future research.
Download or read book Low Frequency Sound and Marine Mammals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the effects of low-frequency sound on marine mammals and makes recommendations for research. In addition, the book describes current federal regulations prescribed under the Marine Mammal Protection Act that govern the taking of marine mammals by scientific research activities, and it recommends changes to expedite the regulatory process dealing with scientific research activities.
Download or read book Cold Water Oil written by Fiona Polack and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-19 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cold Water Oil: Offshore Petroleum Cultures is a collection of essays examining how societies conceive of fossil fuel extraction in the inhospitable but fragile waters of the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans. What happens offshore matters. Currently, over a quarter of the world’s oil and gas is produced from beneath the seas. The offshore petroleum industry is thus a crucial point of origin for global carbon emissions, and other environmental harms. Cold Water Oil: Offshore Petroleum Cultures illuminates ignored histories, influential contemporary narratives, and emerging energy and environmental futures. The volume centres on North Atlantic and Arctic regions; the continuing but often strongly contested pursuit of oil and gas in frigid, tumultuous, and environmentally sensitive seas enforces the lengths to which corporations and governments will go to maintain the centrality of fossil fuels. The book’s contributors focus on the cultural, social, and ecological implications of oil and gas extraction in the oceanic territories of Canada, Norway, the UK, Russia, the US, and the Iñupiat of Alaska at a time of profound global uncertainty. In conversation with the energy and environmental humanities, and critical ocean studies, Cold Water Oil considers a region central to debates about climate change and the planet’s future. Cold Water Oil engages students and researchers interested in climate change, energy humanities, critical ocean studies, and North Atlantic and Arctic issues.
Download or read book Listening in the Ocean written by Whitlow W. L. Au and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-25 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title brings to light the discoveries and insights into the lives of many marine species made possible over the last decade by passive acoustic recorders (PAR). Pop-ups, ARF, HARP, EAR, Bprobe, C-POD Atag, and Dtag are the acronyms of some of the many PARs that have changed our understanding of how marine animals live and strive in the ocean. Various types of PARs are used by different investigators in different areas of the world. These recorders have accumulated copious amounts of very important data, unveiling previously unknown information about large marine animals. Temporal, seasonal and spatial distribution patterns have been uncovered for many marine species. There have been many discoveries, new understandings and insights into how these animals live in and utilize the ocean and the importance of acoustics in their lives. Listening Within the Ocean summarizes these important discoveries, providing both a valuable resource for researchers and enjoyable reading for non-professionals interested in marine life.
Download or read book Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-01-24 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attention has been drawn to the subject of how ocean noise affects marine mammals by a series of marine mammal strandings, lawsuits, and legislative hearings, and most recently, the report from the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy. One way to assess the impact of ocean noise is to consider whether it causes changes in animal behavior that are "biologically significant," that is, those that affect an animal's ability to grow, survive, and reproduce. This report offers a conceptual model designed to clarify which marine mammal behaviors are biologically significant for conservation purposes. The report is intended to help scientists and policymakers interpret provisions of the federal Marine Mammal Protection Act.
Download or read book Cetacean Societies written by Janet Mann and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2000-06 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Part review, part testament to extraordinary dedication, and part call to get involved, Cetacean Societies highlights the achievements of behavioral ecologists inspired by the challenges of cetaceans and committed to the exploration of a new world."—from the preface by Richard Wrangham Long-lived, slow to reproduce, and often hidden beneath the water's surface, whales and dolphins (cetaceans) have remained elusive subjects for scientific study even though they have fascinated humans for centuries. Until recently, much of what we knew about cetaceans came from commercial sources such as whalers and trainers for dolphin acts. Innovative research methods and persistent efforts, however, have begun to penetrate the depths to reveal tantalizing glimpses of the lives of these mammals in their natural habitats. Cetacean Societies presents the first comprehensive synthesis and review of these new studies. Groups of chapters focus on the history of cetacean behavioral research and methodology; state-of-the-art reviews of information on four of the most-studied species: bottlenose dolphins, killer whales, sperm whales, and humpback whales; and summaries of major topics, including group living, male and female reproductive strategies, communication, and conservation drawn from comparative research on a wide range of species. Written by some of the world's leading cetacean scientists, this landmark volume will benefit not just students of cetology but also researchers in other areas of behavioral and conservation ecology as well as anyone with a serious interest in the world of whales and dolphins. Contributors are Robin Baird, Phillip Clapham, Jenny Christal, Richard Connor, Janet Mann, Andrew Read, Randall Reeves, Amy Samuels, Peter Tyack, Linda Weilgart, Hal Whitehead, Randall S. Wells, and Richard Wrangham.
Download or read book Marine Mammals Ashore written by Joseph R. Geraci and published by National Aquarium in Baltimore. This book was released on 2005 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive manual for understanding and carrying out marine mammal rescue activities for stranded seals, manatees, dolphins, whales, or sea otters.
